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Presentation By

Mrs. C. Jothi Sophia, M.Sc(N), Ph.D

Principal, CSI JACON, Madurai

CORRELATION OF THEORY & PRACTICE IN NURSING EDUCATION

• ORGANIZATION OF LEARNING EXPERIENCE

• IN TEACHING

• IN CLINICAL EXPERIENCE

• PLACEMENT• INTEGRATION• TEACHING SYSTEM• PATTERNS OF CURRICULUM

Organization of Learning Experience

Course Content• The content of Nursing Curriculum

• Foundation Content• Nursing related Content

• Basic Sciences• Physics• Chemistry• Sociology• Anatomy & Physiology

• Professional Understanding• Professional Adjustment• Trends & Issues• Communication• Administration• History of Nursing

• Nursing Sciences• Nursing Principles• Medical• Paediatrics

• Humanities ( 16.5 %)• Administration• Communication• Psycho• Counseling• Trends & Issues

• Behavioural Sciences ( 16.5 %)• Sociology• Psychology

• Biological Sciences ( 16.5 %)• Physics• Chemistry• Anatomy & Physiology

• Nursing Subjects ( 50%)

Distribution of Contents

Placement :-

Total subject as well as practical experience must be placed in such a way by utilizing the educational Psychology distributed to all four years, is called as placement.

• Criteria for organizing Learning Experience

1. Continuity2. Sequence3. Integration

Continuity :-The vertical organization of Learning Experience refers to the

relationship existing between different levels of the same subjects.

Principles of Nursing in Nursing Principles

Application of Nursing Process in Nursing Principles

Application of Nursing Process in Speciality

Application of Nursing Process in Paediatric Nursing

Application of Nursing Process in Psychiatric Nursing

Sequence :-Each successive experience not only is built

upon the last one but also goes more deeply and broadly into the subject. It emphasizes on higher levels of understanding.– Simple to Complex– Easy to Tuff– Known to Unknown– Normal to Abnormal

Eg. Psychology – PsychiatrySociology - Community

Three levels of Sequence• Logical Order• Chronological Order• Difficulty

Logical Order : It is based on concepts or principles of primacy. (Eg.) Trends in

Nsg, Biochemistry

Chronological Order : It places events in successions in terms of

time in which they occur. (Eg.)History of Nsg

Difficulty :- Lessons are arranged in such a way as simple to complex

Integration :-Integration is each successful experience not only is built upon

the last one goes in deep. Wholeness, Harmony & related as very essential

Unified Meaningful Whole (Eg.)

Food Administration (Bio Chemistry)

Functions of Digestive System ( Anatomy)

Principles of Nutrition (Nutrition)

Pharma related to GI (Pharmacology)

Condition affected (GIT)

Organization of Learning Experience

Clinical Area : Master Rotation Plan

Clinical Rotation Plan

• Class Room Teaching Block Course Outline

Study Day System Unit Plan

Daily Class Lesson Plan

Organization : Clinical ExperiencePrinciples :-

1. Each block of Learning Experience being used in the rotation should be of the same rotation through ( No.of days)

2. Each students must rotate to each block

3. No block can be missed by students

4. All students should be enter and leave the block at the time scheduled.

5. Each block of experience can be further sub divided so that the students can be rotated through the related experience

6. A block may consist of 2 or 3 unrelated experience which have been fitted in to make up the length of block to facilitate rotation.

Teaching System

Three common methods are used in Teaching System.

1. Teaching Block– Full Block

– Partial Block

2. Study Day System

3. Daily Classes

Partial Block System :It is a modified Teaching Block in which the students are in Teaching Block in the morning and go to the clinical areas in the afternoon.

Teaching Block :-

The Teaching Block is the Block Class of total Block System in the teaching Block. Student was withdrawn from the clinical areas. During this time they follow a planned programme in the school and attend the clinical area after once completing their subject.

Advantages :

a) The students are freed from ward responsibilities while having a concentrated period of instruction.

b) Classes can conveniently be given to the whole group

c) Curriculum Planning is facilitated and the planning of co-related teaching made easier

d) Students can have uninterrupted periods of Clinical Experience.

e) Ward administration is made easier when students do not have to leave the ward daily to attend classes.

a) Attention is drawn to the educational status of the students although she does not necessarily spend any less time on the wards.

Study Day System :

The study day system is literally a complete day spend by the students in a week.

(Eg.) The students those who go for the clinical experience in all days except Monday & Friday. These days are called as study day.

(Eg.) The Midwifery students (8th Sem.) will be much benefited in the semester. There are 5 months

(5x4 = 20 weeks). They will get 20 study days. (20 x 8 Hrs = 160 Hrs). 160 hours classes can be

given throughout the semester to fulfill their theory requirement.

Advantages :-

1. The teacher have contact with the student all throughout the semester

2. All the students can clarify the doubt when come for study days

Daily Classes :-

If neither of the above two system is used the third possibility is holding single classes daily or several times per week. During the first and second years frequents scheduling of classes will be required to cover the Curriculum and problems sometimes wise when a number of students have to be relieved on time from different wards . However when the schedules are planned with a view to service needs and normal ward routine it is possible to arrange times which are reasonably convenient to the ward the school and the student. Daily classes will still be necessary.

Now and then during the course even the other systems are operating but will not be needed so frequently.

PATTERNS OF CURRICULUM

In different patterns of curriculum

1. Swap block

2. Progressive block

3. Concept block

Progressive Block

POSTINGS Group I

MedicalM.Ward M.op

1 2 M.Oncol. M.Mico

3 4

Group II

SurgicalS.Ward S.OT

5 6 S.OP S.ICU P.Op

7 8 9

Group III

Psy-Specia.

P.OP Com.Psy E.ENT

10 11 12

Derm OG

13 14

Progressive Block :In this pattern of Curriculum students are divided

into 3 major groups and they are rotated into different areas of learning experience.

(eg.) V semester students :I group will be in Medical AreaII group will be in Surgical AreaIII group will be in Psychiatry & Speciality

I group after finishing their postings will get exchange with II group and then with III group,

With in a particular level all the students will expose to all the areas

421 3

865 7

Group I

Group II

Swap Block

Swap Block :This pattern of curriculum is most in VI semester students.

They are divided intoI – PaediatricsII – Community

In the Paediatric area they will be further divided into smaller groups to complete Paed.Med, Paed.Sur, NICU,Communicable Ward and so on. In Community Survey,Immunization Camps, Family visits, School health, PHC Visits etc.,

They get inter exchange after completing the specific needed hours, in each small blocks.

Concept Clock :This pattern of curriculum is used in PG(M.Sc) nursing

students. They are being posted in different wards so as to fulfill deepest understanding of the concept rather than specific condition.

Usually useful in posting the post graduate nursing students.

THANK U…