osha-chapter 1.ppt

7/27/2019 osha-chapter 1.ppt

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Chapter 1:

Introduction To OSHA


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Describe the OSH regulations and complianceand how it will create safe workingenvironment. (C1)


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Understand the occupational safety andhealth. 1.1.1 Define the concepts of occupational safety

and health.

1.1.2 Explain the history of occupational safety andhealth.

1.1.3 Explain the importance of safety in theworkplace.

1.1.4 Describe the major safety terminologies. 1.1.5 Classify types of accident.


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Occupationalsafety and health(OSH) is a basic

human right forsafety at workplace


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DONT WATCH THIS IF YOU HAVE A WEAKHEART!


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Accident prevention (pencegahan) is anessential (penting)part of goodmanagement(pengurusan)and workmanship(mutu kerja)

Management and workers must cooperate

Top management must take the lead

A define and known safety and health policy

Organization and resources to achieve policy Best available knowledge and methods


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Until 1970, there were no national laws forsafety and health hazards

Several tragedies had occurred The 1911 Triangle Shirtwaist Company fire in New

York City killed 146 of 500 employees

Production for World War I caused a crisis inworkplace safety and health conditions.

By the 1960s, 14,000 workers died every year and

more than 2.2 million workers were not able to workfrom injuries and illnesses


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The Era of Boiler Safety- Before 1914 Around 1890s Perak state government elected apersonnel expertise in steam boiler and was given alicense as boiler surveyor


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The era of machinery safety- 1914 to 1962 On 1 January 1914, all the steam boiler enactments

was replaced with Machinery Enactment.

The inspector inspects the steam boiler and any

other machinery such as internal combustionengine, water turbine and any other auxiliaryinstallation involved


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The era of industrial safety- 1953 to 1967 All the machinery enactment used before 1953 wasthen replaced with Ordinal 1953. The role of an inspector has expanded from only

inspecting the steam boiler to the safety of workersin factories that uses machinery.


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The era of industrial safety and health- 1970to 1994 Akta Kilang dan Jentera (Factories and MachineryAct @ FMA) 1970was approved by the parliaments. To solve all the shortcoming of the Machine Ordinal1953, as the workers in a workplace withoutmachine previously are now being protected underthe new Acts.


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The era of occupational safety and health-1994 onwards Occupational Safety and Health Act (OSHA) was

enacted in 1994

FMA 1967 emphasis on safety while OSHA 1994emphasis on addressing health hazards in theworkplace


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Employees can remain motivated if they feelsafe and happy

Formation and implementation of safetyprograms that are meant to teach theemployees to handle risks

Violence at workplace


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Accident- An unplanned unexpected eventwhich may result in loss, injury or damage

Code of Practice- A body of rules forPractical Guidance only and not having theforce of law although failure to comply maybe used in evidence in legal proceedings.

Ergonomics- The study of relationshipbetween workers and their occupation,equipment and environment and

particularly, the application of anatomical,physiological and psychological knowledgeto the problems arising there from.


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Fire Precautions- The measures taken and the fireprotection features provided in a building (e.g. design,systems, equipment and procedures) to minimize therisk to the occupants from and outbreak of fire.

Fire Prevention- The concept of preventing outbreaksof fire, of reducing the risk of fire spreading andavoiding danger to persons and property from fire.

First Aid- The skilled application of acceptedprinciples of treatment on the occurrence of anaccident or in the case of sudden illness, using

facilities or materials available at the time.


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Hazard- The exposed danger, a condition or practicewith potential for loss. A situation that may give riseto personal injury or asset damage or both.

Manual Handling- Any means of transporting orsupporting a load manually. Lift, putting down,

pushing, pulling, carrying or moving by hand of bodilyforce. Means of Escape- Structural means whereby a safe

route is provided for persons to travel unaided fromany point in a building to a place of safety


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Near Miss- An incident, which does not show a visibleresult, but had the potential to do so.

Policy- A statement of corporate intent, which will beadopted and pursued as advantageous or expedient.

Qualified Worker- One who is accepted as having thenecessary physical attributes, who possesses therequired intelligence, training and education, and hasacquired the necessary skill and knowledge to carryout the work in hand to satisfactory standards ofsafety, quantity and quality.


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Reasonably Practicable- A computation made in whichthe quantum of risk is placed on one scale, and thedisadvantages involved in the measure necessary ofaverting the risk is placed upon the other. A balancebetween: risk and cost, inconvenience, effect onproduction.

Risk Assessment- A process where hazards areidentified and risks evaluated, with the objective ofeliminating or reducing the risks as low as reasonablypracticable.

Safety Audit- Monitoring of the implementation of asafety policy by subjecting each area of an activity to asystematic critical examination with the purpose ofminimizing loss, and providing a quantifiedassessment of performance


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Safety Inspection- Systematic assessment ofsafety standards for plant, place of work,working. Carried out by a manager and nota safety adviser/engineer.

Safety Monitoring- Periodic checks onobservance of corporate safety standardsand procedures.

Workplace- The workplace may bedescribed as any place where people are atwork


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Accident happensmostly due by twomajor causes: Unsafe condition at the

workplace

Unsafe act done by aperson or a group


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osha-chapter 1.ppt

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