organ reproduksi pada wanita

8/12/2019 Organ reproduksi pada wanita

1/40

FK UNIMUS BLOK4, 2013

dr.Afiana Rohmani


2/40


3/40

Menghasilkan gamet (oosit)

Menghasilkan hormon seksual

Memelihara oosit bila dibuahi


4/40

Menarche :

Menopause :


5/40

Lapisan :

Epitel germinativum

Tunika albuginemia

Korteks : folikel ovarium berkembang denganoositnya.

Medulla : vaskuler, ji


6/40

Intrauterin : 7juta oogonia, berhenti pada

tahap meiosis 2. (haploid)

sebagian atresia.

Pubertas : 300.000 oositovulasi, (siklus mens)

Menopause : sisa 8000 oosit

atresia


7/40

Folikel ovarium = oosit dikelilingi sel-sel

folikel

Perkembangan :

1. Fol primordial2. Fol unilaminer

3. Fol multilaminer

4. Fol sekunder


8/40

Atas rangsangan hrmn FSH

Fol primer :

Fol unilaminer :sel-sel folikel mitosis

1lapis Fol multilaminer : pmbntukan zona pelucida

(glikoprotein) ,menglilingi oosit.


9/40

Fol sekunder : sel-sel folikel tambah banyak /tebal.

Muncul celah2 cairan ,menyatu = antrum.

Sel-sel folikel yg mngelilingi oosit =corona radiata

Stroma d sekitar folikel mbntuk teka.

Teka = pnghasil hormon steroid (androstenedion).

Steroid estrogen, (ats pengaruh FSH)


10/40


11/40


12/40

1 sklus haid = 1 folikel matang,

= folikel de graff.

Yang lain atresia.

Proses dr fol primordial mjd fol matang =90hari.


13/40

- The hilus of the ovaryis where all the nerves andvessels enter the organ. The medulla contains loose

connective tissue, abundant blood vessels and

lymphatics, and nerves. The numbers in the top left

panel indicate the stages of follicular development.

- The surface epithelium of the ovary (bottom left) is

called the mesothelium, which sits on the tunica

albuginea. Note the appearance of primordial follicles

within the outer cortex.

- The oocytecontinues to grow at the same time

follicularor granulosa epithelial cellscontinue to

divide and form multiple layers (multilaminar), as shown

in the bottom right).


14/40

- The top panel shows a primary follicle. The

multilayered granulosa cells secrete a glycoprotein and

proteoglycan rich fluid that accumulates in the spaces

between the cells.

- Note how the granulosa cells are separated by the

surrounding stromal or thecae by a distinct basementmembrane (arrows).

- The oocyte is surrounded by a prominent glycoprotein

coat called the zona pellucida(ZP).

- With further development, there is a single fluid-filled

space called an antrum. This is characteristic of a

secondary follicle(bottom panel).

- The oocyte is supported by a mound of granulosa

cells called the cumulus oophorus. The oocyte is still

surrounded by the zona pellucida, and outside the zonapellucida are some granulosa cells that may

accompany the oocyte when it is ovulated. This layer of

granulosa cells outside the zona pellucida is known as

the corona radiata.

- The thecal cells also continue to differentiate into

theca interna and externa cells with specialized

functions, as shown in the next slide.

Th t l th i t ll (t l ft) li


15/40

- The stromal theca internacells (top left) lie

immediately outside the granulosa cells, separated by

the basement membrane. The theca interna cells are

larger and paler staining than regular stromal cells or

the surrounding theca externacells. The interna cells

produce steroid precursors that are converted to

estrogen by the granulosa cells.

- If the ovum is fertilized and implanted in the uterus,

the mature follicle converts into the corpus luteum

(bottom left; CL), or yellow body. It acts as an endocrine

organ that secretes progesterone. Note the formation of

inner granulosa lutein and outer theca lutein cells.

- The bottom right panel compares the granulosa lutein

cells (GLC) with the theca lutein cells (TLC).


16/40

- If the ovum is not fertilized, it is expelled from theuterus with menstruation. The corpus luteum

degenerates and forms the corpus albicans(top

panel), or white body. There are dense accumulations

of collagen, which looks like a scar.

- The corpus albicans is also formed during the laterhalf of pregnancy after the placenta takes over the role

of steroid (progesterone) secretion from the corpus

luteum.


17/40

Dinding folikel matangoosit keluar.

Oosit kluar dibungkus zona pelucida, corona

radiata, sdikit cairan folikel.

Mnetap di tuba uterina (24jam)


18/40

Setelah ovulasi, sel-sel folikel dan teka

membentuk kelenjar endokrin =

corpus Luteum

Msekresi progesteron &estrogen (ataspengeruh LH), slama +/- 10hari.


19/40

Jika tdk hamilCL brdegenerasi,

progesteron turun, mjadi corpus albicans.

Estrogen turun FSH naik folikel

brkembang lagi. Jika hamilHCG mngambil alih LH.

Progesteron tetap nail


20/40

- In the following slides, we will conclude by

looking at the ovary and going through the

various stages of the development of the

ovum and follicle.

- Shown to the right is a schematic of the

oval cycle. Unlike the male testis, thefemale ovary already contains all of its

oocytes at birth.

- Primordial follicles develop into primary

follicles, followed by mature Graafian

follicles. When the follicle ruptures, it

releases the ovum to travel through the

fallopian tubes to the uterus. The folliclecontinues to develop into the corpus luteum

and cor us albicans.


