overview of umts
TRANSCRIPT
1
Overview of UMTS
Guoyou He
Tik-109.551
Helsinki University of Technology
2
Agenda• Introduction
• Evolution from GSM to UMTS
• UMTS Architecture
• UMTS Protocols
• UMTS Services
• UMTS Venders
• Terminal Availability
• Summary
3
Introduction (1/4)
1G– Introduced in late 1970s and early 1980s
– Typical Systems: AMPS, NMT and TACS
– Services: Aanalog voice and basic mobility
– Problems: incompatability, limited capacity
4
Introduction (2/4)
2G– Development started in 1982
– First GSM network was opened in Finland in 1991
– Typical Systems: GSM, D-AMPS, PDC and CDMA
– Services: Speech transmission, data transmission and supplementary services
– Problems: Incompatability, not fully globalized
5
Introduction (3/4)3G
– Development:
• Research on the suitability of CDMA and TDMA for 3G started in 1991
• 3GPP was created in Denmark in 1998, it specifies UMTS standards
– Target: Globalization of mobile communicaitons
– Requirements:
• Worldwidely valid system having standardized open major interfaces
• Clearly added value to GSM and backward compatible at least with GSM and ISDN
• Must support multimedia
• Worldwidely available generic radio access providing wideband capacity
• Services must be independent from radio access technology
• Network infrastructure must not limit the services to be generated
6
Introduction (4/4)
3G (continued)
– UMTS – Universal Mobile Telecommunications System: The European vision of 3G
• 3GPP R99 frozen in March 2000
• 3GPP R4 frozen in March 2001
• 3GPP R5 frozen in March 2002 or June 2002
• 3GPP R6 target time June 2003, estimated time December 2003
– UMTS is already a reality
7
Evolution from GSM to UMTS (1/12)
GSM Networks
NMS
BSS
Um A
BTS TRAUBSC GMSCMSC/VLR
HLR/AuC/EIR
NSSMS
PSTN
X.25
PSPDN
ISDN
V
A
S
I
N
CAMEL
HW&SW Changes for HSCSDGSM Phase 2+
8
Evolution from GSM to UMTS (2/12)
• GSM offers 9.6 kb/s symmetric data connection
• To provide service, VAS platforms as service nodes and centers were added to the GSM (e.g. SMSC, VMS)
• Basic GSM and VAS are intended for mass people, to provide more individual services, IN were integrated with GSM (e.g. pre-paid, free-phone, etc.)
• The capability limits support for data services
• HSCSD was introduced
– Bit rate increased from 9.6 kb/s to 14.4 kb/s for channel coding
– 8 channels can be used, theoretical max bit rate is 115.2 kb/s, in reality bit rate is 40-50kb/s
9
Evolution from GSM to UMTS (GPRS) (3/12)
Introduction of GPRS
Gb
NMS
BSS
Um A
BTS TRAU BSC
HLR/AuC/EIR
GMSC MSC/VLR
NSSMS
PSTN
X.25
PSPDN
ISDN
V A S
I N
HW&SW Changes for GPRS
GGSN SGSN
GPRS Packet Core
Other Data Netwrok
Interent
C A M E L
10
Evolution from GSM to UMTS (GPRS) (4/12)
• More data services were introduced, CS is not the best possible media for data traffic
• GPRS was introduced and brought PS services into GSM
• HW & SW changes in MS and BSS
• New network elements, SGSN, GGSN, etc. introduced
• Theoretical max speed is 171.2 kb/s using all 8 tiemslots
• In reality 1 – 4 timeslots are used due to HW limitations
• QoS can not be guaranteed due to
– GPRS traffic is secondary traffic
– GPRS traffic uses unused network resources, which can not be known exactly in advance
