'VOL

Report of Proceedings

Hearing held before

Committee on Axmed 89rvSieee

AI0MUA%!TXON OF LIZUT)M1ANT GENMRAL WALTERl BEDE1hL4LTo3 DIE1 AMR O ETRAL INTSMIGStIQS AMONY

S0ENMAX9N8 (Hof* No,, 3579)1, v

8, 2971 xA4 JH, I 4384 %V

mmOTV~ I~Z~

NAMINAL:

Washington, I). C.

WARD) & PAULOV1CTIAL REPOIRTM~

1760 PW?*NVLVA1A AMB. N. W.WAM1NON. D. C

ORIGINAL

CONTENTS

STATZME T OF: PAGE

(Nomination of Lieutenant General Walter BedellSmith to be Director of Central IntelligenceAgency - p. 2)

Lieutenant General Walter Bedell Smith,Nominee as Director of Central Intelligence Agency 2

(Nominations (Ref. No. 379 - p. 10)

(H.R. 4384 - p. 11)

(S. 2971 - p. 18)

1XCUTIV SB3SION 1

NOMINATION OF LIUMBNANT GENERAL WALTER BEDELL SMITHTO BE DIRECTOR OF CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY

NOMINATIONS (Ref. No. 379)

s. 2971 and H.R. 4384

Thursday, August 24, 1950

United States Senate,

Committee on Armed Services,

Washington, D. C.

The committee met, pursuant to call, at 10:45 a.m., in

room 212, Senate Office Building, Senator Millard E. Tydings

(chairman) presiding.

Present: Senators Tydings chairmann), Byrd, Chapman,

Johnson (of Texas), Kefauver, Hunt, Saltonstall, and Knowland.

Also present: Mark H. Galusha, of the Commitee Staff;

Rear Admiral Roscoe H. Hillenkoetter, Director of Central In-

telligence; Thomas J. Canning, Corps of Engineers, Department

of Army; and Oliver J. Dompierre, Administrative Assistant to

Senator Ferguson.

am a" a

2

NOMINATION OF LIEUTENANT GENERAL WALTE BREDELL SMITH

TO BE DIRECTOR OF CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY

Thursday, August 24, 1950

The Chairman. I think we might go ahead, General. We

have five members here, and a couple of more are coming, and

all of us are pretty busy.

We are very familiar with your background as a military

man, Ambassador to Russia, General, and we are very familiar

with your record as one of our outstanding military men in

World War II, and, as I stated, Ambassador to Moscow, to Russia,

and certainly that ought to be an excellent background for the

very difficult job to which you have just been nominated, to wit,

head of the Central Intelligence Agency.

I hardly know of anybody who, on qualifications, ought

to be able to fill it with more distinction and more efficiency

than yourself, because Russia seems to be the thing we want to

know most about, and your service over there, both as a soldier

and as Ambassador, ought to eminently qualify you.

STATEMENT OF LIEUTENANT GENERAL WALTER BEDELL SMITH,

NOMINEE AS DIRECTOR OF CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY.

General Smith. Thank you, sir.

The Chairman. And Admiral Hillenkoetter is also in this

picture, and as he leaves, I think I would like to express on

behalf of our committee our thanks for his fine service and

cooperation with us, particularly since he was the first head

of this agency, and got it organized and got it going.

Admiral Hillenkoetter. Thank you very much, sir.

The Chairman. Now, I will turn this over to the members

of the committee. Senator Byrd, do you have any questions you

would like to ask General Smith?

Senator Byrd. No questions, except I approve of him, and

would vote for him.

The Chairman. Senator Chapman?

Senator Chapman. Mr. Chairman, I have no questions to

ask the General, but I am sure by reason of his experience and

public service, both civil and military, he is admirably

qualified for this important assignment.

General Smith. Thank you.

The Chairman. Senator Johnson?

Senator Johnson. I am very happy that he has found it

possible to undertake the position.

The Chairman. Senator Saltonstall?

Senator Saltonstall. The only question I would like to

ask the General, in view of all the newspaper reports that we

have had, to ask on the record how is your health, and do you

feel physically competent to do this Job as you are capable of

doing it?

General Smith. Well, the doctors say yes, Senator, and

certainly a year from nov: I will either be in a situation to

know that I am or I will be busted, and in the meantime you

will have gotten a year's service. I think so. I think so

because I believe I am in better shape now than I was during

the war, given a little time to gain some weight.

The Chairman. Well, we hope so, General.

General Smith. I hope so, too. I have gotten rid of

the thing that caused me the trouble.

'The Chairman. Senator Kefauver?

Senator Kefauver. Mr. Chairman, I think General Smith

is an excellent selection for this job. I have just finished

reading "Three Years in Moscow", but I would like to know some-

thing about whether this work is going to be enlarged in its

magnitude.

It would seem to me that particularly in Asia we have

been needing very badly some way to at least cause some confusion

and diversity of opinion behind the lines of the enemy. I hate

to see the yellow people united in their opposition to us.