21/40

1. Mukosa = lipatan2 panjang, terut ampula.

Epitel kolumner bersilia

sekretorik

2. Muskular tebal3. Serosa = peritoneum viseral

- The uterine or fallopian tubes or oviduct contain


22/40

- The uterineor fallopian tubes, or oviduct, contain

complex mucosal folds with distinct ciliated columnar

epithelium. The ampulla(top left) shows the oviduct in

low power. In the inset, small arrows point to ciliated

cells, while arrowheads point to bulging, non-ciliated

secretory (peg) cells.

- The funnel-shaped opening called the infundibulum

contains many finger-like projections called fimbriae

(bottom left). During ovulation, the fimbriae get close to

the ovary and help to sweep the ovum that is released

into the abdominal cavity.

- As the oviduct approaches the uterus, the mucosal

folds become less complex. The uterineor interstitial

portion(bottom right) contains a relatively simple

lumen and columnar epithelium.


23/40

3 lapisan :

1. Endometrium : lap mukosa

2. Miometrium : lap otot tebal

3. Perimetrium : lap serosa /ji


24/40

Lamina propria yg mngandung kelenjar

tubuler.

Epitel sekretorik = epitel pelapisnya

2 lapisan :1. Lapisan basal = di bawahnya lap fungsional

, relatif stabil

2. Lapisan fungsional = lap yg mngalami perub

siklus haid.


25/40

Ats pengaruh hormon estrogen.

Kelenjar brbentuk tabung lurus, dengan

lumen sempit.

Akhir fase : tebal endometrium 2-3mm.


26/40

- Theuterusis divided into endometrial (E), myometrial

(M), and perimetrial (P) layers (top left). The

endometriumprepares for implantation of an ovum by

cycling through proliferative and secretory phases. Itcan be divided into the basal and functional layers. The

basal layer remains relatively unchanged through the

cycles.

- The proliferative phase(bottom) is characterized by

long, relatively straight endometrial glands, as indicated

by the arrows.

-


27/40

Dmulai setelah ovulasi. Ats pngaruh hormon

progesteron dr CL.

Kelenjar brkelok-kelok, timbunan glikogen di

bawah epitel kelenjar. Tebal endometrium 5mm. Akumulasi sekret.


28/40

- The most characteristic change in the secretory

phaseof the endometrium is the saw-tooth or

serrated appearance of the glands (top left).

- The serrated endometrial glands are magnified . Notethe abundance of coiled or spiral arteries that supply

the entire functional endometrium. The secretory cells

are also shorter with rounder nuclei than those during

the proliferative phase.

- During menstruation, the endometrial surface

epithelium undergoes ischemia, which weakens the

vascular walls resulting in hemorrhage.


29/40

Lapisan fungsional nekrosis, terlepas, sisa

endometrium mengkerut.


30/40

- Thecervix uteriis shown in threedifferent magnifications in the top panel.

The red arrows point to the junction and

change in epithelium, from the co lumnar

epithel iumof the cervical canal to the

strat i f ied squamo us epithel ium of the

vagina.

- This is known as the strato-columnar

junction, and earliest signs indicative of

cervical cancer occur at this junction.

- The cervical canal contains complex folds

that resemble glands. The epithelium

contains simple, tall columnar mucus-

secreting epithelial cells.

- The cervix also contains much smooth

muscle and dense connective tissue.


31/40

Lapisan :

1. Mukosa

2. Muskularis

3. AdventitiaMukosa :

epitel squamus komplek 150 m(tebal)

Sintesis glikogen (atas pengaruh estrogen)

Bakteri mrubah glikogen mjd asam laktat (pHrendah)


32/40

Lap. Muskularis:

Lapisan longitudinal +sirkuler

Lap. Adventitia :

Ji padat , kaya serat elastin tebal.


33/40

- The vaginawall contains abundantconnective tissue with large amounts of

elastin. There is also a thick muscular layer

(bracket in top panel). The inset shows the

muscular layer in more detail, with

longitudinal and circular smooth musclelayers.

- The adventitia contains large nerves and

arteries that blend with the connective

tissue of the pelvis.

- The vaginal epithelium (bottom panel) is

covered with non -kerat inized strat if ied

squamous ep i the l ium that contain

abundant glycogen in the cytoplasm. The

glycogen is released into the vaginal lumen,

where bacterial action produces lactic acid

to acidify the mucosa and protect it.

- The arrows indicate surface cells that can

be collected for Pap smears to provide

information on hormonal status and any

abnormalities.


34/40

Lobus-lobus kelenjar tubuloalveolar

Tiap lobus dipisahkan ji &jar lemak.

Lobusduktus interlobularisduktus

laktiferussinus laktiferusMuara papillamammae.

Masa ovulasi =estrogen mningkat

proliferasi sel duktus mammae kencang.


35/40


36/40

Proliferasi alveoli di ujung duktus.

Alveoli = sel-sel epitel kelenjar, ada

mioepitel di skitarnya.

Masa laktasi : Susu diproduksi sel epitel alveoli, ngumpul di

dalam lumennya dan di dalam duktus.

Ji skeliling alveoli banyak sel limfosit dan sel

plasmamsekresi IgA.


37/40

Mammae laktasi


38/40


39/40


40/40

Smoga sukses

organ reproduksi pada wanita

Documents