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OVERVIEW OF IWMI-CA ACTIVITIES
AND
CHALLENGES OF WATER RESOURCES
MANAGEMENT IN TRANSBOUNDARY AMU DARYA
RIVER BASIN
Zafar Gafurov, Oyture Anarbekov and Umida Solieva
IWMI-Central Asia Office
June 02, Laxenburg, Austria
INTERNATIONAL WATER MANAGEMENT INSTITUTE
IWMI is a non-profit, scientific research organization with focus on the sustainable use of water and land resources in developing countries
IWMI established in 1985 with HQ in Sri Lanka More than 150 researchers in 12 Offices IWMI works in partnership with governments, civil
society and the private sector to develop scalable agricultural water management solutions that have a real impact on livelihoods, food security and ecosystem
IWMI’S ACTIVITIES IN CENTRAL ASIA
IWMI started its activities in Central Asia in 2001 with main focus of research on:
Introduction of IWRM principles and Basin Planning
Establishing water management institutions
Identifying best practices for water savings
Improving irrigation performance
Land Degradation and Salinity Management
GIS/Remote sensing and climate change
Member of Regional Program for Sustainable Agricultural Development in Central Asia and Caucasus led by ICARDA
Implemented Programs/Projects in Uzbekistan: SDC: IWRM-FV (2001-2012) SDC: WPI-PL (2008-2012) ADB: Bright Spots and others CRP Water, Land & Ecosystems GIZ/BMZ: Improving irrigation efficiency in Potato fields IWMI hosts GWP-CACENA Partnership with European Universities (Humboldt
University Berlin, CDE/University of Bern/IMoMo and other active networks/initiatives
CURRENT ACTIVE PROJECTS
EU Programme “Sustainable mgt of water resources in rural areas of Uzbekistan”
PEER Cycle 4 project “Mitigating the competition for water in Amudarya River basin by improving water use efficiency”PEER Cycle 5 project “Implications of climate change, land use and adaptation interventions on water resources and agricultural production in Transboundary Amu Darya river basin“PEER Cycle 6 project “Reducing water pollution and carbon emissions fromirrigated areas by improving irrigation management
GIZ Transboundary Water Programme: QGIS Trainings and Generation of Diagnostic Digital Atlas in GIZ Interventions on Murgab Basin Analysis and Planning
IMoMo Outscaling Project: improvement WCA financial performance by introduction innovative tools/technologies of water accounting
GOVERNANCE AND MANAGEMENT BODIES IN
DIFFERENT LEVELS OF WATER HIERARCHY IN CA
Management Authority Water Hierarchy Levels Governance Authority
Management of Main CanalsSystem Water Canal Committee
or Federation of WUAs
WUA Directorate WUA (WCA) WUA Council
Тerritorial Management Unit of BWO
MINISTRY
Sub-Basin System Water Management
TSR Basin Level
National
Sub-basin
Basin Water Committee
National Water Council
Sub-basin Water Committee
Water Users
BWO(Syrdarya, Amudarya)
RegionalICWC
EC IFAS IFAS BoardAral Sea Basin
Po
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y L
eve
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ns
titu
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tre
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Te
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Ca
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uil
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“From 1960 to 2008, the basin population
more than doubled to an estimated figure of
almost 60 million today. Increased
population and increased irrigated land, as
well as deteriorating water infrastructures,
have led to what is known worldwide as ‘the
Aral Sea catastrophe’”“This includes health problems,
high rates of child mortality,
desiccation of the Aral Sea,
biodiversity degradation, salt-dust
transport from the dry bed of the
Sea, and a loss of pastures,
fisheries and wetlands”
Source: Executive Committee, International Fund for saving the Aral Sea, 2010
IRRIGATED AREAS IN ARAL SEA BASIN
7
ARAL SEA SURFACE WATER CHANGE DYNAMICS
SALT MOVEMENT FROM ARAL SEA - May 27.2018
AMUDARYA AND INDUS TRANSBOUNDARY RIVER BASINS
The transboundary Indus basin, with an area size of 1.1 million sq.km, is spread across Afghanistan, China, India and Pakistan
The Transboundary Amu Darya river basin is a major river in Central Asia which is shared by Tajikistan, Afghanistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan and Kyrgyzstan with a basin area of little more than 1 mln km2
26.3 mln ha is irrigated
Population 300 mln