Does that come under the purview of the assignment that you think

you have?

General Smith. I think that Admiral Hillenkoetter will

have to answer that in detail, Senator, but I believe, in a

general way, that it does.

I have studiously avoided doing anything except read the

law carefully, the Act which created this institution, its table

of organization, and the Task Force Report, tha Hoover Task

5

Force Report, on the agency.

Senator Kefauver. In other words, the type of work that

General Donovan did during the last war?

General Smith. There is one department of the Central

Intelligence Agency which is responsible for that type of work,

but I would prefer to defer to Admiral Hille-koetter on that,

if I may.

Senator Kefauver. No other questions, Mr. Chairman.

The Chairman. Senator Knowland?

Senator Knowland. Mr. Chairman, I came in late, and I

am sorry that I missed what vent on previously.

The Chairman. I am jut asking if you want to have any

questions of the General.

Senator Knowland. I am delighted to see the General again.

I think the last time I saw hin was in Berlin.

General Smith. I remember that very well,

Senator Knowland. I remember him from his prior assign-

ment, and I think he will make an excellent head of this organi-

aation, which is important.

I would noat want the opportunity to pass wit , ut at this

time also saying a word, as one member of this committee on,

the constructive 'ob done by Admiral Hillenkeetter.

As a member of the Appropriations Committee, I have had

presented some of the reports which were given to the Government

of the United States prior to the Korean invasion, which to me

from the line; six divisions, usually going back for refitting,

we can trace them, but they had radio silence, and obviously

they are concentrating for some purpose.

In the third place, we have detected a fleet of submarines

in the Atlantic which, for the last week or ten days, had been

sending back long-range weather reports three times a day, and

from that we come to the conclusion that the Germans will under-

take a counteroffensive, that it will come at the first period

when they can confidently predict bad weather, when we cannot

use our planes; we cannot predict that it will come at Ardennes

or at Strassburg, but at some place.

When it came there was an immediate yowl "Failure of

intelligence," and yet nobody could have been.more accurately

forewarned. There we were. We had only three divisions in

reserve, but that is all we had, and there you are.

So, as I just said to Senator Tydings, to really meet

what popular conception there is of the Chief of Intelligence,

there are only two personalities that I know of who might do it.

One is God, and the other is Stalin, and I do not know that

even God can do it because I do not know whether he is close

enough in touch with Uncle Joe to know what he is talking about.

The Chairman. I wanted to help General Smith out to

answer, and I :suggested that one of the first things to do would

be for him to get a copy of the HIgerstown Almanac. Senator

Byrd, I think, uses it. It is the most accurate prediction of

the weather in the United States.

(Laughter.)

Senator Saltonstall. I would want to stand up for the

Faramrs' Almanac in New England, which very naturally has a

high reputation.

The Chairman. I get them both.

Senator Saltonstall. Mr. Chairman, might I just say,

that I certainly commend what Senator Knovland said about the

organization that Admiral Hillenkoetter built up, and from

sitting on the Appropriations Committee and sitting on this

committee, I think that General Smith is inheriting an organi-

zation that has a good background and a good start, and I am

confident that he vill build it up.

General Smith. Thank you, s ir.

The Chairman. Senator Hunt?

Senator Hunt. No comments, Mr. Chairman, except to say

that I am pleased to see the General get on this particular job.

The Chairman. Thank you.

Now, gentlemen, I do not think we ought to swear General

Smith or put him to a third degree or give him the usual

treatment of taking him into the steam room here.

(Laughter.)

The Chairman. I think we might as well let him go and

tell him that I think he has a pretty good chance of being

confirmed by the United States Senate.

9

General Smith. Thank you, Mr. Chairman, and thank you

very much, gentlemen, for these statements.

10

NOMINATIONS (Ref. No. 379)

Thursday, August 24, 1950

The Chairman. We have here some routine promotions, four

majors, eleven captains, twenty-five first lieutenants, and

thirty-seven second lieutenants in the Regular Army of the

United States. Without objection they will be reported

favorably.

11

H.R. 4384

Thursday, August 24, 1950

The Chairman. Is that all for this morning, gentlemen?

Senator Hunt. Mr. Chairman, may I report a bill, please?

The Chairman. Yes, you may.

Senator Hunt. Mr. Chairman, you asked Senator Saltonstall

and myself to look into a bill which provides for women physicians

in the various corps of the Military Establishment, various de-

par tents.

(The bill referred to, H.R. 4384, follows:)

81,s'r CONGREss HOL'SE OF REPRESENTATIVE ES REPORT.s .&f.ion j "_ No. 625

I'PRVIDING FOR APPOINTMENT OF FEMALE DOCTORSANDI SPECIALISTS IN THE MEDICAL DEPARTMENT OFTHE ARMY

I \ 1Is , 1949.-Cominitted to Ilie committee e of the Whole House on the Stateof the Union aund ordered to be printed

Mr. DI) HArIAM, from 1te Committee on Armed Services, submittedthe following

REPORT

iTo accompany II . . 4384]

T n ('Committee on Armed Services, to whom was referred the billll. IR. 4384) to provide for the appointment of female doctors and

specialists in the Medical Department of the Army, and for otherpurposes, having considered the same, report favorably thereon with:tnitiinmiient and recommend that the bill do pass.

