overview of the w3c semantic sensor network (ssn) ontology

Overview of the W3C Semantic Sensor Network

Ontology

Raúl García-Castro

Ontology Engineering Group. Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Spain

[email protected]

Overview of the SSN ontology © Raúl García Castro

Index

•  W3C Semantic Sensor Network XG •  Semantic Sensor Network ontology •  Use case: coastal flood emergency planning

(FP7 SSG4Env project) •  Conclusions

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W3C Semantic Sensor Network (SSN) XG

•  Goal: To begin the formal process of producing ontologies that define the capabilities of sensors and sensor networks

•  Duration: March 2009 – June 2011 -  Continuity: W3C Semantic Sensor Networks CG (Since Feb. 2012)

•  24 Participants from 14 institutions: -  CSIRO, Wrigth State University, University of Surrey, Universidad Politécnica de

Madrid, Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute, Fraunhofer Gesellschaft, Pennsylvania State University, The Open University, University of Southampton, Open Geospatial Consortium, DERI at the National University of Ireland, Ericsson, Boeing, Fundación CTIC

•  Outcomes: -  Final report

•  http://www.w3.org/2005/Incubator/ssn/XGR-ssn/ -  Semantic Sensor Network (SSN) ontology

•  http://purl.oclc.org/NET/ssnx/ssn

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W3C SSN XG motivation

•  Sensor data are not just data: -  Event-based nature of sensors and sensor networks -  Temporal and spatial relationships -  Physical constraints (e.g., limited power availability, limited

memory, variable data quality, loose connectivity)

•  Reflect the Open Geospatial Consortium standards: -  Sensor Model Language (SensorML) -  Observations and Measurements (O&M)

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Motivating use cases

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http://www.w3.org/2005/Incubator/ssn/XGR-ssn/


Index



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Ontology module

Class

Individual

Subclass-of property

Type property

Object or datatype property

Equivalent to a restriction in an object property

Subclass of a restriction in an object property

Legend

Module

Class

= objectProperty only | some

objectProperty only | some

property Class

Class

Class

Individual

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SSO Pattern

Device

Deployment

PlatformSite

System

Process

ConstraintBlock MeasuringCapability

OperatingRestriction

Data

Overview of the SSN ontology modules

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SSO Pattern

Device

Deployment

PlatformSite

System

System

onPlatform only

hasSubsystem only, some SurvivalRange

hasSurvivalRange only

OperatingRange hasOperatingRange only

hasDeployment only DeploymentRelatedProcess

Deployment

deploymentProcesPart only

deployedSystem only

Platform

deployedOnPlatform only

attachedSystem only

Device

Sensor

SensingDevice

Sensing implements some

observes only

hasMeasurementCapability only

inDeployment only

Stimulus

detects only

isProxyFor only ObservationValue

SensorOutput hasValue some

isProducedBy some

Process

Process

hasInput only

hasOutput only, some

Input

Output

Observation

observedBy only

featureOfInterest only

observationResult only

Property

observedProperty only hasProperty only, some

isPropertyOf some

sensingMethodUsed only

includesEvent some

FeatureOfInterest

ConstraintBlock

Condition inCondition only

MeasuringCapability

MeasurementCapability

forProperty only

OperatingRestriction

inCondition only

Data

Overview of the SSN ontologies

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Communication MeasuringCapability

