outdoor play areas susan lane, rehs, cpsi environmental health specialist ii
DESCRIPTION
Outdoor Play Areas Susan Lane, REHS, CPSI Environmental Health Specialist II. Outdoor Grounds. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Outdoor Play Outdoor Play AreasAreas
Susan Lane, REHS, CPSISusan Lane, REHS, CPSI
Environmental Health Specialist IIEnvironmental Health Specialist II
Outdoor GroundsOutdoor Grounds Maintenance: The Maintenance: The
grounds shall be grounds shall be maintained in a maintained in a sanitary condition, well sanitary condition, well drained and free of drained and free of refuse, litter, animal refuse, litter, animal droppings, insect and droppings, insect and rodent harborages, rodent harborages, poisonous plants, poisonous plants, weed overgrowth, and weed overgrowth, and unused equipment. unused equipment.
7.0
Outdoor GroundsOutdoor Grounds Exterior Garbage: Exterior Garbage:
Exterior garbage and Exterior garbage and rubbish containers rubbish containers shall be easily shall be easily cleanable, covered cleanable, covered with a tight fitting lid, with a tight fitting lid, well maintained, well maintained, inaccessible to inaccessible to children and removed children and removed on a frequency that on a frequency that prevents creation of a prevents creation of a nuisance.nuisance.
Swimming and Wading PoolsSwimming and Wading PoolsPermanent Water FeaturesPermanent Water Features
A Health Permit to operate a public A Health Permit to operate a public pool shall be maintained for a Child pool shall be maintained for a Child Care Center swimming pool or Care Center swimming pool or permanent wading pool.permanent wading pool.
All bodies of water shall have a All bodies of water shall have a barrier that conforms to NAC barrier that conforms to NAC 444.136.444.136.
Swimming and Wading Swimming and Wading PoolsPools
Swimming and Swimming and permanent wading permanent wading pools shall meet all pools shall meet all requirements of the requirements of the Nevada Nevada Administrative Code Administrative Code (NAC) 444, “Public (NAC) 444, “Public Bathing Places and Bathing Places and Spas.”Spas.”
Portable wading Portable wading pools are prohibitedpools are prohibited
Playground StatisticsPlayground Statistics
Purpose of Hazard Identification is to Purpose of Hazard Identification is to reduce the number and severity of life-reduce the number and severity of life-threatening and seriously debilitating threatening and seriously debilitating injuriesinjuries
#1 cause of DEATH#1 cause of DEATH: Entanglement due : Entanglement due to clothes or something around a child’s to clothes or something around a child’s neck becoming caught or entwined on a neck becoming caught or entwined on a component of playground equipmentcomponent of playground equipment
Playground StatisticsPlayground Statistics
#1 cause of INJURY#1 cause of INJURY: Falls which result : Falls which result in brain damage, permanent in brain damage, permanent paralysis, long bone fractures, other paralysis, long bone fractures, other long term, life-impacting injurieslong term, life-impacting injuriesBoth of these causes may be abated Both of these causes may be abated by proper use of equipment, by proper use of equipment, supervision, and handholds, supervision, and handholds, guardrails and protective barriersguardrails and protective barriers
Child Care CenterChild Care CenterOutdoor Play Areas 7.4Outdoor Play Areas 7.4
An outdoor play area must An outdoor play area must meet SNHD criteria for the meet SNHD criteria for the following:following:
7.4.1 Construction Plan 7.4.1 Construction Plan ReviewReview
7.4.2 Enclosures7.4.2 Enclosures7.4.3 Visibility7.4.3 Visibility7.4.4 Drinking Water7.4.4 Drinking Water7.4.5 Shade7.4.5 Shade7.4.6 Playground Equipment7.4.6 Playground Equipment7.4.7 Protective Surfaces7.4.7 Protective Surfaces7.4.8 Maintenance and 7.4.8 Maintenance and SupervisionSupervision
Construction Plan Review Construction Plan Review 7.4.17.4.1
Properly developed plans for Properly developed plans for construction, expansion, renovation construction, expansion, renovation or conversion shall be submitted to or conversion shall be submitted to SNHD Plan Review. SNHD Plan Review.
Enclosures 7.4.2Enclosures 7.4.2• Perimeter Perimeter
fencing or walls fencing or walls must be no less must be no less than 48” in than 48” in heightheight
• Fencing and Fencing and components components must be sturdy, must be sturdy, rigid and non-rigid and non-deformingdeforming
Enclosures 7.4.2Enclosures 7.4.2
Spacing between vertical
componentsand under the
fence must be 3.5”
or lessNon-compliant fence
Enclosures 7.4.2Enclosures 7.4.2
The fence shall be The fence shall be constructed so that constructed so that it is non-climbable. it is non-climbable.
