p34x_application guide.pdf

7/27/2019 P34x_Application Guide.pdf

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ABCD

MiCOM P342, P343Generator Protection Relays

Software Version 0070C

10/2003 Technical Guide P34x/EN AP/E33


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MiCOM P342, P343 GuidesGenerator Protection Relays

This version of the Technical Guide is specific to the following models

Model Number Software Number

P342------0070C P342------0070-A/B/CP343------0070C P343------0070-A/B/C

For other models / software versions, please contact ALSTOM T&D Energy,Automation & Information for the relevant information.

(Software versions P342------0010*, P342------0020*, P342------0030*,P342------0040*, P342------0050* and P343------0010*, P343------0020*,P343------0030*, P343------0040*, P343------0050* are not supported by thismenu database, see TG8614A (0010), TG8614B (0020 0040),P34x/EN T/C11 (0050) and P34x/EN T/D22 (0060) for information on themenu database for these software versions)


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HANDLING OF ELECTRONIC EQUIPMENT

A persons normal movements can easily generate electrostatic potentials of severalthousand volts. Discharge of these voltages into semiconductor devices whenhandling circuits can cause serious damage, which often may not be immediately

apparent but the reliability of the circuit will have been reduced.

The electronic circuits of ALSTOM T&D - Energy Automation & Information productsare immune to the relevant levels of electrostatic discharge when housed in theircases. Do not expose them to the risk of damage by withdrawing modulesunnecessarily.

Each module incorporates the highest practicable protection for its semiconductordevices. However, if it becomes necessary to withdraw a module, the followingprecautions should be taken to preserve the high reliability and long life for which theequipment has been designed and manufactured.

1.

Before removing a module, ensure that you are a same electrostatic potentialas the equipment by touching the case.

2. Handle the module by its front-plate, frame, or edges of the printed circuitboard. Avoid touching the electronic components, printed circuit track orconnectors.

3. Do not pass the module to any person without first ensuring that you are bothat the same electrostatic potential. Shaking hands achieves equipotential.

4. Place the module on an antistatic surface, or on a conducting surface which isat the same potential as yourself.

5. Store or transport the module in a conductive bag.More information on safe working procedures for all electronic equipment can befound in BS5783 and IEC 60147-0F.

If you are making measurements on the internal electronic circuitry of an equipmentin service, it is preferable that you are earthed to the case with a conductive wriststrap.

Wrist straps should have a resistance to ground between 500k 10M ohms. If awrist strap is not available you should maintain regular contact with the case toprevent the build up of static. Instrumentation which may be used for makingmeasurements should be earthed to the case whenever possible.

ALSTOM T&D - Energy Automation & Information strongly recommends that detailedinvestigations on the electronic circuitry, or modification work, should be carried outin a Special Handling Area such as described in BS5783 or IEC 60147-0F.


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CONTENT

1. SAFETY SECTION 3

1.1 Health and safety 3

1.2 Explanation of symbols and labels 3

2. INSTALLING, COMMISSIONING AND SERVICING 3

3. EQUIPMENT OPERATING CONDITIONS 4

3.1 Current transformer circuits 4

3.2 External resistors 4

3.3 Battery replacement 43.4 Insulation and dielectric strength testing 4

3.5 Insertion of modules and pcb cards 4

3.6 Fibre optic communication 5

4. OLDER PRODUCTS 5

5. DECOMMISSIONING AND DISPOSAL 5

6. TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS 6


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1. SAFETY SECTIONThis Safety Section should be read before commencing any work on theequipment.

1.1 Health and safetyThe information in the Safety Section of the product documentation is intended toensure that products are properly installed and handled in order to maintain them ina safe condition. It is assumed that everyone who will be associated with theequipment will be familiar with the contents of the Safety Section.

1.2 Explanation of symbols and labelsThe meaning of symbols and labels may be used on the equipment or in the productdocumentation, is given below.

Caution: refer to product documentation Caution: risk of electric shock

Protective/safety *earth terminal Functional *earth terminal

Note: This symbol may also beused for a protective/safety earthterminal if that terminal is part of aterminal block or sub-assemblye.g. power supply.

*NOTE: THE TERM EARTH USED THROUGHOUT THE PRODUCT DOCUMENTATION IS THEDIRECT EQUIVALENT OF THE NORTH AMERICAN TERM GROUND.

2. INSTALLING, COMMISSIONING AND SERVICINGEquipment connections

Personnel undertaking installation, commissioning or servicing work on thisequipment should be aware of the correct working procedures to ensure safety. Theproduct documentation should be consulted before installing, commissioning orservicing the equipment.