MeasurementCapability MeasurementProperty hasMeasurementProperty only

Accuracy

DetectionLimit Drift

Frequency

MeasurementRange

Precision Resolution

ResponseTime

Selectivity

Sensitivity

Latency

SSO Pattern

EnergyRestriction OperatingRestriction

OperatingRange OperatingProperty hasOperatingProperty only

EnvironmentalOperatingProperty MaintenanceSchedule

SurvivalRange SurvivalProperty hasSurvivalProperty only

EnvironmentalSurvivalProperty SystemLifetime BatteryLifetime

OperatingPowerRange

Property

Sensor and environmental properties

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Data

Device

Deployment PlatformSite System

System DeploymentRelated Process

Deployment

Platform

Device

Sensor

SensingDevice

Sensing

SensorInput

ObservationValue

SensorOutput

Process

Process

SSO Pattern

Observation Property

FeatureOfInterest

DOLCE UltraLite

Situation Method Region Object

Event

Quality Event

InformationObject PhysicalObject

Process

DesignedArtifact or

Alignment to DOLCE UltraLite

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Index

•  W3C Semantic Sensor Network XG •  Semantic Sensor Network ontology •  Use case: coastal flood emergency

planning (FP7 SSG4Env project) •  Conclusions

12


Ontologies overview

SWEET

Service

Coastal Defences

Ordnance Survey

Additional Regions

Role

DOLCE UltraLite

Schema

FOAF

Upper

External

Infrastructure

Flood domain

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SSN SSN Extension

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SSNExtension ontology

dul:Collection

DUL

ObservationCollection

hasMember dul:Entity

ssn:Observation

dul:Situation

SSN

directlyPrecedes directlyFollows

hasMember only

PropertySummary

hasPropertySummary

ssn:Property forMeasuredProperty

ssn:ObservationValue

hasQuantityValue

xsd:float

hasQuantityUnitOfMeasure

dul:UnitOfMeasure

hasMeasuredValue (Mean, Median, Mode)

ssn:Sensor observes only

hasMeasurementCapability only

ssn:MeasurementCapability forProperty only

SSN

ssn:MeasurementProperty

hasMeasurementProperty only

ssn:Frequency ssn:MeasurementRange

(Min, Max) hasMeasurementPropertyValue

DUL

hasObservation (Min, Max, First, Last)

hasObservationPeriod

dul:TimeInterval

xsd:datetime

hasIntervalDate

coversTemporalInterval

(Start, End)

includesCollection

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Sensor

observes

hasMeasurementCapability

ObservationValue

Property

MeasurementCapability forProperty

Sensor Capabilities example

MeasurementProperty hasMeasurementProperty

MeasurementRange

hasQuantityValue


hasMeasurementPropertyMinValue

hasMeasurementPropertyMaxValue

Sensor001 cd:WaveHeight

WaveHeightMeasurementCapability

WaveHeightMeasurementRange_1

WaveHeightValue_1 3.6

hasQuantityValue

WaveHeightValue_2

meter

1.2


dul:UnitOfMeasure

“Sensor001 can measure wave heights with a minimum value of 1.2 and a maximum one of 3.6”

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Infrastructure. Service ontology

coversRegion

hasTemporalExtent

hasSpatialExtent

hasDataset

hasInterface

hasServiceType

containsOperation hasParameter

includesProperty

includesFeature

hasEndpointReference

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hasSchema

hasStyleURL

WebService

StatefulWebService

xsd:string

sw:Dataset

sw:Region sw:SpatialExtent

sw:TemporalExtent

ssn:Property

ssn:FeatureOfInterest sm:Schema

xsd:anyURI

Interface Operation Parameter

DataAccessInterface … ServiceType

OGCS.T. InfrastructureS.T. GeoJSONS.T. XMLS.T. RSSXMLS.T.

Schema SSN

SWEET XSD

ISO 19119

RDFS.T.

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Infrastructure. Schema Metadata ontology

hasExtent

hasPrimaryKey

hasAttribute or

hasSQLType

hasTimestampAttribute

17

equivalentToProperty

Extent

Relation Stream

Schema

DatabaseSchema DataStreamSchema

PrimaryKey

Attribute

TimestampAttribute

ssn:Property

SQLType

SSN

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Domain. Coastal Defences ontology

locatedInRegion ssn:hasProperty

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ssn:Property ssn:FeatureOfInterest sw:Region