The amendment is as follows:Strike out, all after the enacting clause and substitute for lhe

iiletil portion, the following:

hat till laws or parts of laws, which now or hereafter authorize appoiitmenit ofc',niirsiisio,.ed othcers in each of the several Corps of the medicalal Department,4 tltr H, gular Army, shall be construed to include authority to appoint femalepriiimoul (hrenlder and. except as otherwise specifically provided therein, allIa- :ii: l parts of laws now or hereafter applicable to conmmli.ssioned officer andf:.n ir missioned officers of the Regular Army and to their depeln(l(ent,- a1 ui,, Itici.ri.. shall, in like cases. Ie applicable to commissioned female officers- Iaplpoied and to their dependents and beneficiaries: Provided, That the hus-

,r1 ,of, finale officers of the Regular Army shall not be considered dep'endents*iil-. they are in fact dependent on their wives for their chief support, and thee'illrn of such officers shall not be considered dependents unless their fatherSl -e.d or they are in fact dependent on their mother for their chief support:l'-iill it rtiher, That the Secretary of the Army, under the circumstances and inardruice ith regulations prescribed by the President, may terminate tile

Iis-ion of any officer appointed pursluant hereto.

PURPOSE OF THE HILL

The purpose of the proposed legislation is to provide for the maxi-iumin utlilization of this Nation's resources in these professional fields,

it ls t iassure essential adequate medical and dental care to mmnibersof the D)epartment of the Arry and DIepartment of the Air Force.

2 APPOINTMENT OF FEMALE DOCTORS IN THE ARMY

The~ shortage of physicians, (dentists, and veterinarians within tileDepartment of the Army needs no fUrther elaboration. There is akaan acute shortage of specialists in sciences allied to medicine. nt-IQnhas been a keen interest in volunteer programs, designed to prodnrceperson-nel ill thes-e fields, manifested by female specialists who an,' mtconintissionlabe ie uder cirreiit statutes. In view of their interest an,,dtile Critical silortoige of ipeisoliiei in thir specialties, it is felt thalt.they should be piov-ided Nwith 11n opporti-nlity to Conitribute to thiskNation's defensee inl a status commensu rate with their professionalqualifiti onIs.

Dllring t l ,' rece itt wxar, female personnel inl ie(- alied forces ('St iiilifsh1( it iiioh tS1l 1 i1'l ettco i ll nall Iil' io('I IS i ie'V i l I I r )1111 i.Thiis wis not 111111 re of t hose whlo served as l)IOfessioI itl ttficcri, illthe Arny \Medlical Depairtnient. 1Ihis recordl has been recogiii/eul bythec VstN)l)ismwrient of IRtgidur anid Reserve comozinnts for er-persoiel in ll thfle armed force(,,. TheIc epartmuent of 11lie Nax vJcuirently authorized to commission these specialists, P11(1 it is stnrli1YIulre('lialt It lieI )pa't inenit of tite Army he permitted to do lkw~

The fiscid ellect Or thinot(le islationdeeds oni lie 1no 1Iiilballot -ri le., of l ltose o Ipol ted inthet(-Re-;erx e ( Or-ps wN\I 11:1Vi1),OrielmI to10 1\-o '(lilt V. L' niiiiili11er 1111d1 gI-ldes ;of tili o--w ijijpoii1d'111liot ~ o 1)(1 'Ftd to act'xe hily will 1e(-witiliii i Ille(' orStIreilrt i Offlt hornd i orce's. ,hew will I1)11 id 11lie ~ n me !,.!

iilboxxn 4111Z'111oem itilorized for imiole officeiS of like gn1de 11I(1IiOf 1-'rwicve111toltlo-w e livible ii il l(.hprov~iions of tt(n' Am -oliilio I llthIisNviro e NIllni. ( )l. Iro('Iil''llIilit Act of l"147

(Plolie Limw;-), S()1tll('olg. ) x' ill ieee ive tIt' iidllitiliil (Oilii-'(in provided ftherein.

''I' Bi wit o of, til' B ilIget '1, a beol' i 0!il l'0d antI I lien' mi; 1i'ohiect ion to tins 1egi,6,11tioii.

