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Steffen StaabISWeb – Lecture „Semantic Web“

Semantic Web

Prof. Dr. Steffen StaabDipl.-Med.Inf. Bernhard Tausch


Organizational IssuesContact:[email protected]@uni-koblenz.deSend mail to arrange for consultation

Web site: http://www.uni-koblenz.de/~staab/lehre/ss05/sw/

BSCW: http://bscw.uni-koblenz.de/bscw/bscw.cgi/0/396243

(get an invitation in the first excercise)


General ScheduleLectureThursdays 10.15 MK 208Fridays 10.15 MK208

ExcercisesTuesdays 14.15 MK107 Beware of earlier false announcements regarding the room

for the excercises!

Check concrete schedule on the web site for details!


Semantic Web

What is the Semantic Web?


Information Convergence• Convergence not just in devices, also in “information”

– Your personal information (phone, PDA,…)Calendar, photo, home page, files…

– Your “professional” life (laptop, desktop, … Grid)Web site, publications, files, databases, …

– Your “community” contexts (Web)Hobbies, blogs, fanfic, social networks…

• The Web teaches us that people will work to share– How do we CREATE, SEARCH, and BROWSE in

the non-text based parts of our lives?


Syntax is not enough

RAFAEL

• Tel1

• E-Mail


Syntax is not enough – B2B

<Order><Amount>500</Amount><Item>Schekel</Item>.....

</Order>

?Steffen Staab

ISWeb – Lecture „Semantic Web“

The Semantic Wave

(Berners-Lee, 03)

YOUARE

HERE


Now.• RDF, RDFS and OWL are ready for prime time

– Designs are stable, implementations maturing• Major Research investment translating into

application development and commercial spinoffs– Adobe 6.0 embraces RDF– IBM releases tools, data and partnering– HP extending Jena to OWL– OWL Engines by Ontoprise GmbH, Network Inference,

Racer GmbH– Proprietary OWL ontologies for vertical markets

• c.f. pharmacology, HMO/health care, ... Soft drinks

– Several new starts in SW spaceSteffen Staab


Now: huge potential• Data integration identified as $100Bs world-

wide market– with significant govt interest creating a user-pull

• Ontology development efforts, in OWL, aimed at information mgt ongoing in US govt include– NIST, NLM, EPA, DHS, DoD, DOJ, FDA, NIH, USGS, NOAA

• Huge potential follow-on market - EAI for the small business– making external data and info resources integrable

• Could do for integration what Visicalc (excel) did for report generation


Now: Tools for tool builders

• Like the pre-MOSAIC WWW…• …but, it is much easier to get started than it was

even a year ago,– Parsers, APIs, triple-stores

• http://www.daml.org/tools• http://www.w3.org/RDF

– End to end no longer takes a “miracle”• “Building the Semantic Web in one day” (BSCW)

• End user tools just starting to emerge– “Metaphors” growing


Tools for markup...

PhotoStuff Demo


Not tied to specific domains



M-OntoMat is publicly available http://acemedia.org/aceMedia/results/software/m-ontomat-annotizer.html

Shape erasure

Shape Color selection

Visual Descriptor selection

Draw panel

Descriptor extraction

Shape selection

VDE plug-in launch

Domain Ontology Browser Selected

region

Save Prototype Instances



Photo from Grecia


OntoWeb Community

AnnotatedWeb PagesGenerated

Content Objects

Participating Site2

{ }

Participating Siten

{ }

Participating Site1

{ }

...

OntologyBrowse & Query

Front End

ContentSyndication

Service

http://www.ontoweb.org

Semantic Web Application Portal[CRIS 2002]








Shared calendars


Calendar + photos + …


Social networks:e.g. Friend of a Friend (FOAF)

• Say stuff about yourself (or others) in OWL files, link to who you “know”

Estimates of the number of Foaf users range from 2M-5M


Using FOAF in other contexts

http://trust.mindswap.org

Jennifer GolbeckSteffen Staab


Coming sooner than you may think…


… and this…


…and this?