11
Evolution from GSM to UMTS (EDGE) (5/12)
Introduction EDGE to GPRS system
Gb
NMS
E-RAN
Um A
BTS TRAU BSC
HLR/AuC/EIR
GMSC MSC/VLR
NSSMS
PSTN
X.25
PSPDN
ISDN
V A S
I N
HW&SW Changes for EDGE
GGSN SGSN
E-GPRS Packet Core
Other Data Netwrok
Interent
C A M E L
12
Evolution from GSM to UMTS(EDGE) (6/12)
• EDGE uses 8-PSK modulation enhancing thtoughput for both GPRS and HSCSD
• Phase 1: – E-GPRS: data rate for PS traffic increased to 384 kb/s
– BSS changed as E-RAN
• Phase 2: – E-HSCSD: same speed for CS traffic (384 kb/s)
• EDGE can deliver 3G mobile multimedia services using existing frequencies, bandwidth and carrier structure
13
Evolution from GSM to UMTSU MTS (3GPP R99) (7/12)
3G network (3GPP R99)
Iu
Iu
Gb
NMS
Um
A
HLR/AuC/EIR
3G GMSC
3G MSC/VLR
CN CS Domain MS
PSTN
X.25
PSPDN
ISDN
V A S
CAMEL
GGSN SGSN
CN PS DomainOther Data
Netwrok
Interent
WAP
E-RAN
BTS BSC
UTRAN
BS RNC
Uu
UE
MExE
O S A
14
Evolution from GSM to UMTSU MTS (3GPP R99) (8/12)
• 3G introduces new radio access network UTRAN
• UTRAN uses WCDMA as radio access technology
• WCDMA is a global system for 3G mobile communicaitons
• Interoperability of GSM/UMTS
– E-RAN is modified to broadcast system information of WCDMA
– Interworking functionality is introduced into 2G MSC/VLR for handling WCDMA
15
Evolution from GSM to UMTSU MTS (Features after R99) (9/12)
• Separation of connection, its control and services
• Conversion to full IP 3G networks
• Provision of enhanced multimedia services
• Implementation of VHE
• GERAN enhancemant
• USAT enhancement
• IMS implementation
• End-to-end QoS
• Enhancement of existing services and introduciton of new services
16
Evolution from GSM to UMTSU MTS (3GPP R4) (10/12)
3G Network (3GPP R4)
Iu
Iu
Gb
NMS
Um
A
MGW MGW
CN CS Domain MS
PSTN CSPDN
ISDN
GGSN SGSN
CN PS Domain
IP, Multimedia
E-RAN
BTS BSC
UTRAN
BS RNC
Uu
UE
HLR/AuC/EIR V A S
CAMEL
WAP
MExE
O S A
USAT
V H E
VLR/MSC Server
GMSC Server
17
Evolution from GSM to UMTSU MTS (3GPP R5) (11/12)
3G Network (3GPP R5)
Iu
N M S
U m
M G W M G W
C N C S D o m ain M S
P S TN C S P D N
IS D N
G G S N S G S N
C N P S D o m ain
IP , M u ltim ed ia
G E R A N
B TS B S C
U TR A N
B S R N C
U u
U E
H S S (H LR /A uC )
& E IR
V A S
C A M E L
W A P
M E X E
O S A
U S A T
V H E
V LR /M S C S e rve r
G M S C S e rve r
IM S
IP /A T M
IP /A T M
IP /A TM
18
Evolution from GSM to UMTSU MTS (3GPP R5/R6 All IP) (12/12)
All IP Vision (3GPP R5/R6)
Iu
NMS
Um
MSPSTN CSPDN
ISDN
IP, Multimedia
GERAN
BTS BSC
UTRAN
BS RNC
Uu
UE
HSS (HLR/AuC)
&EIR
V A S
CAMEL
WAP
MExE
O S A
USAT
V H E
GGSN SGSN
CN PS Domain
IMS
IP/ATM
IP/ATM
IP/ATM
19
U MTS Architecture (UTRAN) (1/11)
UTRAN architecture
U u
R N S
R N S(U E ) C ore N e tw ork
Iu
U T R AN
(C N )
R N C
Iu r
B S
B S
R N C
B S Iub
B S
Iub
20
U MTS Architecture (RNC) (2/11)
RNC logical structure
Iur
I N T E RFACE
UN I TS
I N T E RFACE
UN I TS
(Wideband) Switching
UTRAN Control
Functions
Radio
Resource Management
(RRM)
O&M Interface
To/from the BSs
Iub
To/from
NMS
To/from
Other RNCs
To/from
Core Network
Iu
21
U MTS Architecture (RNC) (3/11)
• RRM: Located in both UE and RNC
– Handover, power control, admission control, packet scheduling and code management.