Terminals exposed during installation, commissioning and maintenance may present

a hazardous voltage unless the equipment is electrically isolated.If there is unlocked access to the rear of the equipment, care should be taken by allpersonnel to avoid electrical shock or energy hazards.


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Voltage and current connections should be made using insulated crimp terminationsto ensure that terminal block insulation requirements are maintained for safety. Toensure that wires are correctly terminated, the correct crimp terminal and tool for thewire size should be used.

Before energising the equipment it must be earthed using the protective earth

terminal, or the appropriate termination of the supply plug in the case of plugconnected equipment. Omitting or disconnecting the equipment earth may cause asafety hazard.

The recommended minimum earth wire size is 2.5mm2, unless otherwise stated in thetechnical data section of the product documentation.

Before energising the equipment, the following should be checked:

Voltage rating and polarity; CT circuit rating and integrity of connections; Protective fuse rating; Integrity of earth connection (where applicable) Remove front plate plastic film protection Remove insulating strip from battery compartment

3. EQUIPMENT OPERATING CONDITIONSThe equipment should be operated within the specified electrical and environmentallimits.

3.1 Current transformer circuits

Do not open the secondary circuit of a live CT since the high level voltage producedmay be lethal to personnel and could damage insulation.

3.2 External resistors

Where external resistors are fitted to relays, these may present a risk of electric shockor burns, if touched.

3.3 Battery replacement

Where internal batteries are fitted they should be replaced with the recommended

type and be installed with the correct polarity, to avoid possible damage to theequipment.

3.4 Insulation and dielectric strength testing

Insulation testing may leave capacitors charged up to a hazardous voltage. At theend of each part of the test, the voltage should be gradually reduced to zero, todischarge capacitors, before the test leads are disconnected.

3.5 Insertion of modules and pcb cards

These must not be inserted into or withdrawn from equipment whist it is energisedsince this may result in damage.


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3.6 Fibre optic communication

Where fibre optic communication devices are fitted, these should not be vieweddirectly. Optical power meters should be used to determine the operation or signallevel of the device.

4. OLDER PRODUCTSElectrical adjustments

Equipments which require direct physical adjustments to their operating mechanismto change current or voltage settings, should have the electrical power removedbefore making the change, to avoid any risk of electrical shock.

Mechanical adjustments

The electrical power to the relay contacts should be removed before checking anymechanical settings, to avoid any risk of electric shock.

Draw out case relays

Removal of the cover on equipment incorporating electromechanical operatingelements, may expose hazardous live parts such as relay contacts.

Insertion and withdrawal of extender cards

When using an extender card, this should not be inserted or withdrawn from theequipment whilst it is energised. This is to avoid possible shock or damage hazards.Hazardous live voltages may be accessible on the extender card.

Insertion and withdrawal of heavy current test plugs

When using a heavy current test plug, CT shorting links must be in place beforeinsertion or removal, to avoid potentially lethal voltages.

5. DECOMMISSIONING AND DISPOSALDecommissioning: The auxiliary supply circuit in the relay may include capacitors

across the supply or to earth. To avoid electric shock or energyhazards, after completely isolating the supplies to the relay (bothpoles of any dc supply), the capacitors should be safelydischarged via the external terminals prior to decommissioning.

Disposal: It is recommended that incineration and disposal to water

courses is avoided. The product should be disposed of in a safemanner. Any products containing batteries should have themremoved before disposal, taking precautions to avoid shortcircuits. Particular regulations within the country of operation,may apply to the disposal of lithium batteries.


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6. TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONSProtective fuse rating

The recommended maximum rating of the external protective fuse for this equipmentis 16A, Red Spot type or equivalent, unless otherwise stated in the technical data

section of the product documentation.

Insulation class: IEC 601010-1 : 1990/A2 : 2001Class IEN 61010-1: 2001Class I

This equipment requires aprotective (safety) earthconnection to ensure usersafety.

InsulationCategory(Overvoltage):

IEC 601010-1 : 1990/A2 : 1995Category IIIEN 61010-1: 2001Category III

Distribution level, fixedinsulation. Equipment in thiscategory is qualification tested

at 5kV peak, 1.2/50s,500, 0.5J, between all supplycircuits and earth and alsobetween independent circuits.

Environment: IEC 601010-1 : 1990/A2 : 1995Pollution degree 2

EN 61010-1: 2001Pollution degree 2

Compliance is demonstratedby reference to generic safetystandards.

Product Safety: 72/23/EEC

EN 61010-1: 2001EN 60950-1: 2002

Compliance with the EuropeanCommission Low VoltageDirective.