'P1'oror xil'tii ill' ,(V(-4l''ily all011acl e .lotnig, of 'phxy~r'1111411 11,-I' iiiii C1111teol' tA111 Niveed kI at''erx'thliiigIi khslillill h 111)10to Iit'ViO ii' .t h1I shol-lugen altil iiiiitiiolislv rec('oiiill'

'Fli a'1)eptirt 1!it I If N ati P011111)1' fliise rec'( on ('11(15 till' Ili-htititinUi., i' 1 ira i1111 dill the follow iiig h'tter-s froini t(,ilSecretIary Oaf I )fvii~and11 til' e ilt of t110' AnnY ia111(1 ieS.-vd Ito tie(,Spea ken of die,

1101.SAMRABUR. ashuington, A1pril 21, 14i

Sin a ki r ofI/ic Hoe if i Ie presc itat ives.My DEAR \MR. 'SCEA Ki,;a-Attaxched i. a leit tr addiressed ito you by Ime -S(ercir

of the Army recommilendlinlg Iill-viiaettminit of a proporw'lliraft of legisla ioi i, a 6ssttAcllwl, Ilearilig the titlo, ''To provide for the appojlltilt of femiatl dcuctorn aldisp-cl Lihu ill the Medicial IDoparumet uf the Armiy, and for other purpes's."

Thiki legislationi has beeu approved for inclusion ini the Nattiloilal NifliiaryI',~allshirlent legislat ive lprugrainl for the Ei ghty-flrtt (Congress, first's:ion, abdrvep'umn ihility for handling it on 1wthalf of the Estab lshmTent has Iheeii llaec'lin thtI epartmon'o of tile Army~.

W\ illi k indos'~t 1ersonitmi regards, I ami,Sin(lervly yours.

1,01718jomvaox.

APPOINTMENT 01' FEMALE DOCTORS IN THE ARMT

DEPARTMENT OP THF, Aiu ty,1). C., -Jprij !. , IjO;,I).

jjolj S.%Nf RAYBURN,Sprakrr ( f the 1101ISe Of RQW80ili'lli'ves.

NIR. Spi,.. RER- 17here iS inclosed liereNNit.h draft of a ])ill is, provi(b- fortil(, appoiitnient of female doctors and speeiali, ts hi. the Medical Depai t inent 14theArinyand for otlw purposes, which tho Dep.Irtf1jelit of the Ariny rtx(,zninvnd.she efitteW into hic Secretary of Defeuse has assigned resj')oii.-;i1)ilA%- forthe preparation andstibinission (if this nicitstire, Lill 1whalf of !11(' National Nlifitlr.v

;Q hlisliniont, to this Departinew,nie mip)ost or t.iiis proltwed legi -.jajIj)jj is ;t) pt-,)vi(j( fjpr (!I(, lll.IilllllZll lljiliza-

oon Offthis Nation'8 rv.,ozire( s ill tlw"e llial fichis, - I) as 1() eszrlAilll11(le(IllittO Medical alld dental care t ) invinh( i-s (if t it(, ! )vptiri ii,.ent (if th,, . , it,.%

departmentt of Hit- Air Force.Thf. horta,_,(, 4 fill .%. -ieiall-, at:d Dejjar*11:1

4 iliv Arni.v iived, no (iii-iiii-r tdlabtmt(i(oi . al'i. all 'wiltv'I'vviall-1, ill -(.iellcl , alli'-d It. 111"llicille. a kevil ilih-rl'-t Illwo,!, ljrmouni -, lb-it-,ned I-) pi-rul'O l)(T-1)1110-1 11; HIC-C fit'Ili,.IWVI3ht., vtii) art, nt)t viomni-illIq0)1(p lifitif.l. rorro-litrit(.rt, -t till([ the crilic-ti tif P411" 'lill'..1 ill 111i'll, I- I".11 !11:ltti;..% .11m ild hv Nvith v i tl1)l)40 I I.; c*,)!titIh:i!e i,, (Ili N at i i

D !1611,4 till, 110qtift Nval, pet-(111111.1 Ill Lite arllll d("W ialltiillg record in .!I Ill(. I*eh,- ill NvIla.l, they Thi, v a- ill".tr,,truv (,( th(),- who n- pr(des-mmil it) the \rtli vvicut. Thi., record hw- bv(-Il rt (.()t4li/cd h- ll;e (-;t1i1AI-llIlllIlt of 16-wilarRv.(,rvv v()niplit(,iit- 1*(!r fovialv permmnil lit all lill. artnt tf f(wer'. Ti.,wf.!,i 44 Ili(- Navy is curreiitly with(wizi-d n! viintni-i lll tilv-v 'pl-viali'l-, :vi,! I, I--trinOk imoft Iflitt Olv Deparlint-itt (if till- \rmv he pl-rinilit,-d ti d-

ThO ti.-Cal )f tliv to.gkhltim fic pelld, ,it till- 1111111hi.l. all.,4 applitili'd ill fliv Regiflar Arin * %- and tit(, rijiiiijii* ait 1 '11,apwiint,,il in i he lt1e,,vr%-v ( ',)rl)- whii Ina v he twdi r(-d .,, avii\,. tilt\ . Th, cmd",-Ald t m .lv, ()f thnsf, :,il apim filte(l w ill t1p),4. - l I 1 ) :v.Il\ , iii , %oil!,%lihill the aurlit)rizvil irviwoh 4 mt, ariiii-ii ,o ". Ii .4 f - ho "%Ill 'k . pnill 1110,IRV RITH winvan" tv 8rf, withirixf-d for znalr ()tfie sr-i (it iik( Lirrvir, wid If-mv It'l.r\ivc aml th,,.,v eligihiv midcr till, provkiton- 4 till- Artno, Nmk Nidic lf .,thit

Mv(iivitl Offivur Proulln-till-lit Act (if 1917 (1,11h.hr La\%* 36'.will receive .it(, a(lditimial v()ml)vij-qitioii provide(I thl-n,111.