• UTRAN Control Functions
– System information broadcasting, Radio access and signaling bearer set-up, RB management, security, mobility management, database handling, positioning.
22
U MTS Architecture (CN) (4/11)
CN architecture (3GPP R99)
BSS
BSC
RNS
RNC
R99 CN
Node B Node B
A IuPS
Iur
Iubis
Uu
MSC SGSN
Gs
GGSN GMSC
Gn HLR
Gr
Gc C
D
E
AuC H
EIR
F Gf
Gi PSTN
IuCS Gb
VLR B
Gp
VLR G
BTS BTS
Um
RNC
Abis
MSC
B
PSTN PSTN
cell
interfaces supporting user traffic interfaces supporting signalling
23
U MTS Architecture (CN) (5/11)
CN architecture (3GPP R4)
BSS
BSC
RNS
RNC
CN
Node B Node B
IuPS
Iur
Iub
Uu
MSC server SGSN
Gs
GGSN GMSC server
Gn HLR
Gr
Gc C
D
Nc
H
EIR
F Gf
Gi PSTN
IuCS
VLR B
Gp
VLR
G
BTS BTS
Um
RNC
Abis
MSC server
B
PSTN
cell
CS-MGW CS-MGW
CS-MGW
AuC
Nb
Mc Mc
Nb
PSTN PSTN
Nc
Mc
Mh
A Gb
E
interfaces supporting user traffic interfaces supporting signalling
24
U MTS Architecture (CN) (6/11)
Basic configuration CN (3GPP R5)
BSS
BSC
RNS
RNC
CN
Node B Node B
IuCS IuPS
Iur
Iub
Uu
MSC server SGSN
Gs
GGSN GMSC server
Gn HSS (HLR,AuC)
Gr
Gc C
D
E
EIR
F Gf
Gi PSTN
IuCS IuPS
VLR B
Gp
VLR G
BTS BTS
Um
RNC
Abis
MSC server
B
PSTN
cell
CS-MGW CS-MGW
CS-MGW
Nb
M c M c
Nb
PSTN PSTN
Nc
Mc
A Gb
Go
Nc
interfaces supporting user traffic interfaces supporting signalling
25
U MTS Architecture (IMS) (7/11)
Introduction of IMS (3GPP R5)
UTRAN
GERAN
PS CN
SGSN GGSN
HSS
CS CN MSC
Server GMSC Server
MGW MGW
IMS CN MGW
MGCF
BGCF S-CSCF
I-CSCF
P-CSCF
Iinternet & Corporate IP
PSTN/ISDN
BSC
RNC BS
BTS
26
U MTS Architecture (IMS) (8/11)
Configuration of IMS entities
P-CSCF
IM Subsystem
CSCF MGCF HSS
Cx
IP Multimedia Networks
IMS-MGW
PSTN
Mn
Mb
Mg
Mm
MRFP
Mb
Mr
Mb
Legacy mobile signalling Networks
CSCF
Mw
Go
Mw
Gm
BGCF Mj Mi
BGCF
Mk Mk
C, D, Gc, Gr
UE
Mb
Mb
Mb
MRFC
SLF Dx
Mp
PSTN
PSTN
CSCF: Call Session Control Function MGCF: Media Gateway Control Function P-CSCF: Proxy CSCF IMS-MGW: IMS Media Gateway Function S-CSCF: Serving CSCF MRFC: Multimedia Resource Function Controller I-CSCF: Interrogating CSCF MRFP: Multimedia Resource Function Processor SLF: Subscription Locator Function BGCF: Breakout Gateway Control Function PDF: Policy Decision Function
27
U MTS Architecture (IMS) (9/11)
IMS service (VHE)
UE
P-CSCF
Serving CSCF
Home Network
Home/Visited Network
Service Platform
Gm
Mw External Service Platform
28
U MTS Architecture (UE) (10/11)
UE reference architecture
R
U S IM
T E
U s e r’s ap p lic a tio n
T A
M E
M T T u
R T
N T U IC C
Iu
C u
U E
A n o th e r U se r’s
A p p lica tion
E n d -to -e n d in te rfa ce
D T E
H o m e N e tw o rk
U T R A N
S e rv in g N e tw o rk
T ra n s it N e tw o rk
29
U MTS Architecture (UE) (11/11)
UMTS terminals classification
Classification based on MT’s capability
Classification based on subscribers and their needs
Single radiomode MT
Can utilize only one type of radio interface for user traffic.