Compliance is demonstratedby reference to generic safetystandards.


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Application Notes P34x/EN AP/E33

MiCOM P342, P343

APPLICATION NOTES


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P34x/EN AP/E33 Application Notes

MiCOM P342, P343


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MiCOM P342, P343

Generator Protection Relays

MiCOM P342, P343

Generator Protection

Relays

T & DEnergy Automation & Information


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2

MiCOM P342, P343Generator Protection Relays

IntroductionThe MiCOM generator protectionrelays provide flexible and reliableintegration of protection, control,monitoring and measurementfunctions. Extensive functionality isavailable to provide completeprotection and control with twomodels for a wide range ofapplications, covering mostinstallations from small generators

up to sophisticated systems.Protection

Generator differential (P343 only)

Interturn (split phase) differential

100% stator earth fault (P343 only)

Non-directional phase overcurrent

Non-directional earth fault

Neutral displacement/residualovervoltage

Sensitive directional earth fault

Restricted earth fault

Voltage dependent overcurrent/underimpedance

Under/overvoltage

Under/overfrequency

Reverse power/low forwardpower/overpower

Loss of field

Negative phase sequence thermal Overfluxing

Unintentional energisation atstandstill (P343 only)

Pole slipping protection (P343 only)

Thermal overload

10 RTDs (option)

Circuit breaker failure

Voltage transformer supervision

Current transformer supervision

Control Programmable scheme logic

Programmable optically isolatedinputs and relay outputs

Multiple settings groups

Control inputs

Measurements

Comprehensive measurement

values Instantaneous

Integrated

Analogue Inputs / Outputs

Post fault analysis

Event and fault records

Disturbance records

Monitoring Trip circuit monitoring

Breaker state monitoring

Breaker condition monitoring

Temperature monitoring

Communications

A choice of protocols

Front and 2 rear communication

ports

Diagnostics

Power-up diagnostics

Continuous self monitoring

Test facilities

Figure 1: MiCOM P342

User friendly interface

Liquid crystal display withbacklight

Programmable LED indications

Password protection

Optional secondary cover Fully programmable menu text

Software support

Available in conjunction withMiCOM S1 support software:

Settings editor

Programmable scheme logiceditor

Viewing of fault diagnostics andmeasurements

Disturbance recorder viewer

Fully programmable menu text


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3

Application

The MiCOM P342 is suitable forprotection of generators which requirecost effective high quality protection.

Protection includes overcurrent, earthfault, neutral displacement, sensitive orrestricted earth fault, voltagedependent overcurrent or

underimpedance, under andovervoltage, under and overfrequency,reverse, low forward or overpower,field failure, negative phase sequencethermal and overfluxing, as well as VTand CT supervision. Figure 2a showsan LV application with a solidlyearthed system.

The MiCOM P343 is suitable forprotection of larger or moreimportant generators, providinggenerator differential, 100% statorearth fault pole slipping and

unintentional energisation atstandstill in addition to the featuresof the P342. Figure 2b shows aMiCOM P343 application with aresistance earthed generator.

Protection functions

Three phase tripping with faultedphase indication is provided for allprotection functions.

Generator differential

(P343 only)Three phase generator differentialprotection is provided to detectstator phase faults. This can be setas either a percentage bias schemewith a dual slope characteristic or asa high impedance scheme.When high impedance is used,additional stabilising resistance andmetrosil will be required.

Interturn (split phase)differential (P343 only)

On generators with multi-turn coilsand two or more windings perphase, such as hydrogenerators,interturn (split phase) differentialmay be used to detect turn to turnfaults.The element operates as a definitetime overcurrent function withindependant current setting perphase.It should be noted that when usingthis function the generator

differential protection is notavailable.

100% stator earth fault(P343 only)

Third harmonic neutral undervoltageprotection covers the final 15% ofthe stator winding and, inconjunction with the other earthfault elements, provides 100% earthfault protection for the stator. This issupervised by a three phaseundervoltage element. Additionalsupervision using three phaseactive, reactive and apparentpower can be enabled if required.A third harmonic neutral overvoltage protection is also providedfor applications where themeasurement is available at theterminal end of the generator. Theblocking features of the undervoltage element are not required forthis application.

Phase overcurrent

Two independent stages areavailable for each phase

overcurrent.

