oral communication 10

8/3/2019 Oral Communication 10

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Oral Communication

By V P Bhagat



Oral Communication

Communication as a process of exchange of thoughts andideas, puts demands on speaker for attaining effectiveness.

This is true for oral as well as written communication, both ofwhich are expected to be purposeful and create an impact onthe listener.

Oral communication is as challenging as written communication.What makes written communication different from oral

communication is that it is permanent and forms a part ofdocumentation that can be referred to as and when required.

Both the forms of communication depend on the basic fulfillmentof the factors concerning the sender, i.e. the process ofencoding, the message, the channel, the receiver, the decoding

and the feedback.



Effective Oral Communication

Speaker’s roles of successful and effective communication:

Contents – One must make sure that all the information required hasbeen gathered and have been planned what one is going to speak in thecapacity of a speaker.

Audience - The more the speaker knows about the people to whom hewill be speaking, the more likely he will be able to tailor hiscommunication to meet the needs. The speaker’s communication should

be firmly directed to what his audience wishes to know and not just what

he wants to tell them.Adaptation – The speaker must adapt his communication according to

the size of his audience. The smaller the audience, the more flexible heshould be.

Clarifications – When in doubt, the communicator must ask before thepresentation, if he is unsure what to include and how long to make it.One should not assume or take chance.



Factors that Matter in Oral

Communication

1. Projection

2. Articulation3. Modulation

4. Pronunciation

5. Enunciation6. Repetition

7. Speed



1. Projection

An effective voice is not only clear but as loud asthe occasion and the listeners demand. When you

make a presentation to a group, ensure that you areheard even at the end of the room.

But in small group communications, it is necessaryto adjust to the level of the volume required.

A loud voice can be misunderstood as ‘anger’ or

‘rudeness’, and it can be a major point for

misunderstanding in a multicultural environment.



2. Articulation

It means speaking all the parts of a word carefully. Incorrect articulation occursbecause of carelessness on the part of the speakers. It involves:

Deletion – Is leaving off parts of a word. It is the most common mistake that occurs inarticulation. Youngsters are heard uttering words like going as ‘goin’, making as

‘makein’, doing as ’doin’. This type of deletion occurs with the ‘ing’ words.

Words ending with ‘th’ also are a problem with careless speakers. Words like with, myth,

birth, mirth and similar ones are spoken as ‘wit’, ‘myt’, ‘birt and so on.’ Not only the end

of words, but also the beginning of some words, is carelessly spoken. For example,that, this, there, those, are spoken as ‘dat’, ‘dis’, ‘dare’, ‘dose’.

Addition – Implies that extra parts are added to words like ‘ath-a-lete’ for athlete.Incentive becomes ‘incentative’, oriented becomes ‘orientated’. Words that are

needlessly added are to the beginning or end of words are ‘you know’, ‘like’, ‘right?’,

‘you see’?, etc. can be maddening.

Slurring - Is caused when speaker, in hurry, speaks two or more words at once. Thusexpressions like’ sort of’ become ‘sorta’, ‘kind of’ become ‘kinda’. In the American style

of speaking, one often hears ‘wana’ for want of and that is the way as ‘thatsway’ Manyspeaker use ‘verbal tics’ such as ‘eths’, ‘ums’, ‘errs’, to buy time to think and then speak.



3. Modulation

Modulation means the rise and fall in pitch andthis pattern of speaking makes the voice pleasant

interesting . If you do not vary the pitch, you willrisk being labeled as monotonous speaker.

Listener like a controlled pitch



4.Pronunciation

Pronunciation basically deals with the stress, non stress of consonantsand vowels and opening. and closing of the mouth.

Some of the prominent mispronounced words as spoken:

Snack is pronounced as ‘snake’ and many more words such as Hall,

Law, Wrapping, School, And love etc.

Similarly Speakers at conferences pronounce the words as given below:

Culture is pronounced as ‘kol-ture’- half closed vowel

First as ‘fairst’ - the front vowel is stretched long

Suggestions as ‘so-gesstions’ – half round vowel

Mechanism as ‘me- ka- nism’, alternative as ‘el-ternative and many otherwords like corporate, research, automobile etc

Some other words pronounced wrongly such as ‘atha-lete’ for athlete,

‘natcherly’ for naturally, etc..



5.Enunciation

Enunciation Means the care and

precision with which you use yourtongue jaw to produce clear speechsounds.

While consonants provide sharpness/ crispness to sounds, vowels addmelody and richness.



6.Repetition

The Key phrases are used with different

vocal emphasis for creating an impact onthe listeners.

By repeating you help the person to

assimilate the thoughts well.



7.Speed

The rate and timing of the words when you are actually speaking iscalled speed.

It is important to bear in mind that we do not speak words in sentencesat a stretch.

While commas are used in written communication, we use pauses topunctuate our thoughts.

If we try to speak very fast, we tend to slur and this amounts to loss ofinformation.

Poor speakers inadvertently amuse people with incorrectpronunciation.

Once you master the art of speaking clearly correctly, speaking thenbecomes an enjoyable experience.

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