Classic terminal
Equivalent to the present sellular phone, able to handle both GSM and WCDMA rado access but not necessarily simultaneously
Multi-radiomode MT
Can use several radio termiantions for user traffic.
Dual mode
Contains both GSM and WCDMA radio access and can automatically select the access method based on available coverage and requested service.
Single network MT
Can use only one type of core network, PS, CS or PS/CS.
Multimedia terminal
Combination of cellular phone and palm/laptop, contains plenty of applications to handle the multimedia connections and services.
Multi-network MT
Support several core networks such as both the UMTS core network and GSM. NSS
Special terminals
Serve special purposes such as positioning, etc. and will be integrated together with other equipment.
30
U MTS Protocols (1/4)
UMTS protocol internetworking architecture
U u Iub Iu E / G n
U ser P lane C ontrol P lane
U ser P lane C ontrol P lane
C ontrol P lane U ser P lane
S ystem N etw ork Layer
R adio N etw ork Layer
Transport N etw ork Layer
U E BS R N C M SC /V LR SG SN SM SC G G SN
31
U MTS Protocols (Radio Interface) (2/4)
Radio Interface protocol architecture
L3
cont
rol
cont
rol
cont
rol
cont
rol
Logical Channels
T ransport Channels
C-plane signalling U-plane information
PHY
L2/M AC
L1
RLC L2/RLC
M AC
RLC RLC
RLC RLC
RLC RLC
RLC
BM C L2/BM C
control
PDCP PDCP L2/PDCP
Radio Bearers
RRC
32
U MTS Protocols (Control Plane) (3/4)
UMTS control plane protocol stack
Control Plane (Signaling Plane)
TE
PPP
L1
PPP
L1
MT UTRAN
SM/
GMM
RRC
RLC
MAC
Radio
RRC
RLC
MAC
Radio
RANAP
SCCP
MTP3
AAL5
ATM
Replay
ATM switch
ATM ARP
server
AAL5
ATM
ATM ARP
server
SM/
GMM RANAP
SCCP
MTP3
AAL5
ATM
GTP-C
UDP
IP
IPOA
AAL5
ATM
SGSNGGSN
GTP-C
UDP
IP
IPOA
AAL5
ATM
BSSAP+/
MAP TCAP
SCCP
MTP3
MTP2
E1
DHCP/
RADIUS UDP
IP
802.3
FE
GGSN MSC _VLR /HLR
DHCP/
RADIUS UDP
IP
L2(802.3)
L1(FE)
ISP
MAP
TCAP
SCCP
MTP3
MTP2(SAAL)
E1(ATM)
GGSNHLR
MAP
TCAP
SCCP
MTP3
MTP2(SAAL)
E1(ATM)
SGSNHLR
BSSAP+
TCAP
SCCP
MTP3
MTP2(SAAL)
E1(ATM)
SGSNMSC_HLR SM: Session management GMM: GPRS mobility management RRC: Radio resource control RLC: Radio Link Control MAC: Medium Access Control RANAP: Radio Access Network Application Protocol SCCP: Signaling Connection Control Part MTP3/2: Message Transfer Part 3/2 PDCP: Packet Data Convergence Protocol
SAAL: Siganaling ATM adaptation layer AAL5: ATM adaptation layer 5 GTP-C/U: GPRS Tunneling Protocol-Control/User IPoA: IP over ATM UDP: User Datagram Protocol BSSAP: Base Station System GPRS Application Part MAP: Mobile Application Part TCAP: Transaction Capabilities Application Part PPP: Point to Point Protocol
33
U MTS Protocols (User Plane) (4/4)
UMTS user plane protocol stack
User Plane (Traffic Plane)
TE
IP
PPP
L1
MT UTRAN ATM
switch
ATM ARP
server
AAL5
ATM
ATM ARP
server
SGSNGGSN
IP
GTP-U UDP
IP
IPOA
AAL5
ATM
IPinIP
IP
802.3
FE
GGSN
Application
IPinIP
IP
L2
L1
ISP
Relay
GTP-U UDP
IP
IPOA
AAL5
ATM
GTP-U UDP
IP
IPOA
AAL5
ATM
Relay
GTP-U UDP
IP
IPOA
AAL5
ATM
PDCP
RLC
MAC
Radio
Relay
PPP
L1
PDCP
RLC
MAC
Radio
Relay
Application
34
U MTS Services (1/2)Service category Applications Users Revenues (2010)
