Stepping Out in the Right Stepping Out in the Right direction: integrating Gender in direction: integrating Gender in EADDEADD

Workshop on Gender and Market-Workshop on Gender and Market-Oriented AgricultureOriented Agriculture

3131stst January to 2 January to 2ndnd February 2011- Addis Ababa February 2011- Addis AbabaGerald Mutinda- EADD, NairobiGerald Mutinda- EADD, Nairobi

OverviewOverviewBrief about EADD, Specific Gender issues & challenges faced

Gender Strategy- a highlight

Implementing the strategies

Key intermediary results & upcoming plans

Conclusions & lessons

EADD in briefEADD in brief

• A 4 (& ½) years smallholder dairy project• Vision-Double dairy income in 179,000

families • Knowledge based interventions to:• Sustainably increase dairy productivity &

efficiency• Expand dairy markets and increase access

• Through the dairy-hub approach• Countries; Kenya, Rwanda & Uganda• A consortium of partners led by Heifer

international- Technoserve, ILRI, ICRAF, ABS

Cornerstone of the project: the Cornerstone of the project: the hub approachhub approach

Specific Gender issues in the Specific Gender issues in the ProjectProject

A significant deficit; Gender not mainstreamed in design,

Weak Staff capacity & commitment on genderLow & passive participation of women in

DFBAsChilling plants less responsive to women’s

needs (payment modalities, control over milk, shares)

Intra-household dynamics- Assets control, norms workloads, access to trainings, credit, decision making

Strategies Employed Strategies Employed Baseline survey- identified key gender issues &

informed strategy:

Patterns of ownership-livestock & other assets; Electronic, communication, transport related, farm equipment and tools

Access to & use of general & livestock technologies-irrigation, improved breeding strategies-A.I. Expenditure on livestock services

Access to & use of other services (credit, training, membership in groups, investing credit to dairying, reasons not accessing credit)

Decision making patterns (e.g. use of A.I, sale of milk, dominance influence or joint,

Participation in milk markets & membership in Coops- proportion selling milk,

Who receives money from sale of milk- morning and evening milk, formal and traditional markets

Strategies Employed Strategies Employed A gender integration strategy

developed- based on baseline & other consultations; led to-;

Reforming project structure- gender focal points, gender working groups, hiring gender specialists

Training of staff on why gender matters & gender analysis

Targeting “traditional women groups” to expand their productivity and market access capacities.

Strategies Employed Strategies Employed Reforming frontline extension delivery

systems- more female trainers, gender sensitizing trainers

Attempts to incorporate gender actions in operating plans & budget

Review of project milestones- more gendered.

Exploiting national policies to stimulate change- the law on at least 30% women in leadership

Implementing the strategiesImplementing the strategiesSharing & popularizing the strategy to

project staff & partners (during trainings, meetings…)

Clear role and responsibilities outlined in the strategy, (for focal points, project managers…)

The strategy as a guide to deriving annual operating plans & budgeting, e.g. ◦Priority themes for 2011;

Sharpening capacity & attitude of staff to integrate gender

Rallying DFBAs/CPs to mainstream Gender in services Documenting results for learning & improved practice

ImplementationImplementationRecruiting more

females community based frontline extension workers,

Adopting national affirmative action policies- 30% women participation in leadership

Targeting more women as model farmers

Agnes Luweesi a model Fodder Farmer in Uganda trains a group of farmers on a study visit

Analysis of ResultsAnalysis of ResultsIncreased women

participation in leadership

Women in leadership positions increases-exceed targets! (Ken. 257%)

Yet women membership in DFBAs still low!(25% RW)

Subsequent marketing activities dominated by male farmers & entrepreneurs

ANALYSIS OF RESULTSANALYSIS OF RESULTS

Enhancing staff capacity & reforming structure Increasing sensitivity & accountability among staffVisibility of GFPs & GWGs- make recommendationsA nascent commitment in management

Analysis of ResultsAnalysis of Results

Promoting gender sensitive technologies-

Currently Biogas & Pulverizers been promoted.

Model farmer, Gideon Tanui (Kenya) using a pulverizer prepares fodder for dry spell

Analysis of ResultsAnalysis of Results

Targeting extension services to women

farmers

Couples encouraged to participate in learning trips and trainingsTraining & demonstrations localized in the villages, timings adjusted to accommodate women Deploying more females trainers, frontline extension workers (sensitized on gender concepts

Targeting women only dairy interest groups

Future plans to introduce- Household approach & village savings & loan association programs

Target Women farmers as model farmers (no. still low 26% in UGA)

Analysis of ResultsAnalysis of Results5. Challenges Qualitative data show less

progress in extending economic benefits to women (Mid-term evaluation July 2010),

Attributable to longstanding cultural & economic factors

Applying gender analysis to improve planning still a challenge.

Concealing anecdotal gender outcomes- how to capture low visibility yet sensible changes in gender relations?

TANGO international Evaluators conduct an FDG

with Female Farmers in Nyagatare Rwanda- July

2010

Conclusion & LessonsConclusion & LessonsOften gender aspects are noted in programs

& project proposals- lip service!But how to actually incorporate the concept

across all operational levels is more complex.

More effort is demanded to ensure required support is provided

With efforts even a design deficit (lack of inbuilt mainstreaming approach) can be mitigated.

Integration or mainstreaming= commitment matters!

LessonsLessonsA gender aware livestock project is not just a

technical project!- HH/community dynamics,

A Gender policy is a powerful stimulus for change

Women likely to curve new roles in the Traditional markets compared to CP hubs (a research question!)

Male farmers are interested in change, especially when it makes a business sense to HH wellbeing!

Thank You!