Thi, propi.4vd log*.,lati,?n and relmrt thf rv()n lia,4 i'lepartinvio, and b.;ard, in Lit(- Natit-lial Milifurv E-tabikillip-lit it! avc')., i:411t.,with pr(?vedures pr(-,1-rihvd 1) .v ttifl ,verotary (if Dvh ll'v,

The Btirvati of the Budget has bee.1 vott'lillelf alld adVI-v- 11110 1114-rc I,,J1jve1it)ii to the subuibsion 4 this proposed legislatimi fi)r (liv vmi-idrt-itti,,i ,I'

I !it, ('oi)gr(%-As.Sincerely yours,KLNNET11 C, ROVklL

Secretary of the Arn,,

81sT CONGRESSST SEASON. 4384

IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES

JUNE 7 (legislative day, JUNE 2), 1949

Read twice and referred to the Committee on Armed Services

AN ACT'To provide for the appointment of female doctors and special-

ists in the Medical Department of the Army, and for other

purposes.

1 Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa-

2 ties of the United States of America in Congress assembled,

3 That this Act may be cited as the "Army Female Medical

4 Department Act of 1949".

5 That all laws'or parts of laws, which now or hereafter

6 authorize appointment of commissioned officers in each of

7 the several corps of the Medical Department of the Regular

8 Army, shall be construed to include authority to appoint

9 female personnel thereunder and, except as otherwise spe-

10 cifically provided therein, all laws and parts of laws now

2

1 or hereafter applicable to commissioned officers and former

2 commissioned officers of the Regular Army and to their

3 dependents and beneficiaries, shall, in like cases, be applicable

4 to commissioned female officers and former commissioned

5 female officers so appointed and to their dependents and

6 beneficiaries: Procided, That the husbands of female officers

7 of the Regular Army shall not be considered dependents

8 unless they are in fact dependent on their wives for their

9 chief support, and the children of such officers shall not be

10 considered dependents unless their father is dead or they are

1i in fact dependent on their mother for their chief support:

12 IProrided further, That the Secretary of the Army, under

1:' the circumstances an d in accordance with regulations pre-

14 scribed by the President, may terminate the commission of

15 any officer appointed pursuant hereto.

Passed the House of Representatives June 6, 1949.

Attest: RALPH R. ROBERTS,

Clerk.

ZI,° -rH. R. 43841ST SESSION

AN ACTTo provide Lor the appointment of female doc-

tors and specialists in the Medical Depart-ment of the Army, and for other purposes.

JUNE 7 (legislative day, JuNB 2), 1949

Read twice and referred to the Committee onArmed Services

12

Senator Hnt. We had hearings. We report favorably the

House version, with some slight ndifications.

We are disappointed somewhat, Mr. Chairman, that the

Secretary of Defense did not give to us a clear-cut position

with reference to his office, with this exception: He approved

the bill as it was written, but unfortunately it does not follow

the theory and the hope that we have all had with reference to

getting all of the Armed Services to see eye to eye on various

matters, so there is an emergency, Mr. Chairman, as you know.

We must get all the physicians we can at the earliest possible

date that we can get them.

So, while this bill creates a difference in the status of

women physicians in the Army and Air Corps as compared with that

in the Navy, we still recommend that it be approved by the

committee and reported.

I would like to have Senator Saltonstall comment, Mr.

Chairman, if you will permit him to.

The Chairman. Senator Saltonstall?

Senator Saltonstall. Mr. Chairman, I believe a hundred

per cent in what Senator Hint has said. He and I have held up

this bill to try to get the Army and Air Corps to agree with

the Navy, and to have one of the two groups yield their position.

Neither group has.

This is an emergency. It is a small matter, and I do not

think we should ask the Services to go into a fight, or the

13 .

Secretary of Defense to work out this thing at this time but,

as Senator Hunt and I have added a paragraph, I would just like

to read it, because I feel very strongly about it:

"The Career Compensation Act of 1949 and other personnel

legislation sought to eliminate many personal differences between

the Services. This bill violates that effort. It can only be

justified because of the present shortage of physicians. The

Department of Defense must work out a uniform method of making

it possible for women to be utilized as part of the Medical Corps

in the respective Services," -

and then we go on to report the bill.

I think it is too bad that we are going to pass this

legislation, and I think the only Justification for it is that

there is an emergency, and I think we want to know what we are

doing, that we are violating the Personnel Act which we sweated

so hard to work out, Senator Chapman a year ago, and we are

just accentuating, and we are giving an opportunity to accentuate

differences.

Senator Byrd. How are you violating the Act?

Senator Saltonstall. Because in the Navy the women are

a part of the WAVES, the women doctors are a part of the WAVES.