VTS Voltage transf or mer super vision

27/59 Under/over voltage

81O/81U Under/overfrequency

24 Overfluxing87G Generator differential

RT D 1 0 r es is tan ce t emper at ur e d et ec to rs

CTS Cur rent t ransf ormer super vision

50/51 Non -d irec ti onal pha se ove rcur rent

51V/21 Voltage dependent overcurrent/ underimpedance

32R/32L/32O Reverse power/low forward power/ overpower

40 Loss of field

46 Negative phase sequence

50/27 Unintentional energisa tion at standsti ll

64/67N Restricted earth fault/sensitive earth fault

50N\51N Non-directional earth faul t

27TN 100% st ator eart h fault

59N Res idua l overvo ltage/neut ra l di sp la cement

67N Sensitive earth fault

78 Pole slipping

49 Thermal overload

Figure 2a: MiCOM P342

Figure 2b: MiCOM P343

2759

81O81U 24

51V21

VTS

RTD

5051CTS

32R32L32O

40 46

50N51N 64

49

2759

81O81U 24

51V21

VTS

RTD

5051

CTS32R32L32O

40 46

50N51N

87G

5027

64

27TN 59N

78 49

32R32L

32O

67N

Figures

2a and 2b

Both stages have definite time (DT)delayed characteristics, the firststage may also be independentlyset to one of nine inverse definiteminimum time (IDMT) curves (IECand IEEE).

Standard earth fault

The standard earth fault elementoperates from an earth fault inputconnection to measure the faultcurrent in the earth path of thegenerator.

Two independent stages areavailable for each phaseovercurrent. Both stages havedefinite time (DT) delayedcharacteristics, the first stage mayalso be independently set to one ofnine inverse definite minimum time(IDMT) curves (IEC and IEEE).

Sensitive earth fault

A core balance CT should be usedto drive the sensitive earth fault

function. The directionality isprovided by the residual voltage.


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4

Wattmetric

The sensitive earth fault protection isalso suitable for Petersen Coil earthedsystems by enabling a wattmetricelement. This form of protection usesthe sensitive earth fault protectiondirectional characteristic, but with adirectional residual power threshold

providing an additional constraint onoperation.

Restricted earth fault

The restricted earth fault protectionmay be configured as either highimpedance or low impedance biaseddifferential. When high impedance isused, additional stabilising resistanceand metrosil will be required.

Voltage dependent

overcurrent/underimpedance

In order to provide backup protectionfor phase faults, an element isincluded which can be set as eithervoltage controlled overcurrent,voltage restrained overcurrent orunderimpedance.

If selected as voltage controlled orvoltage restrained overcurrent, thetiming characteristic can be set aseither definite time or IDMT.

If selected as underimpedance, a 2stage three phase non-directionalunderimpedance element is provided.

Neutraldisplacement/residualovervoltage

Residual overvoltage protection isavailable for detecting earth faultswhere there is an isolated or highimpedance earth. The residual

voltage can be measured from abroken delta VT, from the secondarywinding of a distribution transformerearth at the generator neutral, or canbe calculated from the three phase toneutral voltage measurements.

Two independent stages of protectionare provided, each can be set with adefinite time delay and one stage canbe configured to have an inverse timecharacteristic.

Under/overvoltage

Under/overvoltage protection may beconfigured to operate from eitherphase-phase or phase-neutral voltageelements. Two independent stages withdefinite time elements are available.The first stage can also be configuredto an inverse characteristic.

Under/overfrequency

Two independent stages ofoverfrequency and four of underfrequency are provided. Each stagefunctions as a definite time element.

Power protection

The power protection element providestwo stages which may be independentlyconfigured to operate as reverse power(RP), over power (OP) or low forward

power (LFP) protection.The direction of the power measured bythe protection can be reversed byselecting the operating mode,generating/motoring. The powerprotection can be used to provide simpleoverload protection (OP), protectionagainst motoring (RP, generating mode),CB interlocking to prevent overspeedingduring machine shutdown (LFP,generating mode) and/or loss of loadprotection (LFP, motoring mode).

In addition to the standard 3 phasepower protection, (minimum setting2% Pn) a sensitive single phase powerprotection element can be used,(minimum setting 0.5% Pn) which usesthe sensitive earth fault current input.

Loss of field

To detect failure of the machineexcitation a two stage offset mhoimpedance element is provided.This allows a small instantaneouscharacteristic to be used to providefast tripping for loss of excitation athigh power outputs, where systemstability could be affected.The second stage can be set with alarger time delayed characteristic toprovide stable, secure tripping underlow power conditions.

Integrating timers are provided toenable the impedance characteristic toprovide time delayed pole slippingprotection.

A power factor alarm element is alsoavailable to offer more sensitiveprotection for unusual operatingconditions, for example a lightly loadedunit operating as an induction generator.

