ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOR

UNIT 6

MT 302

STRESS – THE BODY’S NONSPECIFIC RESPONSE TO ANY DEMAND

STRESSOR – ANYTHING THAT PRODUCES A DEMAND ON AN ORGANISM

Stress Source and Management

EUSTRESS—BENEFICIAL STRESS.

DISTRESS—HARMFUL OR DISEASE-PRODUCING STRESS.

Stress Source and Management

PHYSICAL DISTRESS —HARMFUL STRESS FROM POSSIBLE OR ACTUAL BODILY INJURY.

MENTAL DISTRESS —HARMFUL STRESS FROM PSYCHOLOGICAL PRESSURE.

Stress Source and Management

PHYSICAL EUSTRESS —BENEFICIAL STRESS RESULTING FROM ACTIVITY SUCH AS EXERCISE.

MENTAL EUSTRESS —BENEFICIAL STRESS FROM MENTAL ACTIVITY OR THOUGHT.

Stress Source and Management

FIGHT RESPONSE —THE BODY’S COMBATIVE DEFENSE; PREPARATION TO DEFEND ONESELF.

CATATOXIC REACTION —CHOOSING A FIGHT RESPONSE TO DISTRESS

Stress Source and Management

Body’s Response

FLIGHT RESPONSE —THE BODY’S ESCAPIST DEFENSE RESPONSE; PREPARATION TO FLEE.

SYNTOXIC RESPONSE —CHOOSING A FLIGHT RESPONSE; CHOOSING NOT TO BECOME UPSET DUE TO STRESS.

Stress Source and Management

Body’s Response

QUANTITATIVE DEMAND DISTRESS —PRODUCED FROM THE WORK DEMANDED, THE TIME ALLOTTED TO COMPLETE WORK, REPETITION, OR THE AMOUNT OF CONCENTRATION REQUIRED.

QUALITATIVE DEMAND DISTRESS —CAUSED BY A MISMATCH BETWEEN AN INDIVIDUAL AND HIS OR HER JOB CONTENT.

Stress Source and Management

Causes of Stress

WORK PACE CONTROL DISTRESS —CAUSED BY A WORKER’S LACK OF CONTROL OVER THE PACE OF WORK.

PARTICIPATION DISTRESS —CAUSED BY A LACK OF PARTICIPATION FOR WORKERS WHO WISH TO CONTRIBUTE TO THE SOCIAL OR WORKING ENVIRONMENT.CONT

Stress Source and Management

Causes of Stress

WORK SHIFT DISTRESS —PHYSICAL OR MENTAL DISTRESS, OR BOTH, CAUSED BY ANY FAILURE TO ADJUST TO A WORK SHIFT.WORK ROLE DISTRESS —CAUSED BY WORK ROLE AMBIGUITY OR ROLE CONFLICT.CHRONIC STRESS —LONG-TERM STRESS.

Stress Source and Management

Causes of Stress

Stress Source and Management

Reactions to Stress

YIELD POINT —THE FIRST STRESS STAGE THAT REVEALS ITSELF AS A SLIGHT CHANGE FROM “NORMAL” BEHAVIOR.

ELASTIC LIMIT —A WARNING STAGE THAT WE ARE NEAR OUR THRESHOLD.

RUPTURE POINT —IF STRESS IS NOT MANAGED, A STRESS REACTION THAT CAN CAUSE SEVERE AND PERMANENT DAMAGE CAN OCCUR.

Stress Source and Management

Three Stages of Stress

THE FEELING OF INSECURITY AND DISSATISFACTION ARISING FROM UNRESOLVED PROBLEMS OR UNSATISFIED NEEDS AND WANTS.

ADJUSTIVE REACTION —DEFENSE MECHANISM PEOPLE EMPLOY AS AN ATTEMPT TO COPE WITH STRESS. THERE ARE NINE TYPES OF ADJUSTIVE REACTIONS TO FRUSTRATION.

Stress Source and ManagementFrustration

RATIONALIZATION—GIVING PLAUSIBLE, BUT NOT NECESSARILY TRUE, EXPLANATIONS FOR SPECIFIC AND OFTEN UNDESIRABLE BEHAVIOR.

COMPENSATION —THE EXERTION OF EXTRA EFFORT IN AN ATTEMPT TO OVERCOME A DEFICIENCY.

NEGATIVISM —THE SUBCONSCIOUS RESISTANCE TO OTHER PEOPLE OR OBJECTS.

RESIGNATION —THE STATE OF GIVING UP OR WITHDRAWING FROM ONE’S INVOLVEMENT WITH A PARTICULAR SITUATION.

Stress Source and Management

Reactions to Frustration

REPRESSION —UNKNOWINGLY EXCLUDING CERTAIN EXPERIENCES OR FEELINGS FROM ONE’S CONSCIOUSNESS.

PSEUDOSTUPIDITY—INTENTIONALLY FORGETTING SOMETHING AS A MEANS OF AVOIDING IT.

OBSESSIVE THINKING —ENLARGING PROBLEMS OUT OF ALL REALISTIC PROPORTION.

DISPLACEMENT —THE PSYCHOLOGICAL PROCESS OF REDIRECTING PENT-UP FEELINGS TOWARD OBJECTS OTHER THAN THE MAIN SOURCE OF THE FRUSTRATION.

CONVERSION—A PSYCHOLOGICAL PROCESS WHEREBY EMOTIONAL FRUSTRATIONS ARE EXPRESSED IN BODILY SYMPTOMS OF PAIN OR MALFUNCTION.

Stress Source and Management

Reactions to Frustration

Stress Source and ManagementReactions to Frustration

BurnoutThe complete exhausting of a person’s physical

and intellectual resources caused by excessive efforts to attain certain unrealistic job-related goals.

ReactionsSubstance Abuse

DrinkingDrugs

Stress Management Guidelines

Balance work and leisure.Learn how to unwind and relax.Learn when and how to say no.Find some alone time.Enjoy friends.Make an effort to smile.Get proper rest.Take vacations.Take “get-away” weekends