M obile Intranet/ Extranet A ccess
• M essag ing (E -m ail), T ravel assistance (W W W ) • M obile sales, T echnical services • Telework ing , Access to corporate database • Video te lephony, Conferencing • Fleet m anagem ent, W arehaouse
M ob ile office, Business user
15%
M obile Internet Access
• M essag ing (E -m ail, SM S , M M S) • Download video, m usic, stream ing • VoIP , V ideo over IP • m -banking • m -com m erce (m -purchasing), trad ing • www travel • www Infoservices
Business user, Consum er
3%
Custom ized Infotainm ent
• Inform ation (photo, video, m usic download) • www travel • Education (schools, un iversities) • M obile m essag ing, Chatting (SM S, M M S) • G am ing • m -shopping, bank ing , e-wa llet, m icro-paym ent
Business user, Consum er
28%
M ultim edia M essaging
• Extension of SM S • M M S: Im age, V ideo, Unified m essag ing , M obile
postcard, video/audio clip • M S O ffice docum ent • M obile chatting • M ach ine to m achine com m unications • Photo m essag ing • M usic • Video m essag ing
User 15%
Location-based Services
• Navigation (person car) • Localized In fo (ye llow pages) • Location-based m -com m erce • Telem atics • Trading (vehicle , goods, person)
User 3%
Rich Voice • Telephony/C onferencing • Video-te lephony, conferencing , presence • Telem edic ine • Telework ing (bu ild ing industry e tc.) • M ultim edia com m unication (IM S)
User 34%
35
U MTS Services (2/2)
New Applications Provided by 3rd parties, Users, Operators
Service Platforms
Service Categories provided by Operators
M-Office
Telematics
Dispatch Telemetry Gambling Banking Ticketing
Rich Voice LBS MMS Internet Access
Intranet Access
Info- tainment
Info- provisio
Personal Info Management
Video Conferencing
E-Pay Broking Advertising
Health Care
Map based Info
Music Video
Instant Messaging
Data Bearer /GPRS/MMS/xHTML/JAVA Download/IMS
Service Provision
36
U MTS Vendors (1/2)
Estimation of UMTS (WCDMA) sales volume market share (late 2001)
Vendors Market shares
Ericsson Nokia Siemens (NEC)Nortel NEC (Siemens)Alcatel Lucent Motorola
33 % 32 % 15 %8 % 4 % 4 % 3 % 1 %
37
U MTS Vendors (2/2)
• Ericsson provides the whole range of 2G and 3G Mobile Systems and end-to-end system elements including infrastructure, terminals, applications and expertise.
• Nokia provides the whole systems from terminals and base stations to core network solutions for GSM, GPRS and UMTS. The products spread in a wide range with various models.
• Siemens in partnership with NEC provides UMTS radio solution (FDD and TDD), carrier-class switching for UMTS and many kinds of enabling services for 3G systems.
• Nortel offers end-to-end UMTS network solution including terminals, radio access networks and core networks for UMTS systems.
• NEC offers products in the fields of mobile communications and optical networks.
• Alcatel offers second 2G and 3G solutions from networks, applications and terminals to implementation and operation.
• Lucent provides 3G solutions - CDMA and UMTS. Currently, Lucent delivers 3G networks.
• Motorola is developing UMTS systems based on its CDMA technology.
