Seyed Mohamad Javad Beheshtian

beheshtraya@gmail.com

Isfahan University of TechnologySpring 2014

Oracle Database Introduction

Object-relational database management system

Produced and marketed by Oracle Corporation

By Larry Ellison, Bob Miner and Ed Oates

Overview

Technical Timeline

Larry Ellison and friends founded Software Development Laboratories (SDL)

1977

Oracle Version 1, written in assembly language, runs on PDP-11 under RSX, in 128K of memory.

Oracle V1 is never officially released.

1978

SDL changed its company-name to "Relational Software, Inc." (RSI)

Introduced its product Oracle V2 as an early relational database system.

1979

Often cited as the first commercially sold RDBMS.

The version did not support transactions, but implemented the basic SQL functionality of queries and joins.

1979 (Cont’d)

RSI in its turn changed its name, becoming known as "Oracle Corporation"

1982

The company released Oracle version 3

It had re-written using the C programming language

1983

Supported COMMIT and ROLLBACK functionality for transactions

Version 3 extended platform support from the existing Digital VAX/VMS systems to include Unix environments

1983 (Cont’d)

Oracle Corporation released Oracle version 4,

Supported read-consistency.

In October it also released the first Oracle for the IBM PC.

1984

Oracle Corporation released Oracle version 5

Supported the client–server model

Networks becoming more widely available in the mid-1980s

1985

Oracle RDBMS version 6 came out

It support for PL/SQL, row-level locking and hot backups.

1988

Oracle's procedural language extension for SQL

Available in Oracle, TimesTen in-memory, and IBM DB2

PL/SQL

Oracle Corporation entered the application-products market and developed its ERP product

Later to become part of the Oracle E-Business Suite

Based on the Oracle relational database

1989

The release of Oracle Applications

Oracle Applications refers to the non-database and non-middleware parts of Oracle's software portfolio.

ERP, CRM, SCM, …

1990

Oracle version 7 appeared

Support for referential integrity, stored procedures and triggers

1992

Oracle Corporation released version 8

Supported object-oriented development and multimedia applications.

1997

Release of Oracle8i

Aimed to provide a database inter-operating better with the Internet

The i in the name stands for "Internet".

1999

The Oracle8i database incorporated a native Java virtual machine

Oracle JVM, also known as "Aurora"

1999 (Cont’d)

Oracle E-Business Suite 11i pioneers integrated enterprise application software

2000

Oracle9i went into release with 400 new features

Support to read and write XML documents

2001

Provided an option for Oracle RAC "Real Application Clusters“

computer-cluster database, as a replacement for the Oracle Parallel Server (OPS) option.

2001 (Cont’d)

Provides software for clustering and high availability

Allows multiple computers to run Oracle RDBMS software simultaneously while accessing a single database

Performance, scalability and resilience

Oracle RAC

Release Oracle Database 10g

Supported regular expressions

The g stands for "grid"

2003

Oracle Corporation announces Unbreakable Linux

Acquires i-flex

2006

Oracle 10g r2 sets a new world record TPC-H 3000 GB benchmark result

Oracle Corporation released Oracle Database 11g for Linux and for Microsoft Windows

2007

Oracle Corporation acquires BEA Systems

2008

Oracle Corporation acquires Sun Microsystems.

2010

Oracle Corporation acquires FatWire Software.

2011

Oracle Corporation acquires Endeca Technologies Inc.

2011 (Cont’d)

Rerelease Oracle Database 12c

For Linux, Solaris and Windows

The c stands for "cloud"

2013

12c Enterprise edition

12c Standard edition

12c Standard One edition

12c Personal edition

11g Express edition

Current Versions & Editions

Yahoo !

Amazon

LinkedIn (also use MySQL)

Oracle Famous Users

Ranking (www.db-engines.com)

Some Features

Cold Backup done with the database in a shutdown state provides a complete copy of the database

Hot Backup taken while the database is active can only give a read-consistent copy doesn't handle active transactions

Backup

C++: Oracle C++ Call Interface (OCCI)

Java: JDBC Driver (Customized)

.NET: ODP.NET (optimized ADO.NET for Oracle)

Python: cx_Oracle

Programming API

Oracle Multitenant

Increase Server Utilization

Manage Many Database as One

Backup Many Databases as One

Provision Databases Rapidly

Move Database Rapidly

Stores data in application tier main memory

No network latency or disk I/O

TimesTen In-Memory Database

Enables db applications to selectively cache critical subsets of tables into TimesTen In-Memory Database

In-Memory Database Cache

Installing Oracle Database

& Creating a Database

Oracle Universal Installer (OUI)

A graphical user interface utility that install new Oracle Database software

Installation

Installation

Creating new Database

Tools & Environments

The most basic Oracle Database utility

A Basic command-line interface

The first thing you work with it in Oracle DBMS

SQL Plus

SQL Plus

Set of web-based tools

Manage software and hardware produced by Oracle

HTTP or HTTPS

Oracle Enterprise Manager (OEM or EM)

Oracle Enterprise Manager (OEM or EM)

IDE for working with SQL in Oracle databases

Use Java Development Kit

Can connect to non-Oracle databases

works with IBM DB2, Microsoft SQL Server, MySQL, Sybase, …

SQL Developer

SQL Developer

SQL Developer