OTC and Prescription Drugs

Drug:A chemical substance that is taken to cause changes in a person’s

body or behavior

Over-the-counter (OTC) drug: a medicine that is sold legally in pharmacies and other stores without a doctor’s prescription

Prescription drug: a drug that can be obtained only with a written order from a doctor and can be purchased only at a pharmacy

Antihistamine

Decongestant

Antacid

Cough Suppressant

Drug misuse: the improper use of medicines

Drug abuse: when a drug is intentionally used improperly or unsafely

Commonly Abused

OTC Drugs• DXM

– found in cough medicine

• Diet Pills• Pain Relievers• Motion Sickness Pills• Sexual Performance

Pills

Prescription Drugs• CNS

Depressants• Opioids and

Morphine Derivatives

• Stimulants• Antidepressants

True or False About Prescription Drugs

• It’s a safe way to get high.

• It’s okay to mix substances.

• I can stop whenever I want.

• There’s nothing wrong with using other people’s prescriptions.

DepressantsUsed to calm a person or feel drowsyUsed to reduce anxiety and tension

Brand Names:• Xanax • Valium• Halcion• Librium• Ativan• Klonopin

• Amytal• Nembutal• Seconal• Phenobarbital

Street Names:• Candy• Downers• Sleeping Pills• Tranks

• Barbs• Reds• Red Birds• Phennies• Tooies• Yellows• Yellow Jackets

Effects of DepressantsShort Term• Slow brain function• Lowered blood pressure• Confusion• Dizziness• Fever• Visual disturbances• Disorientation• Difficulty or inability to urinate• Poor concentration• Slowed pulse and breathing

rate• Fatigue• Slurred Speech• Sluggishness• Dilated pupils• Depression• Addiction

Long Term• Tolerance can develop rapidly• Depression• Chronic fatigue• Breathing difficulties• Sexual problems• Sleep Problems• Increase in _____ if user does not get more of the

drug:– Dependency– Cravings– Anxiety– Panic

• Can increase the risk of:– High blood sugar– Diabetes– Weight Gain

Withdrawal (some effects can be life threatening)• Insomnia• Weakness• Nausea• Agitation• High Body Temperatures• Deliruim• Hallucinations• Convulsions

Opioids and Morphine DerivativesPrescription Painkillers

Brand Name• Fiorional with

Codeine• Robitussin A-C• Tylenol with Codeine• Empirin with Codeine

• Actiq• Duragesic• Sublimaze

Street Names• Captain Cody• Cody• Schoolboy• Doors and Fours• Pancakes and Syrup• Loads

• Apache• China Girl• Dance Fever• Goodfella• Murder 8• Tango and Cash• China White• Friend• Jackpot • TNT

Opioids and Morphine Derivatives

Brand Name• Roxanol• Druamorph

• OxyContin• Perondan• Percocet• Tylox

• Demerol

• Dilaudid

Street Names• M• Miss Emma• Monkey• White Stuff

• Oxy 80• Oxycet• Hillbilly Heroin• Percs• Perks• Oxycotton

• Demmies• Pain Killer

• Juice• Dillies• Drug Store Heroin

Opioids and Morphine Derivatives

Brand Name• Anexsia• Dicodid• Hycodan• Hycomine• Lorcet• Lortab• Norco• Tussionex• Vicodin

Street Names• Pain Killer• Vikes• Hydros

Effects of Opiods and Morphine Derivatives

Short Term• Drowsiness• Slowed breathing

– Could slow to the point that it stops

• Constipation• Unconsciousness• Nausea• Vomiting• Dizziness• Confusion• Addiction• Increased risk of heart

attack• Coma

Long Term• Physical dependence

– Body adapts to presence of substance• Addiction• Death

Withdrawal • Restlessness• Muscle and bone pain• Insomnia• Diarrhea• Vomiting• Cold flashes

– Goose bumps (“cold turkey”)• Involuntary leg movements• Tolerance

StimulantsTemporarily increase alertness and energy

Brand Name• Ritalin• Concerta

• Biphetamine• Dexedrine

Street Names• R-ball• Skippy• The smart drug• Vitamin R• JIF• Kibble and bits

• Speed• Truck drivers• Bennies• Black beauties• Crosses• Hearts• LA turnaround• Uppers

Effects of Stimulants

Short Term• Exhaustion• Apathy• Depression Long Term

• Hostility• Paranoia• Dangerously high

body temperatures• Irregular heartbeat

AntidepressantsHelp handle depression

Brand Names:

• Prozac• Paxil • Celexa• Zoloft• Effexor• Remeron

Effects• Insomnia• Irritability• Nervousness and anxiety• Violent thoughts and actions• Agitation• Sucicidal thoughts or suicide• Tremors• Hostility• Sweating• Irregular heartbeat• Aggression• Criminal behavior• Confusion• Paranoia• Hallucinations• Psychosis• Akathisia (a painful inner agitation: inability to sit still)

Effects of DepressantsShort Term• Slow brain function• Lowered blood pressure• Confusion• Dizziness• Fever• Visual disturbances• Disorientation• Difficulty or inability to urinate• Poor concentration• Slowed pulse and breathing

rate• Fatigue• Slurred Speech• Sluggishness• Dilated pupils• Depression• Addiction

Long Term• Tolerance can develop rapidly• Depression• Chronic fatigue• Breathing difficulties• Sexual problems• Sleep Problems• Increase in _____ if user does not get more of the

drug:– Dependency– Cravings– Anxiety– Panic

• Can increase the risk of:– High blood sugar– Diabetes– Weight Gain

Withdrawal (some effects can be life threatening)• Insomnia• Weakness• Nausea• Agitation• High Body Temperatures• Deliruim• Hallucinations• Convulsions