They're a corps within the WAVES.

As part of a doctors t corps they can get the $100 additional

pay for officers.

On the other hand, they can only rise to the rank of

-- -------- ------------

lieutenant commander, and they get the retirement privileges

of a WAVE.

In the Army, this bill, if it is passed, will put the

women in the Medical Corps, which will permit the women to rise

to the rank of general.

It will give them the retirement privileges of the Medical

Corps. It will give them the $100 that doctors get. In other

words, a Navy doctor is a WAVE, an Army doctor is a member of

the Medical Corps, with all the rights and obligations of the

men doctors.

Senator Hunt. I might say there is one other existing

difference that the Senator is aware of, and that is, as the

law now stands, a woman physician in the Reserves now has all

the rights and prerogatives that this bill gives to the wonen

physicians in the Regular Army, which the Regular Army does

not enjoy at this time, and also in the Air Corps.

The Chairman. So there is that distinction existing

already?

Senator Hunt. Yes, sir.

Senator Saltonstall. Only in the Army.

The Chairman. A woman in the regular Reserve has all

the privileges that the man in the Regular Army Reserve has.

Senator Hunt. That is right.

The Chairman. But that is not true in the Navy?

Senator Hunt. And not true in the Regular Army.

I I r I r , --~-

15

The Chairman. Not true ia the Navy?

Senator Hunt. Not true in the Navy.

Senator Saltonstall. Yes, sir.

The Chairman. You men recommend it, do you?

Senator Hunt. Yes, sir,

Senator Saltonatall. So far as I am concerned, with a

great deal of sadness.

The Chairman. Very well.

Senator Hunt. Mr. Chairman, I just want to make one

further statement, which will only take a second. I am going

to address a letter to Secretary Matthews couched in the kindest

of phraseology, suggesting to him that there are now two occa-

sions that I have bumped up against recently where the Air Corps

and the Army wish to go in one way, the Navy wishes to go in

the thther direction, and I am going to say to him that I think

theme things should be called to his attention because the other

day I discerned on the part of himself, Mr. Matthews, and also

on the Chief of Staff of the Army and the Air Corps at the top

level, the greatest desire to do all of these things together

in great harmony. I think this is something he does not know

about, and I want to call it to his attention.

The Chairman. Senator Hunt, I think you had better report

this bill, because you are familiar with it, and you are a

medical man yourself, so if you report it and take charge of

it on the Senate floor, that will be agreeable.Senator H nt. Yes.

16

Senator Kefauver. .Mr. Chairman, have we formally approved

General Smith?

The Chairman. Yes, we did.

Senator Kefauver. Mr. Chairman, I should like to call

the committee's attention to the fact that Mr. Symington now

has before him a very lengthy civilian defense bill. Colonel

Chambers has been trying to see what it says, but we have not

been able to find out all the details about it, but he is

supposed to come up with it to Congress on September 1, and

there is a great deal of desire expressed to get at least some

part of the civilian defense bill passed at this session of

Congress, and I thought I would call the matter to your atten-

tion particularly because it should be considered in fixing the

time when Congress might start recesses, to call the leadership's

attention to it.

The Chairman. I do not know what we can do, Senator

Kefauver, to hasten the matter. We have requested and requested

and requested that they have a bill, and I imagine it is a

little difficult for them to formulate.

If we were to get it by the first of September, which is

a little more than a week away, as I recall, I believe we

could act on it before we go home, because it would be the

kind of thing, I hope, that would not provoke a very great

deal of controversy at this particular stage.

I would like for the staff to keep in touch with Mr.

17

Sa ington'a office and to make sure that we get hold of itat the earliest possible moment.

18

s. 2971

Thursday, August 24, 1950

The Chairman. Senator Saltonstall?

Senator Saltonstall. Mr. Chairman, Senator Ferguson

called me up this morning, and his assistant is here, and he

wanted me to pay his respects to you and to say that he had

to go to a conference committee on the Byrd-Bridges amendment

to the Appropriations bill and, therefore, he cannot be here.

He has this bill S. 2971, which he is very anxious, on

behalf of Michigan, to get reported.

(The bill referred to, S. 2971, follows:)

I I I I -I~--~-~-lb~p -. sP.-rrrasP lasrnli l~l~-

81sT CONGRESS S. 12D SESSION

IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES

F~uBRr ARY 2 (legislative (lay. JAN.u\ Y 4). I.), )

Mr. FEIt'SONi introd(ued the following bill: whiicIh wI s renid twice aid referTre(to the Committee on Anrmed Services

A BILLAulthorizing the Secretary of the Anmy to convey certain lind

in Michigan to the State of Michigan for n V'e in NationalSAir National Guard and other military

Guard'training.

