Oxidation-ReductionOxidation-Reduction

OxidationOxidation literally means to literally means to react with oxygen.react with oxygen.

Example:Example: 2Mg + O2Mg + O2 2 →→ 2MgO 2MgO

Reduction Reduction literally means toliterally means to remove remove oxygen.oxygen.

Example:Example:

2Fe2Fe22OO33 + 3C + 3C →→ 4Fe + 3CO 4Fe + 3CO22

Oxidation-ReductionOxidation-Reduction

Rapid oxidationRapid oxidation is called is called combustion.combustion.

Slow oxidationSlow oxidation is called is called corrosion.corrosion.

Oxidation-ReductionOxidation-Reduction

In addition, the terms In addition, the terms oxidation and oxidation and reductionreduction are applied to any reaction in are applied to any reaction in which there is a which there is a gain or loss of electrons.gain or loss of electrons.

Oxidation-ReductionOxidation-Reduction

OIL RIGOIL RIG OOxidation xidation iis s LLoss (of electrons)oss (of electrons) RReduction eduction iis s GGain (of electrons)ain (of electrons)

““LEO, the lion, says GER”LEO, the lion, says GER”LLoss of oss of EElectrons is lectrons is OOxidationxidation

GGain of ain of EElectrons is lectrons is RReductioneduction

Oxidation-ReductionOxidation-Reduction

When a substance is When a substance is oxidizedoxidized, the , the chargecharge goes goes UP↑UP↑

Example:Example: NaNaoo → → NaNa++

When a substance isWhen a substance is reduced reduced, the , the chargecharge goes goes DOWNDOWN↓↓

Example:Example: ClCl22o o → → 2Cl2Cl--

Oxidizing AgentOxidizing Agent

The The oxidizing agentoxidizing agent is the substance is the substance which is which is being reduced. being reduced. (It gains (It gains electrons, goes down in charge, or may electrons, goes down in charge, or may have oxygen to lose.)have oxygen to lose.)

Example:Example:

MnOMnO44-- + 8 H + 8 H+ + + 5 e+ 5 e-- →→ Mn Mn2+ 2+ +4 H+4 H22OO

Reducing AgentReducing Agent

The The reducing agentreducing agent is the substance is the substance being oxidized. being oxidized. ((It loses electrons, goes It loses electrons, goes up in charge, or may gain oxygen.)up in charge, or may gain oxygen.)

Example:Example:

FeFeoo →→ Fe Fe2+2+ + + 2e-2e-