AssetProperty OceanRegionProperty

Asset os:TopographicObject

OceanRegion …

…

TideHeight WaveHeight

SSN SWEET

OS

ssn:hasProperty only

AnyOceanRegion ssn:hasProperty

ssn:hasProperty

sw:Unit

dul:UnitOfMeasure

DUL

degree hectopascal

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Domain. Features and properties

•  Physical atmosphere •  Air temperature •  Air pressure •  Wind speed •  Wind gust speed •  Wind direction •  Visibility

•  Ocean region •  Sea temperature •  Wave height •  Maximum wave height •  Predicted wave height •  Wave periodicity •  Vertical heave •  Tide height •  Predicted tide height

•  Asset •  Height •  Condition •  Class •  Width •  Inspection date •  Maintainer •  Location •  Mastermap Id

•  Flood plain •  Water depth

•  Flood zone •  Flood zone type

•  Flood defence policy •  Strategic defence option

•  Vessel •  Location •  Name •  Bearing •  Type •  Size •  Callsign •  Speed •  ETA •  Destination •  Draught

•  Road problem •  Location •  Road identifier •  Description •  Event time

19 19


Domain. Additional Regions ontology

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sw:Region

gz:NamedPlace

Coastal Defence Partnership •  Coastal Defence Partnership •  Coastal Defence Partnership (Modelled area)

Solent •  Solent •  Solent (Modelled area) •  Solent (AIS live)

South East England •  South East England •  South East England (BRANCH) •  South East England (CCO) •  South East England (Highways Agency)

South West England •  South West England (Highways Agency)

Southern Coastal England •  Southern Coastal England (CCO)

Poole Bay •  Poole Bay (Wavenet)

Competent Harbour Authorities •  Southampton Competent Harbour Authority •  Portsmouth Competent Harbour Authority

Statutory Harbour Authorities •  Southampton Statutory Harbour Authority •  Portsmouth Statutory Harbour Authority •  Cowes Statutory Harbour Authority

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Domain. Role ontology

hasRegionOfResponsibility

hasResponsibility

undertakesTask

foaf:member

21

assumesRole

hasPosition occupies

hasSubOrganization

ssn:hasProperty

hasRelatedProperty

hasRelatedFeature

isFulfilledBy

defines isAssignedTo

appliesTo

ssn:Property

ssn:FeatureOfInterest

Position

Role Task

Responsibility

Duty

foaf:Person

foaf:Organization

sw:Region

SSN

SWEET

FOAF

isOperatedWithin

assignsTask

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Index



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Conclusions

The SSN ontology: •  Is compatible with the OGC standards •  Is aligned with an upper ontology

-  Dolce Ultra Light (DUL)

•  Only includes core concepts; needs to be extended: -  time, location, units of measurement, domain specific

(feature/property/sensor) hierarchies, etc.

•  Does not need to be wholly reused -  Only observations -  Only sensors -  ...

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References

•  COMPTON, M., BARNAGHI, P., BERMUDEZ, L., GARCÍA-CASTRO, R., CORCHO, O., COX, S., GRAYBEAL, J., HAUSWIRTH, M., HENSON, C., HERZOG, A., HUANG, V., JANOWICZ, K., KELSEY, W., PHUOC, D., LEFORT, L., LEGGIERI, M., NEUHAUS, H., NIKOLOV, A., PAGE, K., PASSANT, A., SHETH, A., TAYLOR, K. The SSN Ontology of the W3C Semantic Sensor Network Incubator Group. Web Semantics: Science, Services and Agents on the World Wide Web, North America, 17, oct. 2012.

•  GARCÍA-CASTRO, R., CORCHO, O., & HILL, C. (2012). A Core Ontological Model for Semantic Sensor Web Infrastructures. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS), 8(1), 22-42.

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Thank you for your attention!

overview of the w3c semantic sensor network (ssn) ontology

Internet

ssn ontology modules

ssn ontologies

sensor networks temporal

sensor networks duration

property type property

process process hasinput

object property subclass

property observedproperty