Emerging:Semantic Web Services

Information management capabilitiesDiscovery, Filtering, Composition Steffen Staab


Semantics and servicesinput xsd:complex=”oncogene”

output xsd:complex=”RiskType”

Oncogene(MYC):Found_In_Organism(Human).Gene_Has_Function(Transcriptional_Regulation).Gene_Has_Function(Gene_Transcription).In_Chromosomal_Location(8q24).Gene_Associated_With_Disease(Burkitts_Lymphoma).

<owl:Class rdf:about="http://annotation.semanticweb.org/iswc/iswc.daml#RiskIndicator"><rdfs:subClassOf>

<owl:Restriction><owl:onProperty rdf:resource="http://annotation.semanticweb.org/iswc/iswc.daml#name"/><owl:allValuesFrom rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/2000/10/XMLSchema#string"/>

</owl:Restriction></rdfs:subClassOf>

</:Class>

OWL-S grounding (coming to WSDL 2.0)


Get a B&N price (In Euros)


Of a particular book


In its German edition?



Later: Automated composition


Longer term?: Adding Proof


The “Policy Aware Web”


Conclusion• The Semantic Web is here

– The question isn’t if, but “how much”

• Semantic Web technologies have a promising future and an exciting potential– The business case is emerging

• Enterprise integration on the Web

• Database, image, and services as 1st class Web citizens

• Portal technology “in the small”

– The future feed is exciting • Rules and Proof -> “Policy Aware” Web


Semantic Web

Core Building Blocks from 10,000 feet


Why XML is not enough - SkillDB Example

<skill-database><people><Person>

<name>Markus</name><knowHow>SGML</knowHow>

</Person><Hacker>

<name>Jürgen</name><pgp>CB FC A8 17</pgp><knowHow>SGML</knowHow><knowHow>Java</knowHow>

</Hacker><Person name=”Rainer”>

<knowHow>Mike</knowHow></Person>

</people>

<seminars><Seminar topic="SGML"

id="SGML-19990808">

<attendant><name>Dieter</name><name>Robert</name><name>Rainer</name></attendant>

</Seminar></seminars></skill-database>


Give me all persons!

XQL: //person/name

Returns only „ <name>Markus</name>“!


Give me all persons!<skill-database><people><Person>


</Person><Hacker>




</people>


id="SGML-19990808">




What is missing?

• Hackers are persons.

• Seminar attendants are persons.

• There may be syntactic variations that aresemantically equally valid.


Give me all people knowledgable about SGML!

XQL: //person[knowhow=SGML]/name

Returns only „ <name>Markus</name>“!


Give me all people knowledgable about SGML!

<skill-database><people><Person>


</Person><Hacker>




</people>


id="SGML-19990808">




XML is an important basis, butnot enough

XML at the syntax layer!

Build on top!


(One) Layer Model of theSemantic Web


Some Principal Ideas

• URI – uniform resource identifiers• XML – common syntax• Interlinked• Layers of semantics –

from database to knowledge base to proofs

Design principles of WWW applied to Semantics!!

Tim Berners-Lee, Weaving

the Web


Knowledge in Linked Tables


Knowledge in SuperimposedGraphs


The Semantic Web

EmployeeEmployee

PostDocPostDoc ProfessorProfessor

PersonPerson

rdfs:subClass rdfs:subClass

rdfs:subClass

cooperatesWithcooperatesWith

rdfs:Rangerdfs:DomainOntology

<swrc:Professorrdf:ID="person_sst">

<swrc:name>Steffen Staab</swrc:name>

...</swrc:Professor>

http://www.aifb.uni-karlsruhe.de/WBS/sst

rdf:typerdf:type

Meta-data

<swrc:PostDoc rdf:ID="person_sha"><swrc:name>Siegfried Handschuh</swrc:name>

...</swrc:PostDoc>

Webpage

http://www.aifb.uni-karlsruhe.de/WBS/shaURL

<swrc:cooperatesWith rdf:resource = "http://www.uni-koblenz.de/~staab

#person_sst"/>

swrc:cooperatesWith

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