1 Be it enacted by the ,Senate (rnd lone of Repre.srena-

2 ties of the United States of iAmerica i (!)Co.freIss asembled,

8 Tlat the Secretary of tlie Any is authorized and directed 'as

4 to convey b)y (quitclaiI deed to the State of Michigain\the

5 following described laund in Michigan known as the 4rayling

( Anrly Airfield, together with all improvements thereon: ,

7 The west half of section 6, township 26 north, range 3

8 west; the west half of the southwest quarter and the south-

9 east quarter of the southwest quarter of section 31, town-

10 ship 27 north, range west;'the so theast quarter of section

1 , township 27 north, range 4 west. 9l

2

1 All that part of section 1, township 26 north, range

2 4 west. which lies east of the New York Central Railroa, dsubj e.0t J

3 (tonipany (Michigan Central) right-of-way cgltthe rig't-

4 of-way l for a railroad turnaround described as "A strip o

5 land sixty-six feet in widtl being thirty-three feet each side

6 of centerline from the following-described centerline begin-

7 ningl -at a point oi tle south line of section 1, staid point

8 of beginning heing one hundred and thicty-six feet wet

9 oSfsoultlh est corneri" of said section 1, Ieasured along tlic,

10 soultherly line of said section, said point of beginning alsn

11 being \where tlie cenlterline of south leg of Michigan .Centrnl

12 lRailroad (Compny "Y" track intersects the south line of

13 section I1: tl hence inl a northerly direction on a straight line

1 six hundred forty-one and five-tenths feet to a point on 1tie

15 north line of the south half of tlie southeast quarter of flic

)1 soltllht'est (fnarter of section 1, said point being two hundred

17 feet west of lte east line of section 1, measured along said

18 north line of the south half of the southeast quarter of the

19 southeast quarter of section 1: thence in a northerly direction

20 on a straight line three hundred ninety-nine and five-tenths

21 feet to a point whicl is two hundred and forty feet due west

22 measured from tle east line of said section 1; thence to

23 the left on a ten-degree.curve tangent to the last described

24 chord and having a radius of five hundred seventy-three and

25 seven-tenths feet a distance of one thousand nine hundred

3

1 seventy-seven- and five-tenthis feet to a point on the easterly

2 )1opeirtyv line of the Michigan Central.RA mirod Companiy's

:4 (Mackinaw Iivision) original one hundred -feet riglt-of-way

4 -ill in the southea-ist quarter of section t, township 263 north,

5 range 4 vest, Grayling Township, Crawford County."

G SK.c. 2. The conveyaiice of stich laln(1s and imlprovelents

7 shlll coutaimu tie express condition thait the use of such linds

- i111 iml .irvntlels shall lbe restricted to iise for Na-tionl

i Guard training fdr a period of fifteen yetru from -1m(1 a-fter

l the date of mactnmerntmt6f this Act, 'i-mn if the rratee 11111

11 fail or cease to use sch hlai'd aind inuprovenemmis for suchpu Se , title t hereto shaleevert to'~e TPnited Stftes, except

1:3 that the State of limi mnay contina~ to letise it portion

14 of said pro rty to an extent comparable t&Otb'-e present

15 lease ,(gotitcd by the War Assets Adiniiiistrato),t, to aI

16 present tenant operating a sifill flying ' rvice.

!* Oia Q. -S. srma Woa etsae* ees1,i ueI b o 3 be

aeasi4 SWYo 1*# 4 terelals t. to a U * sy to ooet pw Ar1P

Us Utww~ste of the 1Jaud mum tos~vit&M. Novevrstha.t th

tas--it M1oit~s m aw ouatiou*to I*&* * potionof gmt pwvrty

"04" Sl3paroe U UsPresen aR.t oe SSt@4 b Itho

Vw A M d as to to a wsprovat tosat oper a emol

2 SESSIO2971

A BILLAuthorizing the Secretary of the Army to con-

vey certain land in Michigan to the State ofMichigan for use in National Guard training.

By Mr. FER.Usox

F:BRARY" 2 (legislative dny, JANUARY 4), 19).50RHadI twice and referred to t1e Committee on

Armed Services

19

Senator Saltonstall. I believe Mr. Galusha knows about

the bill, and Mr. Donpierre from Senator Ferguson's office is

here.

The Chairman. Go ahead, explain it.

Mr. Galusha. I think Mr. Canning of the Military Estab-

lishment can explain what the bill is.

The Chairman. First of all, does the Department favor it?

Mr. Galusha. Yes, with these amendments.

The Chairman. I say, it comes to us with the approval

of the Department?

Mr. Galusha. With the amendments.

The Chairman. All right, we will be glad to hear you.

We would like you to be as brief as possible.

Mr. Canning. Mr. Chairman and members of the committee,

I am Thomas J. Canning of the Corps of Engineers, representing

the Department of the Army, and in the report of the Secretary

of the Army on this bill, which was submitted to the committee

on the 23rd of June, the Secretary says that there is no objec-

tion which will be interposed, but he does suggest, however,

some slight modifications in order to clarify the intent of

the bill.

On page 1, for instance, after the words "National Guard"

in the title -

Mr. Galusha. They are all in there.

Mr. Canning. They are all in there?

20

WM. Galusha. They are in the bill which is before the

oamittee.