3.8 – 4 mln ha is irrigated
Population 50 mln
SMALL TRANSBOUNDARY TRIBUTARIES (STT’s)
AND EXISTING CHALLENGES
Afghanistan
STT’s SHARED WITH DIFFERENT COUNTRIES
Surface water resources Countries1 Pyanje Tajikistan, Afghanistan2 Kizil Su Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan3 Zerafshan Tajikistan, Uzbekistan4 Surhandarya Tajikistan, Uzbekistan5 Karatag Tajikistan, Uzbekistan6 Tupalang Tajikistan, Uzbekistan7 Kofirnigan Tajikistan, Uzbekistan8 Murgab Turkmenistan, Afghanistan9 Tedjen Turkmenistan, Iran and Afghanistan10 Karshi main canal Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan11 Amu-Bukhara main canal Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan12 Tashsaka main canal Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan13 Klichbay main canal Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan14 Kipchakbozsu main canal Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan15 Vakhsh aquifer Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan
www.iwmi.org
Water for a food-secure world
Lift Irrigation in Karshi steppe
Karshi Main Canal
Pumps
• Pumping distance is about 80 km• Pumping altitude is about 153 m• Irrigated area is about 335,000 ha• Study area is a home for 1,5 mln
people
WATER –ENERGY-FOOD NEXUS ASSESSMENT ALONG
USAID - PEER 4 PROJECT
DECISION SUPPORT DATABASE DEVELOPED
Zones Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
1 42,9 45,0 97,9 158,2 233,7 241,8 273,8 225,4 174,9 108,2 59,2 29,9
2 40,2 41,2 89,2 149,4 223,8 234,9 264,5 221,5 169,8 104,0 55,2 28,3
3 36,2 36,3 76,1 132,3 208,6 224,9 250,7 214,5 162,8 98,4 48,2 26,2
4 34,9 35,1 72,2 125,0 203,9 221,2 245,2 211,3 160,9 97,2 45,8 25,8
5 34,7 35,0 71,7 123,1 202,9 219,9 243,6 210,2 160,8 97,2 45,4 25,8
6 34,3 35,1 71,0 121,4 202,2 219,1 242,9 210,1 161,3 97,7 45,1 25,8
7 34,0 35,5 70,9 118,1 201,5 217,1 240,8 208,7 161,8 98,2 44,9 25,9
8 33,0 34,9 69,4 113,2 197,8 212,3 235,7 204,6 160,2 97,0 43,8 25,2
9 31,3 33,4 66,2 106,4 191,3 205,3 228,5 198,8 157,1 94,5 41,9 23,8
10 30,2 32,3 64,3 103,1 186,9 201,6 224,7 195,7 154,9 92,8 40,8 22,9
11 29,2 31,1 62,5 100,8 182,0 198,9 222,0 193,2 152,6 91,0 39,8 22,2
12 29,1 30,8 61,8 99,9 180,0 198,8 221,7 192,5 151,8 90,5 39,3 22,0
REFERENCE EVAPOTRANSPIRATION
MAP FOR KASHKADARYA
HYDROLOGICAL ASSESSMENT OF
AMUDARYA RIVE BASIN ALONG
USAID – PEER 5 PROJECT
Amu Darya is the largest river in Central Asia with acatchment area of 534,739 km2 and length of 2,400 km.It is a transboundary river shared by Afghanistan,Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, and Uzbekistan.
Google Earth Engine + ArcGIS
AUTOMATED INSTRUMENT DEVELOPED COMBINING
GOOGLE ENGINE AND ARCGIS
VEGETATION CHANGE ASSESSMENT
USING AUTOMATED TOOL
BASIN MANAGEMENT AND PLANNING ALONG EU –
GIZ PROJECT
Partnership in Implementation:EU: GIZ, CREA and UBAPilot Regions: 6 BISAs 2 River BasinsWCAs: 3 WCAs in 3 Provinces6 Demonstration sites
ASSESSMENT OF FLOOD AND DROUGHTS,
EXAMPLE FROM AKHANGARAN RIVER
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
SUB BASINS
Порядковый номер
Number ofwatersheds
1st 7487
2nd 1534
3d 320
4th 70
5th 20
6th 4
7th 1
using an initial
catchment area of
about 13 ha
The goal: to implement an automated workflow for flash flood potential mapping based on the terrain characteristics
FLOOD PRONE ZONES
DE MARTONNE ARIDITY INDEX
RESEARCH CAPACITY BUILDING
In accordance with the available budget, capacity building activities will be conducted in Uzbekistan.
Special training seminars related to GIS/RS application for land and water resource management and crop
classification, as well as Evapotranspiration calculations for small and big scale water management, will be
conducted for students of the Tashkent Institute of Irrigation and Melioration (TIIM) and Uzhydromet the
Centre of Hydrometeorological Service in Uzbekistan.
MSc degree and PhD students of TIIM and Uzhydromet will have great chance to conduct their field
studies and practical internships throughout the project implementation period. Seminars will be
organized for disseminating project achievements and developed tools along with future water
management adaptation strategies in the condition of changing climate.
CHALLENGES
POSSIBLE SOLUTIONS
Linkages between Indus and Amudarya river basin platforms
Learning agreements
Enhance scientific research activities and cooperation
Improve data availability and visibility
Research gap analysis
IWMI PUBLICATIONS
• http://www.iwmi.cgiar.org/resources/apps/