Both examples Both examples show climbable show climbable fencing due to fencing due to hand or foot holds hand or foot holds under 48 inches, under 48 inches, and abatement and abatement netting in disrepair.netting in disrepair.
Hand or foot holds
Chain link exposed
Climbable Fences—Not Climbable Fences—Not AllowedAllowed
Both violations show hand or foot Both violations show hand or foot holds under 48 inchesholds under 48 inches
Enclosures 7.4.2Enclosures 7.4.2 Acceptable measures to abate climbable Acceptable measures to abate climbable
enclosuresenclosures
Slats
NettingBoth!
Enclosures 7.4.2Enclosures 7.4.2
An additional abatement measure for An additional abatement measure for climbable fencing is total climbable fencing is total replacement of the climbable replacement of the climbable fencing. fencing.
Suitable non-climbable alternatives Suitable non-climbable alternatives are compliant vertical component are compliant vertical component fencing (spacing between vertical fencing (spacing between vertical components and under the fence less components and under the fence less than 3.5 inches) or a solid wallthan 3.5 inches) or a solid wall
Enclosures 7.4.2Enclosures 7.4.2
Two examples of acceptable Two examples of acceptable non-climbable fencingnon-climbable fencing
Enclosure HazardsEnclosure Hazards
An exposed bolt end that protrudes An exposed bolt end that protrudes more than 2 full threads is an more than 2 full threads is an
entanglement hazard—bolt ends must entanglement hazard—bolt ends must be trimmed to two or less threads and be trimmed to two or less threads and
sanded if necessary to avoid an sanded if necessary to avoid an abrasion hazardabrasion hazard
Enclosure HazardsEnclosure Hazards
Trip Hazard Inadequate
Enclosure HazardsEnclosure Hazards
ProtrusionGood solution—
tennis balls work also
Visibility 7.4.3Visibility 7.4.3
The outdoor play The outdoor play area must be area must be arranged so all arranged so all areas are visible areas are visible to the Child Care to the Child Care Providers. Providers.
Areas to the sides Areas to the sides of a facility must of a facility must be inaccessible.be inaccessible.
7.4.3
Visibility 7.4.3 Visibility 7.4.3
Side yard accessibleSide yard inaccessible
Drinking Water 7.4.4Drinking Water 7.4.4
Potable water must be available Potable water must be available in each outdoor area. in each outdoor area.
Fixtures must be clean and Fixtures must be clean and sanitarysanitary
Fountain pressure must be Fountain pressure must be regulated to keep the stream in regulated to keep the stream in the fountain basin and to avoid the fountain basin and to avoid mouths touching the water sourcemouths touching the water source
7.4.49.1.4
Drinking Water 7.4.4Drinking Water 7.4.4
Dirty fountain Stream overshoots
Drinking Water 9.1.4Drinking Water 9.1.4 Potable water may be provided Potable water may be provided
from containers capable of being from containers capable of being washed, rinsed and sanitized.washed, rinsed and sanitized.
The container must be properly The container must be properly secured to prevent tipping and secured to prevent tipping and contamination.contamination.
Single service cups must be Single service cups must be stored in a sanitary mannerstored in a sanitary manner
7.4.4
Drinking Water 9.1.4Drinking Water 9.1.4
Approved means of supply
Drinking Water 9.1.4Drinking Water 9.1.4
Metal surfaces mustbe coated or shaded
to avoid burns 7.4.6
Before coating After
Drinking Water 9.1.4 Drinking Water 9.1.4
Fountain has been made safe –push button is covered with plastic,
bubbler is also plastic
Shade 7.4.5Shade 7.4.5• Minimum 5 ftMinimum 5 ft2 2 per child per child
per maximum facility per maximum facility capacity as determined capacity as determined by the Licensing by the Licensing Authority.Authority.
• Excludes shade Excludes shade provided by walls of provided by walls of buildingbuilding
• Required in each Required in each separately fenced areaseparately fenced area
• The ground area of the The ground area of the canopy of mature living canopy of mature living trees can satisfy shade trees can satisfy shade requirements.requirements.
7.4.5
Unshaded plastic slidetemperature on a
summer day
Playground Equipment 7.4.6Playground Equipment 7.4.6
Commercial grade Commercial grade only, in only, in compliance with compliance with U.S. Consumer U.S. Consumer Product Safety Product Safety Commission Commission Standards (CPSC)Standards (CPSC)
7.4.6
Playground Equipment 7.4.6Playground Equipment 7.4.6
Items not allowed:Items not allowed:Antique fire engines or Antique fire engines or
vehicles, unshaded metal vehicles, unshaded metal 7.4.
