p op q uiz : c onflict and c ompromise 1). what is u.n. resolution 181? 2). what were two results...
TRANSCRIPT
POP QUIZ: CONFLICT AND COMPROMISE
1). What is U.N. Resolution 181?
2). What were two results from the Six Day War?
3). List any three issues separating Israel and Palestine (Use the ones listed in the reading)?
JAPANESE RECOVERY Occupation
-American occupation ended in 1952-Pressed for democratization of Japanese
society and economic reform (Women right to vote, break up large estates, and making emperor figurehead)
-Liberal Democratic Party dominates Politics
-LDP remains powerful until 1993-Defined by close cooperation between
business and political interests-Remained oligarchic and elite, despite a
more democratic system
JAPANESE CULTURE Culture
-Tradition persisted and elements of Japanese culture remained (tea ceremony, poetry, theater etc.)
-New artistic styles recalled previous eras while others combined Japanese and Western styles
-Style remained distinctly Japanese
-Little impact on world culture
Modern Japanese women in traditional
kimonos
JAPAN’S ECONOMIC SURGE Rapid economic growth
-Made Japan a world economic power
-Automobile manufacturing and electronic equipment
WHY? Active government encouragement Educational expansion Distinctive labor policies (Unions) Group-oriented social
conscious/management style
TAIWAN, HONG KONG & SINGAPORE Taiwan
-Nationalist army defeated by Communists and fall back to Taiwan.-China imposed authoritarian rule, but US supported Taiwan-Achieved economic prosperity despite political tensions
Hong Kong-Remains under British control until 1997-Vigorous and thriving economy; hub of many Western businesses and tourism
Singapore-Gained independence in 1965; thriving port society
Hong Kong today
ADVANCES IN TAIWAN (REPUBLIC OF CHINA) AND SINGAPORE
Political Change-Chiang Kai-shek & his son rule Taiwan until 1978 -Gov’t remains stable through transition -Lee Kuan rules Singapore for three decades after 1965-Both groups held tight control of the government and suppressed opposition
Economic change-Taiwan: Successful trade contacts were created around the world
-Gov’t poured aid into the economy and agriculture -Hong Kong center for world trade and banking-Hong Kong, Taiwan, Singapore, and South Korea known as the “Asian Tigers”
Impact All became important links in international trade chain Each area vital to US economy for exports and investment
capital
THE KOREAN MIRACLE Political Change
-Military government removed in 1980s-Replaced by conservative gov’t that
allowed limited participation and press freedom
Economic change-Economy became focus after1950
-Huge industrial firms (Hyundai) created w/ government aid and entrepreneurship
-Consumer goods dominated; steel, cars and textiles were also produced
ImpactHuge population growth led to high
population density Environmental damage creates a hothouse
climateMassive disparity between rich and poor
VIETNAM AND THE END OF WAR
Ngo Dinh Diem -U.S. backed leader of south -Fights communist resistance (Viet Cong or “VC”)
Diem fails to win against Communists
U.S. intervention shifts from advisory to full war
U.S. withdraws in 1975 (South Vietnam falls to Communists)
Evacuation of American personnel-Saigon (1975)
AFTER VICTORY: STRUGGLE TO REBUILD Communist win isolated Vietnam Gov’t pushed centralization
-Reeducation camps-Persecution of enemies led to mass
migration from the former south-Economy left many impoverished
Economic growth after 1980 Cambodia
-1975: Communist rebels known as Khmer Rouge set up brutal gov’t under Pol Pot
-Killed 2 million in a genocide-Vietnam invaded in 1978 and installed
less repressive gov’t
THE PHILIPPINES Philippines
-Approve Bell Act (free trade) before getting funding to rebuild after WWII
-U.S. wanted to maintain military presence -Demand 99 year lease on military
bases; given up in 1992 From Marcos to Ramos
-Ferdinand Marcos: Elected president in 1965
-Authoritarian rule
-Defeated by Corazon Aquino and forced into exile when he refused to acknowledge her victory
-New constitution, but battled separatist group (Muslim group-Moros)
INDONESIA Sukarno
-Proclaimed independence in 1945 -Dutch attempt to gain control, but lose to
guerilla army and cede independence in 1949 Instability
-Economic mismanagement led to inflation-1965 military coup: Led by Suharto;
500,000 to 1 million Indonesians killed-1967: Police state instituted, martial law,
annexation of East Timor 1999: East Timor voted for independence; many
killed or put in refugee camps-Gained independence in 2002
MALAYSIA 1945
-British return after war and attempted to organize multiple ethnic groups into one state
-1957: Created the Federation of Malaya from Singapore and Malaya
-1965: Singapore declared independent state while the federation of Malaya, Sarawak, and Sabah became Malaysia
CHINA AFTER MAO Zhou Enlai
-China’s isolation worrisome; tells West he is ready to establish ties
-1971: UN membership endorsed by U.S. and a visit by President Nixon show opening of relations
-Zhou Enlai dies in 1976 Gang of Four
-Jiang Qing and allies who tried to seize control of government from pragmatists; sentenced to life following Mao’s death 1979
-United States and China establish diplomatic relations
THE FOUR MODERNIZATIONS Deng Xiaoping
-1980: Although a Communist, he supported moderate economic policies
-Four Modernizations1. Responsibility system2. Incentive program3. Foreign capital and technology4. Entrepreneurship
Results-Crop and industrial production increased-Westernization of culture increased
(Foreign tourism and purchase of consumer goods)
DEMOCRATIC CHALLENGE Tiananmen Square
-Influx of Western ideas-1989: Students sparked a
popular uprising by occupying Tiananmen Square
-Won widespread support and called for Deng Xiaoping to resign in favor of democracy
Crackdown-Deng declared state of martial
law-The square was surrounded by
the military-Tanks used to crush barricades
and hundreds killed by soldiers
MODERN CHINA 1997
-Jiang Zemin becomes president-U.S. pressured China to release political
prisoners and ensure basic rights-Great Britain returned Hong Kong to China
-China promised to respect economic system and political liberties Economic and Political
-Dramatic reduction of poverty-Continued global outreach of China and
participation in international organizations-New ruler is Xi Jinping