Mr. Canning. That is all right, and probably there is

no reason for my explaining these things then.

I would like to say down there where there is Section 2 --

do you have that down there?

Mr. Galusha. Yes.

Me. Canning. That was suggested by the Administrator of

General Services Administration.

Senator Johnson. What is the value of the property

conveyed?

Mr. Canning. I have the cost to the Government in 1942.

The land was $56,337, that is for 780 acres; the cost of im-

provements amounted to $1,461, 9 9 3.

The Chairman. Why do you provide for a quitclaim deed

on page 1, and then put an amendment on Section 2, and say:

"The conveyance authorized by Section 1 shall be subject

to such terms and conditions as the Administrator of General

Services determines to be necessaz to protect properly the

interests of the United States provided, however, that the

State of Michigan may continue to lease a portion of said

property to an extent comparable to the present lease nego-

tiated by the War Assets Administrator," and so on? If you

have given him a quitclaim deed in Section 1, why would they

want the right to lease it?

I I IIW~ar~mnnslsaswwl? AI-----

21

Mr. Canning. Well, we give them the quitclaim deed, subject

to these conditions, you see.

The Chairman. Well, a quitclaim deed would be to quit

all claim that we would have to the property.

Mr. Canning. All right, title and interest.

The Chairman. We are transferring it, so what I do not

understand is if you have done that, why you have to provide

that the State of Michigan may continue to lease a portion of

said property to an extent comparable to the present lease

negotiated by the War Assets Administrator to a present tenant

operating the small flying service. If the State of Michigan

does not need it, why should the Federal Government let it go

for nothing?

Senator Byrd. There is a provision here that it reverts

back to the Government in case they do not use it for that

purpose.

The Chairman. Let me get an answer. The first thing is

that you are going to give it to Michigan, and let Michigan

lease it to a private industry for compensation, that is what

you say, for a flying field.

Mr. Canning. There is an outstanding lease now that has

been issued by the General Services Administration.

The Chairman. Well, is it contemplated that when Michigan

gets this property and the lease expires that it will not be

renewed to this private concern? Why should the Government give

22

to the State of Michigan land for the State of Michigan to

lease to a commercial concern that is not connected with the

Government, that is what the thing says.

Mr. Canning. Well, I understand that is --

The Chairman. In other words, we are going to give

Michigan this land. All right, there is a lease in the name

of the United States for a part of it to a private commercial

flying concern. Nov, this amendment provides that after we

give this property to the State of Michigan they can get the

rental from this part of the land that we, the Government, when

it owned it, leased to a private commercial concern. Now, if

Michigan does not need it, there is no need of our giving it

up, and we might as well get that revenue ourselves.

Senator Johnson. You are exactly right. What it does

is two thingss It gives them thn land to use themselves and

to give them a lease that we already have, and gives them a

revenue.

The Chairman. That is right.

Senator Chapman. We would apparently have no rights.

The Chairman. I would like to have this matter looked

into again along the lines of the questions asked, and a further

inquiry by Senator Byrd as to when they cease to use it for

the purposes mentioned, it ought to revert to the United States,

inasmuch as they are getting it for nothing because it is not

unlikely that it might be given up in the future and at some

23

other period of national emergency we will have to go out

and buy the land all over again. We have done that.

Senator Johnson. Senator Morse would object to it.

Mr. Canning. I think this clause was suggested by the

Administrator of General Services Administration; I do not know

just what the reason was.

The Chairman. What I would like to do is to have the

transcript of this record given to you, sir, and to whomever

you represent, and have them go back and go over this bill in

the light of my questions and Senator Byrd's questions, and

get a complete answer, and a bill in accordance therewith before

we undertake to pass on it.

Without objection from the committee, I think that would

save us a lot of time, and we would have something tangible

before us.

Senator Saltonstall. Mr. Chairman, Senator Ferguson's

assistant is here, and if he has anything to add, I think we

should let him make a comment.

Mr. Dompierre. We have a letter here from the Grayling

Chamber of Commerce which says that, "The present lease of

the McDonnell Brothers with the Corps of Engineers enables the

community to have all the benefits of a civilian airport, which

we believe is vital to the continued growth of this community.

We respectfully request that legislation transferring ownership

of the Grayling Army Air Base fully protect the present and

24

future civilian use of the airfield at all times," and that

was the reason for that Section 2.

The Chairman. Yes, but we cannot give Federal land for

civilian air use out there any more than you can give it for

Richmond or Boston or Baltimore. We have to buy our airfields,

and if the Government has an asset, and the State of Michigan

wants it, that is one thing. We might stretch a point and try

to help them; but if they ae going to get it and then turn it

over to a civilian enterprise, that is entirely different.

So, I wish you would look into that, sir.

We are not unsympathetic to your general objective, but

we want more information, and we want to protect the Government's

interest in the process.

Thank you; that will be all.

(Whereupon, at 11:15 a.m., the committee.adjourned,

to reconvene subject to the call of the Chair.)

0a m ek