overview - · pdf filegood glazing , improved roof ... • low-emitting paints, coatings,...
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LEED Overview
� Design and construction practices that significantly reduce or eliminate the negative impact of buildings on the environment and occupants that address:• Sustainable site planning • Safeguarding water and water efficiency• Energy efficiency • Conservation of materials and resources• Indoor environmental quality
� Historic Drivers: Oil crisis, sick building syndrome, economics, marketing
� Future: Restorative Design
What is Green Design?
What is LEED?
Leadership in Energy & Environmental Design
Comprehensive& National
Green building rating system
Evolvesover time
Documentationbased
SiteWaterEnergyMaterialsIndoor
• 6 categories• 7 mandatory
prerequisites• 34 credits• 69 points
• Categories not equally weighted
• Points not equal benefit
Water
Efficiency
8%Energy &
Atmosphere
27%
Materials &
Resources
20%
Sustainable
Sites
22%
Indoor
Environmental
Quality
23%
LEED-NC Structure
Four levels of certification:• LEED Certified 26-32 points • Silver Level 33-38 points • Gold Level 39-51 points • Platinum Level 52-69 points
• There is no Bronze level
LEED-NC Levels
LEED-NC Scorecard
LEED Process
D/P/S Approach to LEED
• Performance first: energy/carbon, water
• People (nearly) first: comfort, operable windows, healthy materials
• Material conservation
• Streamline the process and paperwork
• Support the owner, consultant, and contractors throughout the process
Owner
Architect
MEP Structural InteriorsCivil Landscape
GeneralContractor
Subcontractors
LEED
• LEED needs to be integrated into the design process
• Requires buy-in from entire team
• Can be accomplished with any delivery method
LEED Process
• LEED needs to integrated into the design process
• Requires buy-in from entire team
• Can be accomplished with any delivery method
Owner
Architect/LEED
MEP Structural InteriorsCivil Landscape
GeneralContractor
Subcontractors
LEED Process
• Team Composition– Who will manage the LEED effort?– Who will the commissioning agent work for?– Any need for specialty consultants?
• Cisterns, daylight, acoustics, energy modeling
– Integrated design• Propose, evaluate, refine strategies• Brainstorming, charettes, reviews• Maximize benefits, minimize risks
– Experience matters• Material knowledge• Process support• Credit strategy overlaps
LEED Process
(Students,patients,etc.)
LEED Process
• How do you set reasonable targets, and avoid point chasing?
• Efficiency is not a Yes or No question– Code is just the beginning, we need to offer an alternative– LEED is usually a midpoint– Performance is a spectrum
Code LEED Zero Restorative
Setting Targets
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
Code compliant, EPA 1992
53% ThornburgWaterless urinals, dual flush toilets, faucet sensors
30% Jefferson GreenLow-flow urinals, faucet sensors
Waterless and low-flow fixturesGraywater or rainwater reuse
Water Targets
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
Good glazing , improved roofPackaged air-to-air heat pumps
Energy Targets
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
Good glazing , improved roofPackaged RTUs with VAV
Energy Targets
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%Improved roof and envelopeHigh efficiency RTUs
Energy Targets
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
Improved roof & glazingUnderfloor air, evap cooling, lighting sensors, operable windows
Energy Targets
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
Improved roof & glazingUnderfloor air, evaporative cooling, operable windows
Energy Targets
Case Study: Jefferson Green
• 2 separate LEED projects
• LEED-CS Gold
• LEED-CI Gold
Jefferson Green
Jefferson Green• Speculative building
• Multiple tenants
• Market rate
• Performance
• Energy
• Water
• Tenant amenities
• LEED certification
• 85,000sf
• 3 stories
• Respond to solar orientation
• Typical R-19 walls, clear low-e glazing
• External shading
Envelope
• Reflective roof
• R-30 insulation
• Operable windows
Envelope
Iterative design process- Performance- Aesthetics- Modeling/Calcs
- Energy vs daylight vs views vs budget
Envelope
• Underfloor air distribution• Evaporative cooling
– Direct/indirect– Free cooling
• Refrigerated backup• Rooftop AHUs• Gas boilers• T5 fluorescent lighting
• 45% energy savings
System Design
Integrated design of UFAD:– Reduced building height by 2’-6” and downsized equipment– Helped offset cost of system– Architectural detailing of walls and penetrations– Coordination of diffusers, flooring, and furniture
System Design
Impact on People
Interior Environment
Materials
• Natural• Recycled• Regional• Renewable• Reused• Low-emitting
Materials
• Natural linoleum flooring and tackwall: renewable, recycled
• War room walls are xorel, a durable recycled fabric product
• Low-emitting paints, coatings, adhesives, sealants, carpets, and composite wood
• Green Guard certified furniture with recycled content
Construction
Site
• Preserve existing trees• Direct run-off to planted areas • Xeric landscaping • Irrigation from the city’s non-potable
line• Cutoff light fixtures to minimize light
pollution• Bike racks and a designated smoking
area
– 1st LEED-CS project in NM– 1st LEED Gold commercial office
building in NM– 1 of only a handful of “Double
Gold” buildings in the world
Costs & Benefits
LEED Costs
• National studies say 2%, we estimate 2-5%
• Minimizing first cost is not always the best decision
• Jefferson Green: 5% premium, 5 year payback
• Invested in envelope and systems
• Lower bills than previous building (1/3 the size)
• Utility cost of $0.70/sf (instead of $2/sf)
• Costs include:
• USGBC fees of 3.5 cents/sf
• Fees for LEED management, commissioning agent, energy modeling
• Additional construction first costs
• What does this building save per year?
– 6,290,000 kBtu energy– 858 tons CO2 emissions– 222,300 gallons of water
indoors
Costs & Benefits