6
Playground EquipmentPlayground Equipment
Items not allowed:Items not allowed:Concrete pipesConcrete pipes
Truck tiresTruck tires 7.4.6
Playground Equipment 7.4.6Playground Equipment 7.4.6
Age Appropriate Use: Access to play Age Appropriate Use: Access to play equipment must be limited to equipment must be limited to developmentally appropriate age developmentally appropriate age groupsgroups
Playground equipment must have Playground equipment must have signage that defines the age range of signage that defines the age range of children for which the equipment is children for which the equipment is intended.intended.
7.4.6
Playground Equipment 7.4Playground Equipment 7.4 Playground Playground
equipment must be equipment must be of safe design and of safe design and maintained in good maintained in good repair.repair.
Hazards that require Hazards that require time for correction time for correction shall be maintained shall be maintained inaccessible to inaccessible to children until children until corrections are corrections are made.made.
Playground Equipment Playground Equipment TestingTesting
Required Equipment:Required Equipment:
1. National 1. National Playground Safety Playground Safety Institute test probes Institute test probes and gaugesand gauges
2. Spade or digging 2. Spade or digging tooltool
3. Tape Measure3. Tape Measure
4. Camera4. Camera
7.4.6
Playground Equipment Playground Equipment TestingTesting
Completely Bounded Opening Head and
Torso Probes:
If the Torso Probe passes through an opening, the Head
Probe must also pass
Torso
Head
Playground Equipment Playground Equipment TestingTesting
The anthropometric basis for the The anthropometric basis for the three-three-
dimensional Head and Torso Probes:dimensional Head and Torso Probes:
55thth percentile 2-year old for the Torso percentile 2-year old for the Torso Probe (smallest torso)Probe (smallest torso)
9595thth percentile 5-year old for the Head percentile 5-year old for the Head Probe (largest head)Probe (largest head)
““Where the smallest torso goes,Where the smallest torso goes, the largest head must follow”the largest head must follow”
Playground Equipment Playground Equipment TestingTesting
50 FtLb Gauge usedin conjunction withthe head and torso
probes to test completely bounded nonrigid openings
such as flexible nets, tot seats, and
plastic enclosures
Playground Equipment Playground Equipment TestingTesting
Partially Bounded Opening Test
Template
Playground Equipment Playground Equipment TestingTesting
Protrusion Gauges used to determine whether a projection is a protrusion
Playground Equipment Playground Equipment TestingTesting
Pipe-size template
used for any components
intended for useas a hand support
Playground Equipment Playground Equipment TestingTesting
Angle finder used for:
• Designated Play Surfaces
• Steps/Rungs/Platforms to be Horizontal to within ±2°
• See Saw angle ≤ 25°
• Slide Slope and Exit regions
•55° Entrapment Angles
Playground Equipment Playground Equipment TestingTesting
S-Hook connectorsare properly
closedwhen there is
no gap or space greater than
0.04 in./1.0mm(width of a dime)
Playground Equipment Playground Equipment TestingTesting
Check upper and Check upper and lower loop lower loop alignmentalignment
Neither loop of an Neither loop of an S hook may S hook may overlap the bodyoverlap the body
Non-compliant
Equipment Maintenance Equipment Maintenance 7.4.87.4.8
Worn equipment and Worn equipment and cracked or broken cracked or broken plastic components plastic components
are common problemsare common problems
Equipment MaintenanceEquipment Maintenance
Missing bolts and screws
7.4.6
Equipment MaintenanceEquipment Maintenance
Duct tape used for repair—also cracked
plastic 7.4.6
Equipment MaintenanceEquipment Maintenance
View from underneath equipment—missing fasteners replaced with plastic coated
cable
Equipment MaintenanceEquipment Maintenance
Missing fasteners
7.4.6
Equipment MaintenanceEquipment Maintenance
Check for structural integrity, missing pieces, equipment
that has “settled” causing
joints to open 7.4.6
Equipment MaintenanceEquipment Maintenance
Corroding metal bridge
Broken swing chain
Rusty surface
7.4.6
Equipment MaintenanceEquipment Maintenance
Worn connecting devicesat points of moving contact
Duct tape used for repair
Equipment HazardsEquipment Hazards
Very common finger Very common finger entrapment—entrapment—equipment has equipment has
been modified from been modified from original design, original design,
leaving this hazardleaving this hazard
Equipment HazardsEquipment Hazards
May be abated by restricting movement of wheel or replacing with a solid, not open-
spoked wheel or solid mounting piece
Crush, shear, Crush, shear, entanglement hazardentanglement hazard Abatemen
t
Equipment HazardsEquipment Hazards
Hand holds at the top of this chain climberare missing—note the empty attachment bracket
Equipment HazardsEquipment Hazards
Non-commercial materials
used for repair
Equipment HazardsEquipment Hazards
Two examples of Two examples of entanglement hazards due entanglement hazards due to protrusion of fastenersto protrusion of fasteners
Equipment HazardsEquipment Hazards
Finger entrapment
hazards
Equipment HazardsEquipment Hazards
Finger entrapment/integrity—Finger entrapment/integrity—
Are these missing bolts or justAre these missing bolts or just
non-essential caps or plugs?non-essential caps or plugs?
