organ systems: the respiratory system
TRANSCRIPT
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ORGAN SYSTEMS:The Respiratory System
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Respiratory SystemMain Function:
�Responsible for the body’s gas exchange, bringing oxygen into the body and getting rid of carbon dioxide.
Respiratory Intro Video
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Respiratory System• Responsible for the body’s gas exchange, bringing oxygeninto the body and getting rid of carbon dioxide• Connected to circulatory system – need to work together
Nasal cavity
Pharynx
Epiglottis
Larynx
Trachea
Bronchus
Right Lung
Bronchiole
DiaphragmLeft Lung
Larynx — also known as the voice box, the larynx is a cylindrical grouping of cartilages, muscles and soft tissue that contains the vocal cords. The larynx is the upper opening into the windpipe (trachea), the passageway to the lungs. Epiglottis — a flap of soft tissue and cartilage located just above the vocal cords.
Bronchi are the main passageway into the lungs. ... The bronchi become smaller the closer they get to the lung tissue and are then considered bronchioles. These passageways then evolve into tiny air sacs called alveoli, which is the site of oxygen and carbon dioxide exchange in the respiratory system.
Bronchi are plural for bronchus and represent the passageways leading into the lungs.
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• Alveoli• tiny air sacs surrounded by capillaries where gas exchange occurs• oxygen goes from alveoli into blood when you inhale• carbon dioxide from blood goes into alveoli and is released from the body when you exhale• red blood cells contain protein called hemoglobin which attaches to oxygen molecules• Hemoglobin in deoxygenated red blood cells causes them to pick up oxygen when they pass by alveoli
�Gas exchange occurs between capillaries and tiny sacs called alveoli, which are found at the ends of the bronchioles.
to pulmonary vein
from pulmonary artery
bronchiolescapillaries
alveolus
alveoli
CO2
O2
alveolarsac
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• Lung Structure
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• Smoking is BAD!!!• damages the cilia, preventing them from sweeping foreign particles out of cells in respiratory system• filled with over 4000 chemicals (40 are known carcinogens)• has over 1000 times the level of carbon monoxide that is known to be harmful to human health• contains tar which accumulates in lungs – causes respiratory problems
Smoking Video Explained
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Circulatory SystemMain Functions:
�Picks up and transports nutrients and oxygen to cells.�Carries wastes to the organs responsible for eliminating them from the body.
Main Components:�Heart�Blood vessels (arteries, veins, capillaries)�Blood
Intro Link
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Closer Look at the Heart:
Video Nat Geo
•Flow of Blood Through Heart–Two separate paths through which blood circulates
1)Deoxygenated blood from body enters: i) Right Atrium ii) Right Ventricle iii) Pulmonary Artery iv) Lungs
2) Oxygenated blood from lungs enters: i) Left Atrium ii) Left Ventricle iii) Aorta (huge artery) iv) Body
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Blood Flow in the Heart:Deoxygenated blood from upper body
Deoxygenated blood from lower body
To right lung To left lung
Oxygenated blood from right lung
Oxygenated blood to upper body
Oxygenated blood to lower body
Oxygenated blood from left lung
Arteries and veins are types of blood vessels that transport blood around the body. Arteries carry blood away from the heart, while veins return it.
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At the tissue cells in organs throughout the body
arteriole venule
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Blood Flow Through the Body:
At the tissue cells in organs throughout the body
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A Closer Look at Blood Vessels
Arteries•Carry blood away from the heart•Have thick walls to withstand high blood pressure
Veins•Carry blood towards the heart•Thinner walls than arteries – at lower blood pressure• have one way valves to prevent backflow
Capillaries•One cell thick•Site of exchange (nutrients, gases)•Close contact with the tissues in organs throughout the body
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•Causes of Heart Disease •Hypertension (high blood pressure)•Arteriosclerosis (thickening of artery walls)
–Accumulation of cholesterol or other fatty substances (plaque) restricts blood flow through arteries
•Both can cause the formation of blood clots•Heart Attack will occur if a blood clot breaks free & flows to a coronary artery & blocks a blood vessel •Stroke will occur if a clot reaches the brain and blocks a vessel, depriving the brain of oxygen
•Angioplasty – a surgery that uses a balloon or laser to open clogged arteries
Stroke Explanation Heart Attack Explanation
Angioplasty Link
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Heart Beat Electrical Signal Video
Medical Video Heart Attack