overview of rabies vaccine supply - 2005 c. e. rupprecht centers for disease control &...
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Overview of Rabies Vaccine Supply - 2005
C. E. RupprechtCenters for Disease Control & PreventionUSA
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Rabies Vaccine Supplies - Objectives
- Describe current situation- Propose partial near term solutions- Discuss future strategies
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Animal Rabies in the USA is Common (n=7560*)
RaccoonSkunkBatFoxCatCattleDogEquidsMongooseWoodchuckBobcatOther WildlifeSheep/GoatsOther Domestic* Current 5 year mean value
Usually 1-3 human cases per year
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Human Rabies Via Transplanted Organs/Tissues – May/June 2004
Donor
Lung
Liver
Kidney
Kidney
Arterial Graft
(died during surgery)
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Rabies is Episodic:Human Exposures To A Suspect Sheep – July, 2004
At a petting zoo more than ~600 persons were exposed to Cybill, a mature ewe (unvaccinated)…
Non-specific inclusions
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Canine Rabies Translocations, 2004
Laredo, March
JuneMay
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Rabies Continues to Evolve: Flagstaff, AZ, 2004-2005
A rabid skunk was reported in August and a gray fox during September with bat virus characteristics…
A previous outbreak in skunks (N=19) during 2001 was mediated by bat (Western Eptesicus fuscus) rabies…
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Rabies Prophylaxis
- Wound care- Immune globulin (20 IU/kg)-Vaccination (days 0,3,7,14,28)
20,000-40,000 exposures per year
Estimated costs: $1200-$1500/per course
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Rabies Biologicals
3 Vaccines:- HDCV- PCEC- RVA
2 Immune globulins: -Bayrab-Imogam
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Human Rabies Vaccine Recall - March, 2004
CDC and the FDA were notified that a quality-assurance test of IMOVAX® Rabies Vaccine (Aventis Pasteur, Swiftwater, Pennsylvania) identified the presence of non-inactivated Pitman-Moore rabies virus in a single product lot. The vaccine lot containing non-inactivated virus was not distributed. As a precautionary measure, Aventis Pasteur initiated a voluntary recall of lots produced during the same period, with an expectation of additional vaccine availability in 2005…
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Rabies Vaccine Needs
Consideration of RV stockpilesDevelopment of emergency INDsResolution of indigent concernsRenewed discussions w/FDAAdvocacy for research on RV biologicals