Equipment HazardsEquipment Hazards
Metal equipment must be shaded
or coated to prevent burns 7.4
Equipment HazardsEquipment Hazards3.5”-9.0”
opening is an entrapment
hazard
Equipment HazardsEquipment Hazards
Torso probe (3.5”)
passes throughbars on play equipment—
Head Probe (9.0”) will not follow
EntrapmentHazard:
Equipment HazardsEquipment Hazards
The highest designated
play surface may not exceed 8
feet for school aged, and 6
feet for preschool aged children.
(Inspector is 5’11”)
Equipment HazardsEquipment Hazards
This little girl is 3 years old.Highest play surface of equipment
is greater than 6 feet.
Equipment HazardsEquipment Hazards
CPSC recommends CPSC recommends that swings not be that swings not be
attached to a attached to a composite composite structurestructure
Swings attached to composite resulting ininsufficient use zone
Equipment HazardsEquipment HazardsThis piece
was modified by the center
to add the swings
Both of these structures
are non-compliant due to insufficient use
zones
Equipment HazardsEquipment Hazards
CPSC recommends CPSC recommends no more than 2 no more than 2 swings per bayswings per bay
Equipment HazardsEquipment Hazards
Protrusion/Impalement
Equipment HazardsEquipment Hazards
Two legs of this play structure
did not touch the ground, and
contained metal edges
Maintenance/SupervisionMaintenance/Supervision
The Child Care The Child Care Center Director or Center Director or designee shall designee shall inspect the outdoor inspect the outdoor play area daily play area daily before children go before children go out to play to out to play to ensure there are ensure there are no hazards no hazards present.present.
7.4.8
Maintenance/SupervisionMaintenance/Supervision
Sand boxes smaller Sand boxes smaller than 100 square feet than 100 square feet shall be covered when shall be covered when not in use. not in use.
Larger sand play areas Larger sand play areas left uncovered shall be left uncovered shall be inspected a minimum inspected a minimum of daily, prior to of daily, prior to children entering the children entering the area, to remove any area, to remove any animal fecal matter or animal fecal matter or other foreign debris.other foreign debris.
7.4.8
Playground HazardsPlayground Hazards
Debris present in Debris present in children’s area children’s area
Playground HazardsPlayground Hazards
Climbable FenceClimbable Fence
Abandoned VehicleAbandoned Vehicle
Inadequate Use ZoneInadequate Use Zone
Inadequate SurfacingInadequate Surfacing
Playground HazardsPlayground Hazards
Accessible storage area
Numerous debris hazards
Playground HazardsPlayground Hazards Overhead obstructions (tree Overhead obstructions (tree
branches, ropes), within the branches, ropes), within the use zones of play use zones of play equipment must be at least equipment must be at least 84 in. (7 ft) above each 84 in. (7 ft) above each designated play surface and designated play surface and the pivot point of swingsthe pivot point of swings
Playground HazardsPlayground Hazards
Tree branches within children’s reach
Playground HazardsPlayground Hazards
Overhead hazards
Playground HazardsPlayground Hazards
A splintered, climbable remnant
of an old piece of equipment
Plumbers tape used to secure a fence opening
Playground HazardsPlayground Hazards
Splintered, peeling paint
Umbrella Stand Base—Trip/Impalem
ent
Playground HazardsPlayground Hazards
Impalement and entanglement hazards
Playground HazardsPlayground Hazards
Missing cap exposing rough surface
Broken bench
Playground HazardsPlayground Hazards
Trip hazards
Playground HazardsPlayground Hazards
Trip hazards
Playground HazardsPlayground Hazards
Trip Hazard
Playground HazardsPlayground Hazards
Fencing in disrepair
Playground HazardsPlayground Hazards
Utility meters must Utility meters must be inaccessiblebe inaccessible
Power supply Power supply boxes must be boxes must be locked or locked or inaccessibleinaccessible
7.4.8
Violation
Playground HazardsPlayground Hazards
Utility poles and their supports need to be made inaccessible
Tree supports need to be high enough to eliminate any
hazard7.4.8
Playground HazardsPlayground Hazards
Bird droppings on play structure handholds
7.4.8
SurfacingSurfacing
Outdoor play areas may be dirt, grass, concrete, asphalt, etc., and may not contain hazards such as leftover construction debris, rocks, irrigation equipment or irregular surfaces.
