04/05/2005WMMICOSHA FATAL FACTSHydraulic Pressure

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04/05/2005WMMICFatal Facts - Hydraulic Pressure and the DangersDescription of the Accident:

A machine operator was fatally injured while he was attempting to bleed trapped air from a hydraulic cylinder located on an automated forming machine. The injuries occurred when he opened a bleed-to-atmosphere type air-bleed valve located on a hydraulic cylinder, causing high pressure hydraulic oil to be injected into his hand.

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04/05/2005WMMICThe Dangers of Hydraulic PressureInjection InjuriesDangerous properties of fluid ( toxic )Contact with hot fluidOther material movement ( explosion, whipping hose, etc. )

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04/05/2005WMMICHigh Pressure Injection Injuries

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04/05/2005WMMICWhat is an High Pressure Injection Injury?Fluid at pressure that punctures and penetrates the skin and body tissue.The injected substance passes rapidly thru the subcutaneous tissue and enters the tendons and deep spaces of hand / body.

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04/05/2005WMMICHigh Pressure Injection InjuryA pinhole leak in a hydraulic hose thats under pressure can release toxic fluid at a speed of 600+ feet per second.Close to the muzzle velocity of a gun!Sufficient to penetrate protective equipment depending upon velocity.Penetration recorded in distances of up to four inches between fluid source and skin.

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04/05/2005WMMICWhere Do You Find?Some type of fluid ( water, paint, oil-based solvents, etc. ) or airMeasured in force exerted upon a surface per unit area

Usually pounds per square inch ( PSI )

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04/05/2005WMMICWhere Do You Find?hydraulic linesairless paint sprayers,fluid 100 PSI or above high-pressure fuel injection high-pressure air lines

high-pressure grease guns,high pressure grease and paint guns most common cause

60% paint25% grease/oil

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04/05/2005WMMICHigh Pressure100 PSI to puncture skin3000 - 10000 PSI2000 PSI - 50% amputation7000 PSI - 100% amputationAmputation rates vary between 16 - 48%

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04/05/2005WMMICSeverity/Prognostic FactorsMaterial injectedgrease - fibrosispaint - necrosisgangrenePaint / paint thinners pain and swelling in few hoursGreases / oils / hydraulic fluid pain in a day or two

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04/05/2005WMMICToxicologyAbsorption into systemOrganic solventWater based

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04/05/2005WMMICInjury Info Injection typically occurs when operator is trying to wipe clear a blocked nozzle or when operator is attempting to steady the gun with a free hand during the testing or operation of equipment

Pad of thumb or index finger ( most common )Palm and long finger ( second most frequent )non dominant handUsually pin hole size Men between 21-59

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04/05/2005WMMICBurn InjuriesComplex injuriesBurns effect kidney, liver and cardiovascular function.

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04/05/2005WMMICDegree of BurnFirst Degree

Outer layer of skinSecond Degree

First and second layer of skinThird Degree

All layers of skinMost serious

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04/05/2005WMMICInjection BurnsHot liquid injected into body

Bypassed skin as protective deviceDebreeing of burn must be surgicalToxicity of chemical

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04/05/2005WMMIC2nd & 3rd Degree Tar Burn

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04/05/2005WMMICHow to Avoid Injection InjuriesTo check a hose for leaks while pressurized, run a piece of cardboard or paper along the hose, wear gloves, long sleeves, and safety glassesDont crack high pressure connectors or lines to check for pressure and / or flow

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04/05/2005WMMICHow to Avoid Injection InjuriesShut down all equipment when looking for leaksRelieve pressures ( Hose, etc. )Check to ensure pressure relievedLockout / tagout deactivation to zero energy

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