outline project overview available data image pre-processing and challenges – data accuracy forest...
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Outline
• Project Overview• Available Data• Image Pre-processing and challenges– Data Accuracy
• Forest Stratifications– VANRIS – New Vegetation Map (2011)– Current Forest Cover Map (2013)
• Pending Activities
Project Overview
SPC/GIZ Climate Protection through Forest Conservation in Pacific Island Countries Project
>>Overall Objective: The conservation of forest ecosystems in the Pacific Island Countries is supported in order to mitigate climate change and preserve biodiversity.
Vanuatu to start implement it’s Readiness Preparation Proposal (R-PP)
>> SPC/GIZ – development of system for MRV carbon level and REL >> FCPF of World Bank – policy process
Pilot national REDD+ mechanism on Santo Island
PILOT ISLANDS
The islands of Vanuatu are located approx. 2,200km east of Australia and comprises of 82 islands. The program is focusing on 4 pilot islands:
1. Santo2. Malekula3. Efate4. Erromango
PILOT ISLANDS
Available Data
Acquired by GIZ from Digital Globe
ALOS PalsarL-Band radar dual-pol FBD
25m Wall-to-Wall2007, 2008, 2009, 2010
Acquired by GIZ under the ALOS Science Program Phase 3
World View 2Multispectral
optical2m 11 Scenes 2012
Corresponding Mapping Product and Remarks
Sensor TypeSpatial
ResolutionSpatial
Coverage Temporal Coverage
Vanuatu Department of Lands and Survey: Topographic Map of Vanuatu
NEXTMap TopoSAR ORI
Orthorectified radar image
1.25m Wall-to-Wall 2003
• 11 Scenes total• 8 Band Bundle Data
Multispectral: 1.84 m Panchromatic: 0.46 m
• Level 2A Ortho Ready Standard Imagery• Radiometrically
corrected• Sensor corrected• Projected to a
constant elevation• No terrain correction
WORLDVIEW-2 IMAGE DATA
• 5 m Resolution• By-product of
Ortho-rectified Radar Image (ORI) product.
• Used to derive the Coastline of Espiritu Santo
• The product was assumed to be produced by InterMap Solutions
Digital Surface Model (DSM)
Image pre-processing
Ortho-correction process:
Normal Ortho-rectification with 5m DSM still vertical shifts were visible
Application of Geoid
Two Mapping Activities (Espiritu Santo):
1) Radar-based Deforestation Analysis (Jorg Seifert Granzin: Mesa Consultant [MRV])– Carbon density map for 5 generic forest
strata (medium height forest [open/closed], low forest [open/closed], mangroves)
2) Forest Cover map using VHR Imagery– Currently mapped using Object-Oriented
Classification (Imagine Objective)• Dense Forest, Semi-Dense Forest, Scattered
Forest, Mangrove, Coconut Palm
Forest Stratification
Forest Definition:“Minimum area of land of 0.81 hectare with tree crown cover (or equivalent stocking level) of more than 10 percent with trees with the potential to reach a minimum height of 3 meters at maturity in situ.“
Two Stratification Systems:
1) Vanuatu Resource Information Systems [VANRIS] (Bellamy 1993)
2) New Vegetation Strata which builds on VANRIS (Schweter 2011)
1. VANRIS (Bellamy 1993)
1. VANRIS (Bellamy 1993)
2. New Vegetation Map (Schweter 2011)
Current Forest Mapping Activities @ SOPAC
Overview of Processing Chain
Land Cover Map(Imagine
Objective)
Produce Forest Mask
(Spatial Modeler)
Forest Classification
(Stratified to 3 different densities)
Area Calculation(Access
Database)
Image Data(WV-2)
IMAGINE Objective Process Flow Chart
VectorObjects(training)
VectorObjects
(candidates)
Train Query
Object Cue Metrics
ObjectInferenceEngine
Raster ObjectTo
Raster ObjectOperator
PixelProbability
Laye
RasterObjectLayer
VectorObjectLayer
RasterObjectLayer
Raster ObjectTo
Vector ObjectOperator
Vector ObjectTo
Vector ObjectOperator
VectorObjectLayer
VectorObjectLayer
Prob. PixelsTo
Raster ObjectOperator
VectorObjectLayer
Vector ObjectTo
Vector ObjectOperator
Pixels(training)
Train Query
PixelInferenceEngine
Pixels(candidates)
Pixel Cue Metrics
Interpretation of Forest Classes from Optical Data
Dense Forest - Open Canopy
Scattered ForestDense Forest - Close Canopy
Semi-Dense Forest - Open CanopySemi-Dense Forest – Open Canopy
Semi-Dense Forest – Close Canopy
Mangrove
Interpretation of Forest Classes from Optical Data
Dense Forest - Open Canopy
Scattered ForestDense Forest - Close Canopy
Semi-Dense Forest - Open CanopySemi-Dense Forest – Open Canopy
Semi-Dense Forest – Close Canopy
Mangrove
Coconut
• Stratum maybe subject to change after field verification and consultations with DoF
Challenges and Pending Activities
• Main challenges were:– Orthorectification
• Solved with the application of the geiod model
– IMAGINE Objective• Experimentation (time consuming)• Large scenes (time consuming)
• Future Tasks:– Validation of Segmentation results with field
data collection and accuracy assessment– Consultations with GIZ, DoF, and DoL on a
Forest cover based on an approved national forest definition.
References
• Bellamy, Jennifer A. 1993. “Vanuatu Resource Information System. VANRIS Handbook”. CSIRO Brisbane.
• Schweter, Martin. 2011. “Elaboration of a Vegetation and Land Cover Map of Vanuatu” Under the FAO Program ‘Strengthening of the Monitoring, Assessment and Reporting (MAR) on Sustainable Forest Management (SFM)’. Government of Vanuatu, Ministry of Agriculture, Quarantine, Forestry and Fisheries (MAQFF), Strengthening Monitoring, Assessment and Reporting (MAR) on Sustainable Forest Management (SFM) in Asia Project (GCP/INT/988/JPN) Vanuatu Department of Forest.”
• Herold, Martin, Jacqueline Sambale, Martin Lindner, Marcel Urban, and Sean Weaver. 2007. “Satellite Based Monitoring of the National Forest Resources in the Pacific Island State of Vanuatu. Proceedings of the Tri-National Conference 2007 of the Swiss, Austrian and German Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, 19.-21.06.2007, Basel/ Switzerland, 319-328.”
• Seifert-Granzin, Jörg. 2013. “SAR Based Un-calibrated Biomass Map of Espiritu Santo Island, Vanuatu. Processing Description and Results Version 1.0.”
• Seifert-Granzin, Jörg. 2013. “GHG Inventory Design for Santo Island, Vanuatu Version 2.0”