Adequate surfacing must be in good Adequate surfacing must be in good repair—not lifting, cracking and free repair—not lifting, cracking and free of holes, trip hazards or worn spotsof holes, trip hazards or worn spots
SurfacingSurfacing
Cracked and uneven surfacing
Protective SurfacingProtective Surfacing
Required in the use zone of
climbable equipment. When
a center has no climbable
equipment or swings no special
surfacing is required.
7.4.7
Protective SurfacingProtective Surfacing
Fall height—The vertical distance from a Fall height—The vertical distance from a
designated play surface and the designated play surface and the protectiveprotective
surfacing beneath itsurfacing beneath it Designated play surface—Any elevated Designated play surface—Any elevated
surface for standing, walking, sitting or surface for standing, walking, sitting or climbing, or a flat surface greater than climbing, or a flat surface greater than 2 inches wide by 2 inches long having 2 inches wide by 2 inches long having an angle less than 30° from horizontalan angle less than 30° from horizontal
Protective SurfacingProtective Surfacing
The slide platform is the highest elevated
surface on this piece. The fall height is measured at this
point.
Protective SurfacingProtective Surfacing
Critical height—The fall height below Critical height—The fall height below which a life-threatening head injury which a life-threatening head injury would not be expected to occurwould not be expected to occur
Protective surfacing—Material(s) to Protective surfacing—Material(s) to be used within the use zone of any be used within the use zone of any playground equipmentplayground equipment
Protective SurfacingProtective Surfacing• Check for proper surfacing in Check for proper surfacing in
the use zones of equipmentthe use zones of equipment• Protective surfacing must be Protective surfacing must be
installed to a depth installed to a depth appropriate to the fall height appropriate to the fall height of the equipment and the of the equipment and the critical height of tested critical height of tested materials per materials per Handbook for Handbook for Public Playground Safety, Public Playground Safety, Consumer Product Safety Consumer Product Safety Commission Pub. No. 325, Commission Pub. No. 325, Table 1Table 1
7.4.7
Protective SurfacingProtective Surfacing
Asphalt, concrete, soil, hard packed Asphalt, concrete, soil, hard packed dirt, grass and turf are dirt, grass and turf are unsuitableunsuitable for for use under and around playground use under and around playground equipment of any heightequipment of any height
Acceptable playground protective Acceptable playground protective surfacing materials are available in surfacing materials are available in two basic types, unitary or loose-filltwo basic types, unitary or loose-fill
CPSC Table 1-Critical Heights CPSC Table 1-Critical Heights of Tested Materials (in feet/9in of Tested Materials (in feet/9in
depth)depth)
Tests were conducted in accordance with ASTM F1292
Protective SurfacingProtective Surfacing
The CPSC Table 1 contains select loose-fill The CPSC Table 1 contains select loose-fill material data only. material data only.
For other materials, including unitary For other materials, including unitary materials such as pour-in-place urethane materials such as pour-in-place urethane and rubberized artificial turf, or loose-fill and rubberized artificial turf, or loose-fill materials such as tire crumbs and bark materials such as tire crumbs and bark nuggets, test data from an independent nuggets, test data from an independent testing laboratory certifying the critical testing laboratory certifying the critical height of material (per ASTM F1292) must height of material (per ASTM F1292) must be obtained and maintained on file by the be obtained and maintained on file by the operator. operator.
Protective SurfacingProtective SurfacingCenters must maintain Centers must maintain
loose surfacing loose surfacing integrity. integrity.
The surface material The surface material must be properly must be properly drained. drained.
When loose fill, When loose fill, resilient material resilient material becomes compacted, becomes compacted, it must be raked it must be raked and/or turned to and/or turned to restore resilience.restore resilience.
Garden spade used to determine depth of
material7.4.7
Protective SurfacingProtective Surfacing
Inadequate surfacing often exposes trip Inadequate surfacing often exposes trip hazards—in addition to the hazard of hazards—in addition to the hazard of inadequate impact attenuation material.inadequate impact attenuation material.
