Organizing the periodic Organizing the periodic tabletable

Understanding the elements begins with Understanding the elements begins with knowing how to read the periodic table.knowing how to read the periodic table.

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The Periodic TableThe Periodic Table

Began with MendeleevBegan with Mendeleev’’s s Periodic Table of 63 Periodic Table of 63 elements.elements.

He noticed when the table He noticed when the table was arranged in order of was arranged in order of atomic mass, a pattern of atomic mass, a pattern of properties became evident.properties became evident.

The modern periodic table The modern periodic table has over 100 elements has over 100 elements continues to grow.continues to grow.

The modern periodic tableThe modern periodic table

The periodic table The periodic table which is used today which is used today is arranged in such is arranged in such a way that a way that properties of an properties of an element can be element can be predicted based on predicted based on their location in the their location in the table.table.

How is the periodic table arranged?How is the periodic table arranged?The periodic table is The periodic table is arranged in horizontal rows arranged in horizontal rows called periods.called periods.

The row, or the period is The row, or the period is always read from left to right always read from left to right the same fashion as a book.the same fashion as a book.

There are seven periods There are seven periods found in the periodic table.found in the periodic table.

The first horizontal row is The first horizontal row is called period 1, and contains called period 1, and contains two elements (atoms).two elements (atoms).

The two atoms in period 1 The two atoms in period 1 are Hydrogen and Helium.are Hydrogen and Helium.

How do atoms progress across the How do atoms progress across the periodic table?periodic table?

The table is arranged The table is arranged so that properties of so that properties of elements change as elements change as the table is read from the table is read from left to right.left to right.

Metals are on the left Metals are on the left side of the table and side of the table and the most reactive the most reactive metals are on the far metals are on the far left.left.

The right side of the Periodic TableThe right side of the Periodic Table

The right side of the The right side of the periodic table is filled periodic table is filled with non metals, and with non metals, and the far right side of the far right side of the periodic table is the periodic table is filled with inert gases.filled with inert gases.

The majority of the The majority of the gases are found on gases are found on the right side of the the right side of the table.table.

What is in the middle of the What is in the middle of the Periodic TablePeriodic Table

The middle of the periodic The middle of the periodic table is filled with a group table is filled with a group known as known as ““semimetalssemimetals””..

The semimetals are a list The semimetals are a list of several elements which of several elements which have the some of the have the some of the characteristics of metals, characteristics of metals, but also have other but also have other important characteristics important characteristics which are not found in which are not found in metals. These elements metals. These elements can be used for many can be used for many things.things.

What is on the left side of the What is on the left side of the Periodic TablePeriodic Table

The left side of the The left side of the table is a number of table is a number of elements which react elements which react violently with water. violently with water. The majority of the The majority of the known molecules and known molecules and proteins in the human proteins in the human body consist of body consist of theses atoms.theses atoms.

PeriodsPeriodsPeriods are rows Periods are rows which go across the which go across the table from left to right.table from left to right.

As the table is read As the table is read from left to right the from left to right the weight of the atom weight of the atom increases. The lightest increases. The lightest atom is Hydrogen, the atom is Hydrogen, the heaviest is heaviest is Ununoctium, atomic Ununoctium, atomic number 118.number 118.

GroupsGroupsThe vertical columns of the The vertical columns of the periodic table are known as a periodic table are known as a group.group.

Another name for each group is a Another name for each group is a ““familyfamily””..

Each group is filled with atoms Each group is filled with atoms which have similar characteristics.which have similar characteristics.

There are eighteen groups in the There are eighteen groups in the periodic table.periodic table.

The lanthanides and actinides do The lanthanides and actinides do not fit in the periodic table not fit in the periodic table because the table would be far to because the table would be far to wide and are not given a group.wide and are not given a group.

Reading the data on the tableReading the data on the tableIn the periodic table each In the periodic table each element or atom present element or atom present has four important pieces has four important pieces of information.of information.First- the elements First- the elements atomic number, which atomic number, which also is the number of also is the number of protons in the nucleus.protons in the nucleus.Second- the chemical Second- the chemical symbol (abbreviation).symbol (abbreviation).Third- element name.Third- element name.Fourth- atomic mass.Fourth- atomic mass.