38
Terminal Availability (1/5)
Nokia 6650 (Commercial deliveries in first half 2003)
• built-in camera for shooting video at over ten frames per second
• 4096-color display
• MMS capability for sending and receiving clips
• Work both in GSM 900/1800 networks and in the new WCDMA networks.
• In the WCDMA network talk, snap, and send pictures simultaneously.
• Bluetooth capability
39
Terminal Availability (2/5)
LG UMTS Handset(available by 3Q.'02)
• High Speed Data Transmission, Multimedia Player
• Built-in Camera, 2.2" TFD Color LCD
• MPEG4 for VideoStreaming/Download
• Bluetooth, USB connectivity
• Postion Location
• Voice Recognition
40
Terminal Availability (3/5)
FOMA Series (available in 2002/2003)
• High speed packet data transmission (receiving speeds of up to 384Kbps)
• Circuit switched data transmission speed up to 64kbps
• Multitask feature – performs up to 3 activities simultaneously; voice call, use of i-mode and a terminal function such as scheduler, calculator, address book etc
• External connector USB interface
41
Terminal Availability (4/5)
Siemens U10 (October 2002)
• Color screen
• Work in both in both WCDMA networks and in GSM/GPRS 900/1800/1900 frequency bands
• Integrated camera.
• Data stream up to 384 kb/s
• Bluetooth, USB or infrared connectivity
• Wap 2.0, MMS, Video clip, e-mail and MP3
42
Terminal Availability (5/5)
Motorola A835 (Second half 2003)
• Support GPRS/EDGE/WCDMA
• Multi-functional voice/data
• Integrated video camera
• Multi-call, multi-task
• Bluetooth
• Embedded MP3 player
• 256 MB of memory
43
Sum m ary (1/2)• Specifications Side
– 3GPP R99, R4, and R5 have been frozen. R6 is estimated to be finalizedin December 2003.
– 3G/UMTS reveals a splendid world to all kinds of consumers, it intends to make everything available on moving, no matter when, where, who and what.
• Vendors Side
– Many vendors and operators have involved in 3G ventures. Most of them have already launched their 3G/UMTS products and push them to real operation or put them under trial.
– It is estimated that only the key 3G vendors have been developingcorresponding to R4/R5 products or have already had R4/R5 products partly.
44
Sum m ary (2/2)• Users Side
– 3G/UMTS terminals are no longer just simple phones. Users have to update their minds with new concepts for fully utilizing the functionalities of their new UMTS terminals and avoiding waste money and resources.
• Markets Side
– The most prospective potential markets for 3G/UMTS are still AsiaPacific Area, USA and Europe.
– Compared to PSDN and GSM, 3G/UMTS systems are luxury systems formost of the ordinary users, especially at the beginning.
• Final Words
– To reach ”All IP”, the vendors have to overcome all the critical technical problems such as delay and other QoS related issues, the operators have to expand the coverage of 3G/UMTS systems with great financial support, and the users have to refresh their mind for using it.
45
References• 3GPP: <http://www.3gpp.org>
• 3GPP: 3GPP Specifications - Release contents and functionality, 2002-10-01 <http://www.3gpp.org/specs/releases-contents.htm>
• 3GPP: TS 23.002 Network Architecture, Release 1999, V3.6.0 2002-09
• 3GPP: TS 23.002 Network Architecture, Release 4, V4.6.0 2002-12
• 3GPP: TS 23.002 Network Architecture, Release 5, V5.6.0 2002-12
• 3GPP: TS 23.228 IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS), Stage 2, Release 5, V5.7.0, 2002-12
• Holma Harri, Toskala Antti: WCDMA for UMTs: Radio Access for Third Generation Mobile Communications, 07 March, 2001, ISBN: 0471486876
• Halonen Timo, etc.: GSM, GPRS and EDGE Performance, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, England, 2002, ISBN 0470 84457 4
• Kaaranen Heikki, etc.: UMTS Networks Architecture, Mobility and Services, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, England, 2001, ISBN 0471 48654 X
• UMTS Forum: <http://www.umts-forum.org/servlet/dycon/ztumts/umts/Live/en/umts/Home>
• UMTS World: <http://www.umtsworld.com/>
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Thank You!