Protective SurfacingProtective Surfacing
Trip hazard and an exposed rock
Protective SurfacingProtective Surfacing
Surfacing material accumulates Surfacing material accumulates under platforms and slides…under platforms and slides…
Protective SurfacingProtective Surfacing
……leaving the useleaving the use
zone areas with zone areas with
inadequate inadequate protectionprotection
and exposedhazards
Protective SurfacingProtective Surfacing
Inadequate Inadequate surfacing in surfacing in equipment use equipment use zones will result in zones will result in play area closure play area closure until surfacing is until surfacing is restored; the restored; the Licensing Authority Licensing Authority is notified.is notified.
7.4.7
Surfacing ProblemsSurfacing Problems
Squares have become hardened and no longer
provide protection.They also pose a trip hazard.
Surfacing ProblemsSurfacing Problems
Worn surfacing and exposed sub-surface which has hardened—
this center attempted to replace the green turf without going through Plan Review or
replacing the resilient surfacing underneath.
Surfacing ProblemsSurfacing Problems
Missing pieces in use zones mean no protection
plus they present trip hazards
Surfacing ProblemsSurfacing Problems
Uneven surfacing witha hole
Exposed tree roots
Surfacing ProblemsSurfacing Problems
Unitary material in disrepair
Surfacing ProblemsSurfacing Problems
“Puzzle squares” are not appropriate surfacing
Surfacing ProblemsSurfacing ProblemsCheck the integrity
of these mats. Theyage and harden and
often need to be removed because
theyprovide no additional impact attenuation protection, and are actually a harder surface than the
protective surface underneath.
Equipment Use ZonesEquipment Use Zones
• MinimumMinimum 6 ft radius 6 ft radius from perimeter of from perimeter of equipment to any equipment to any unyielding surfaceunyielding surface
• Consult CPSC Consult CPSC Handbook for Public Handbook for Public Playground Safety Playground Safety for specific for specific equipmentequipment
Equipment Use Zones:Equipment Use Zones:
Stationary Equipment (excluding slides):Stationary Equipment (excluding slides):
6 feet in all directions from the 6 feet in all directions from the perimeter of the equipmentperimeter of the equipment
Use zones of two stationary adjacent Use zones of two stationary adjacent pieces may overlap (6 ft) if the pieces may overlap (6 ft) if the designated play surfaces are less than designated play surfaces are less than 30 inches—30 inches—
9 ft if greater than 30 inches9 ft if greater than 30 inches
Use Zone for SlidesUse Zone for SlidesIn front of access In front of access
and to the and to the sides:6ftsides:6ft
At the slide exit:At the slide exit:H + 4ft where H + 4ft where
H=distance from H=distance from protective protective
surfacing to surfacing to highest point of highest point of
the chutethe chute
Slide use zones Slide use zones may never may never
overlapoverlap
Use Zone for Single-Axis Use Zone for Single-Axis SwingsSwings
Front and rear Front and rear of swing:of swing:
2X Height from the 2X Height from the protective surfacing protective surfacing
to the pivot pointto the pivot pointSide of swing: Side of swing:
6 feet6 feet
Front and rear use Front and rear use zones may not zones may not
overlap. Side use overlap. Side use zones may overlapzones may overlap
..
Minimum Clearances for Minimum Clearances for Single-Axis SwingsSingle-Axis Swings
Use Zone for Multi-Axis Use Zone for Multi-Axis SwingsSwings
Tot SwingsTot Swings
The distance from the
underside of anoccupied tot swing seatshould be
no less than24 inches
Equipment Use ZonesEquipment Use Zones Many of the large Many of the large
child care centers child care centers have composite have composite play structures. play structures. Shade structures Shade structures are often are often installed after the installed after the equipment—equipment—verify that use verify that use zones have not zones have not been been compromised.compromised.
Use Zones, Metal Equipment, Use Zones, Metal Equipment, Fencing, Surfacing, Overhead Fencing, Surfacing, Overhead
HazardsHazards
Multiple Hazards
Inadequate Use ZonesInadequate Use Zones
…due to non-anchored, non-commercial equipment in same area with permanent equipment
Inadequate Use ZonesInadequate Use Zones
Inadequate Use ZonesInadequate Use Zones
Inadequate Use ZonesInadequate Use Zones
Inadequate Use ZonesInadequate Use Zones
Fall ProtectionFall Protection
Either guardrails or protective Either guardrails or protective barriers may be used to prevent barriers may be used to prevent inadvertent or unintentional falls off inadvertent or unintentional falls off elevated platforms. In addition, they elevated platforms. In addition, they should be designed to prevent should be designed to prevent intentional attempts by children intentional attempts by children seeking to defeat the barrier either seeking to defeat the barrier either by climbing over or through the by climbing over or through the barrier. barrier.
