Instructional Design Document

STAM Interactive Solutions

Rankine Cycle

Demo Outline (For reference)

Interactive pageEfficiency4

Animated pageRankine Cycle 3

Animated pageOrigin of Rankine Cycle 2

Animated pageGas-Vapor T-S Diagram1Page TypeTopic NameTopic Number

Change done on slide 14Quiz Question 5 Add “Liquid Metals” to list of choices

4

Change done on slide 12Quiz Question 3 Modify answer wording as marked

3

Slides 5, 6, 7 & 8 - saturation boundary made realistic

Overall Try to make the saturation boundary realistic – try to get from actual steam tables

2

Slide 5 – All areas marked as suggestedSlide 5 - Origin of Rankine Cycle – show superheated steam, shaded addedareas as compared to Carnot

1

Changes reflected on slide no.Changes Suggested by Prof. Gaitonde

Change Log (as per the minutes pdf)

Rankine CycleApplied Thermodynamics: Power Cycles

An important aspect that lead to modification of Carnot Cycle is the design of practical heat engines. Thus Rankine Cycle is a modified Carnot Cycle.

Rankine CycleApplied Thermodynamics: Power Cycles

Gas-Vapor T-S Diagram

Rankine CycleApplied Thermodynamics: Power Cycles

Origin of Rankine Cycle

Rankine CycleApplied Thermodynamics: Power Cycles

Rankine Cycle

Rankine Cycle

Rankine CycleApplied Thermodynamics: Power Cycles

Efficiency

Efficiency (%)

Set T1 and T3.

T

0

100

40

50

30

20

10

80

70

60

90

Compressor Inlet Temperature (T1):

Kelvin (Range: 283 to 313K)

Turbine Inlet Temperature (T3):

Kelvin (Range: 450 to 550K)

Saturation Boundary made

realistic

Note: The temperature bounds are illustrative, since the typical limits depend on the working fluid. Also the efficiency displayed is indicative.

Rankine CycleApplied Thermodynamics: Power Cycles

Resources

Books:1. G.J.Van Wylen's, "Thermodynamics“.

Reference Links:1. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rankine_cycle

Rankine CycleApplied Thermodynamics: Power Cycles

A Rankine Cycle is

an improvement on the Carnot Cycle

a modification of the Carnot cycle to yield higher efficiency

a modification of the Carnot cycle that results in lower efficiency but yields a design that is practical

Rankine CycleApplied Thermodynamics: Power Cycles

Rankine cycle involves

a closed cycle

an open cycle

depends on the working fluid

Rankine CycleApplied Thermodynamics: Power Cycles

The process in the Rankine Cycle that involves pumping the working fluid

is of the same nature as the Carnot Cycle

is isobaric, and uses more energy than an isothermal process would

is isobaric, and uses less energy than an isothermal process would if the right working fluid is selectedis isentropic, but uses almost the same energy as that in an isothermal process, because a liquid is being pumped

Rankine CycleApplied Thermodynamics: Power Cycles

To increase the efficiency of the Rankine Cycle

the pressure in the boiler should be lowered and the temperature in the condenser should be loweredthe pressure in the boiler should be raised and the temperature in the condenser should be lowered

the pressure in the boiler should be raised and the temperature in the condenser should be raisedthe pressure in the boiler should be lowered and the temperature in the condenser should be raised

Rankine CycleApplied Thermodynamics: Power Cycles

The most common working fluid encountered in Rankine-Cycle based machines is

Water / Steam

Ammonia

Freon

Liquid Metals