Fall ProtectionFall Protection
Guardrails or Guardrails or protective barriers protective barriers should completely should completely surround an surround an elevated platform elevated platform except for entrance except for entrance and exit openings and exit openings necessary to necessary to access the play access the play equipment.equipment.
Fall ProtectionFall Protection The recommended elevated surface The recommended elevated surface
heights that require protection are:heights that require protection are:
Preschool-Age—more than 20” Preschool-Age—more than 20”
School-Age—more than 30”School-Age—more than 30”
Platforms that are more than 48” Platforms that are more than 48” require a require a protective barrierprotective barrier..
Fall ProtectionFall Protection
The minimum height should prevent the The minimum height should prevent the largest children from inadvertently falling largest children from inadvertently falling over the guardrail or protective barrier. over the guardrail or protective barrier.
A A guardrailguardrail should extend low enough to should extend low enough to prevent the smallest child from prevent the smallest child from inadvertently stepping under it.inadvertently stepping under it.
A A protective barrierprotective barrier should not permit should not permit children to climb through or under it, and children to climb through or under it, and should preclude passage of the torso should preclude passage of the torso template. template.
Fall ProtectionFall Protection
Recommended specifications
for Guardrails taken fromCPSC Publication No. 325
Fall ProtectionFall Protection
Guardrail Protective Barrier
Fall ProtectionFall Protection
Not required on this piece
Fall ProtectionFall Protection
The recommended minimum height The recommended minimum height of a of a protective barrierprotective barrier is: is:
Preschool-Age Children—minimum Preschool-Age Children—minimum 29”29”
School-Age Children—minimum 38”School-Age Children—minimum 38”
Consult the U.S. Consumer Product Consult the U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission Safety Commission Handbook for Public Handbook for Public Playground Safety Publication No. 325Playground Safety Publication No. 325 for additional information regarding:for additional information regarding:
SurfacingSurfacingUse Zones for EquipmentUse Zones for EquipmentLayout and DesignLayout and DesignInstallation and Maintenance of Installation and Maintenance of
EquipmentEquipmentPlatforms, Guardrails & Protective Platforms, Guardrails & Protective
BarriersBarriersStairways, Ladders & HandrailsStairways, Ladders & HandrailsGeneral HazardsGeneral Hazards
Family Care HomesFamily Care Homes
The street address must be
affixed to the residence and
easily readable from the street.
12.1.1
Family Care HomesFamily Care Homes
Enclosures:Enclosures:
Perimeter fencing or walls and gates mustPerimeter fencing or walls and gates must
be no less than 48 inches (48”) in heightbe no less than 48 inches (48”) in height
Spacing between vertical components or Spacing between vertical components or under the fence must be 3.5” or lessunder the fence must be 3.5” or less
Gates must be secured so children cannot Gates must be secured so children cannot gain unauthorized exitgain unauthorized exit
12.3
Family Care HomesFamily Care Homes
All mechanical All mechanical equipment equipment including heating, including heating, ventilation, air ventilation, air conditioning conditioning systems (HVAC) systems (HVAC) must be must be inaccessibleinaccessible
12.1.3
Family Care HomesFamily Care Homes Exterior garbage and Exterior garbage and
rubbish containers rubbish containers shall be easily shall be easily cleanable, covered cleanable, covered with a tight fitting lid with a tight fitting lid and inaccessible to and inaccessible to children. children.
Anti-siphon, backflow Anti-siphon, backflow prevention, or vacuum prevention, or vacuum breakers shall be breakers shall be installed on all water installed on all water outlets to which a outlets to which a hose may be hose may be attached. attached.
12.114.1.
6
Family Care HomesFamily Care Homes
Use of residential Use of residential swimming pools, swimming pools, spas and portable spas and portable wading pools is wading pools is prohibited for prohibited for children in care children in care during business during business hours.hours.
12.2.1
Family Care HomesFamily Care Homes
Bodies of Water--Bodies of Water--Barriers to Barriers to
Access:Access:Wall or non-climbable, Wall or non-climbable,
permanent fence, permanent fence, minimum 5 ft (5’0”) minimum 5 ft (5’0”) highhigh
Vertical openings not Vertical openings not more than 3 ½” more than 3 ½” apartapart
12.2.2
Family Care Homes Family Care Homes
Bodies of Water--Bodies of Water--Barriers to Access:Barriers to Access:Gates or doors must Gates or doors must
be self-closing withbe self-closing with
positive self-latching positive self-latching mechanisms locatedmechanisms located
42-48” above the 42-48” above the ground on the sideground on the side
facing the body of facing the body of waterwater
12.2.2
Family Care HomesFamily Care Homes
Shade must be provided in addition to the Shade must be provided in addition to the shade offered by the exterior walls of the shade offered by the exterior walls of the
residence:residence:
Minimum 50 sq feet for Family Care HomesMinimum 50 sq feet for Family Care Homes
Minimum 100 sq feet for Group Care HomesMinimum 100 sq feet for Group Care Homes
Mature trees may satisfy thisMature trees may satisfy this requirement requirement
12.3.2
Family Care HomesFamily Care Homes An elevated, An elevated,
portable water table portable water table may be used for may be used for water play—it must water play—it must be emptied, cleaned be emptied, cleaned and sanitized and sanitized immediately after immediately after each useeach use
Sprinkler play is Sprinkler play is permitted as long as permitted as long as the area remains the area remains free of pooling waterfree of pooling water 12.2.
312.2.
4
Family Care HomesFamily Care Homes
An outdoor play An outdoor play area shall be area shall be arranged so that arranged so that all areas in a all areas in a given enclosed given enclosed play yard are play yard are visible to the Child visible to the Child Care ProviderCare Provider
12.3.1
Family Care HomesFamily Care Homes
Age Appropriate Use: Access to play Age Appropriate Use: Access to play equipment shall be limited to age groups for equipment shall be limited to age groups for which the equipment is developmentally which the equipment is developmentally appropriate according to the manufacturer appropriate according to the manufacturer instructions.instructions.
Equipment not commercially manufactured Equipment not commercially manufactured shall comply with the requirements of the shall comply with the requirements of the most current edition of the U.S. Consumer most current edition of the U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission, Product Safety Commission, Handbook for Handbook for Public Playground Safety, Publication No. Public Playground Safety, Publication No. 325.325.
Family Care HomesFamily Care HomesOutdoor Play EquipmentOutdoor Play Equipment
Surfacing and use zones
are non-compliant
Climb-on equipment shall be
positioned at least 6 feet away
from any unyielding surface such as pavement, fences, trees or other equipment.
Family Care HomesFamily Care HomesBackyard HazardsBackyard Hazards
Potentially dangerous tools or equipment, pesticides and other toxic
substances must be maintained inaccessible to children 12.1.
2
Family Care Homes Family Care Homes Backyard HazardsBackyard Hazards
Gas grills need to be inaccessible,
and trampoline use is not allowed
12.1.312.3.3
Family Care HomesFamily Care HomesBackyard HazardsBackyard Hazards
Storage sheds
shall be locked
at all times
12.1.2
Family Care HomesFamily Care HomesBackyard HazardsBackyard Hazards
Garden hoses andloose cable or phone wires
on exterior walls pose
an entanglement hazard
Family Care HomesFamily Care HomesMultiple HazardsMultiple Hazards
Impalement
Entanglement
Tripping
Abrasion
More Hazards, Same More Hazards, Same LocationLocation
Insufficient Use Zone—6’ minimum
Insufficient Surfacing—
positioned on unyielding surface
Family Care HomeFamily Care HomeBackyard HazardsBackyard Hazards
Inadequate Use Inadequate Use ZoneZone
Insufficient Insufficient SurfacingSurfacing
Chairs in the Chairs in the Use ZoneUse Zone
Inspection and ComplianceInspection and Compliance The operator of the The operator of the
Child Care Facility shall Child Care Facility shall maintain a copy of the maintain a copy of the last health inspection last health inspection report as well as a report as well as a copy of the regulations copy of the regulations on file at the facility, on file at the facility, readily available for readily available for parental review.parental review.
Unless otherwise Unless otherwise noted on the noted on the inspection report, all inspection report, all items of violation shall items of violation shall be corrected within 30 be corrected within 30 days.days.
2.0
ResourcesResources www.southernnevadahealthdistrict.orgwww.southernnevadahealthdistrict.orgwhich has links for:which has links for:
--Southern Nevada Health District Regulations --Southern Nevada Health District Regulations Governing the Sanitation of Child Care FacilitiesGoverning the Sanitation of Child Care Facilities--Southern Nevada Health District Regulations --Southern Nevada Health District Regulations Governing the Sanitation of Food Establishments Governing the Sanitation of Food Establishments --Playground Resource Guide (a copy of this --Playground Resource Guide (a copy of this presentation)presentation)
www.cpsc.govwww.cpsc.govwhich has links for:which has links for:
--U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission publication --U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission publication No. 325, No. 325, Handbook for Public Playground Safety,Handbook for Public Playground Safety, and and the the Outdoor Home Playground Safety HandbookOutdoor Home Playground Safety Handbook
Everybody play nice!Everybody play nice!
QUESTIONS???