Negative phase sequence

To protect against unbalanced statorcurrents caused by external faults orunbalanced loading, two stages ofnegative sequence protection areprovided. These comprise a definitetime alarm stage and a trip stage thatoperates with a thermal characteristic.

Overfluxing

To protect the generator, or connectedtransformer, against overexcitation atwo stage V/Hz element is provided.The first stage is a definite timealarm, the second stage can be used

to provide an inverse/definite timetrip characteristic.

Unintentional energisation atstandstill (P343 only)

If the machine circuit breaker is closedaccidentally, when the machine is notrunning, very high current will result.A voltage supervised overcurrentscheme is available to protect againstthis condition. When the machinevoltage is low, that is, the machine is

not running, an instantaneousovercurrent element is enabled. Timersensure that the element will be stablefor normal voltage dips that couldoccur for system faults or machinereconnection.

Pole slipping (P343 only)

The pole slipping protection uses thevariation in apparent impedance asseen at the generators terminals todetect pole slipping. If the measuredimpedance crosses the two halves ofthe lens characteristic and spendslonger than a specified time in eachhalf a pole slip is counted. Two zonesare created by a reactance line whichis used to distinguish whether theimpedance centre of the pole slip islocated in the power system or in thegenerator.

Separate counters are used to countpole slips in the 2 zones.A setting is also provided to determinewhether the protection operates in a

generating mode, motoring mode orboth.


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5

Resistance temperaturedetectors (RTDs)

In order to monitor temperatureaccurately, an option allowingmeasurement of temperatures usingup to 10 platinum RTDs isavailable. This provides aninstantaneous alarm and time-delayed trip output for each RTD.

Thermal overload

To monitor the thermal state of agenerator, a thermal replicaprotection is provided. The thermalelement has a trip and an alarmstage. Positive and negativesequence currents are taken intoaccount so that any unbalancecondition can be detected and anyabnormal heating of the rotor canbe avoided. There are separatetime constants for heating andcooling and in the event of a loss ofauxiliary supply the thermal state is

stored in non-volatile memory.Blocked overcurrent logic

Each stage of overcurrent and earthfault protection can be blocked byan optically isolated input.This enables the overcurrent andearth fault protection to beintegrated into a blockedovercurrent busbar protectionscheme.

X

R

Lens

ZB

ZA

ZCReactance lineZone 2

Zone 1

Blinder

Figure 3: Pole slipping protection using

blinder and lenticular

characteristic

Supervisory functions

Circuit breaker failureprotection

Two stage circuit breaker failureprotection may be used for trippingupstream circuit breakers and/orthe local secondary trip coil.

The circuit breaker failure logic mayalso be initiated externally fromother protection devices if required.

Voltage transformersupervision

Voltage transformer supervision (VTS)is provided to detect loss of one, twoor three VT signals, providingindication and inhibition of voltagedependent protection elements.

An optically isolated input may alsobe configured to initiate the voltagetransformer supervision alarm andblocking when used with miniaturecircuit breakers (MCBs) or otherexternal forms of voltagetransformer supervision.

Current transformer supervision

Current transformer supervision(CTS) is provided to detect loss ofphase CT signals and inhibit the

operation of current dependentprotection elements.

Control

Programmable scheme logic

Programmable scheme logic allowsthe user to customise the protectionand control functions. It is also usedto programme the functionality ofthe optically isolated inputs, relay

outputs and LED indications.The programmable scheme logiccomprises gate logic and generalpurpose timers. The gate logicincludes OR, AND and majority gatefunctions, with the ability to invert theinputs and outputs, and providefeedback. The system is optimised toevaluate changes to the schemelogic signals and thus minimise anydelays in logic execution.

The programmable scheme logicmay be configured using thegraphical MiCOM S1 PC basedsupport software, as illustrated inFigure 4.

The required logic is drawn asshown and is then downloadeddirectly into the relay. The logicmay also be uploaded from therelay and then modified usingMiCOM S1 support software.

Figure 4: Programmable scheme logic editor (MiCOM S1)


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6

Independent protectionsettings groups

The settings are divided into twocategories; protection settings andcontrol and support settings.Four setting groups are provided forthe protection settings to allow fordifferent operating conditions and

adaptive relaying.Control inputs

The control inputs allow the user tomanually change the status of DDBsignals 832 to 863. These signalscan be assigned to provide userdefined control functions.

Measurement andrecording facilities

The P340 series is capable ofmeasuring and storing the values ofa wide range of quantities.All events, fault and disturbancerecords are time tagged to aresolution of 1ms using an internalreal time clock. An optional IRIG-Bport is also provided for accuratetime synchronisation.

A lithium battery provides a back-up for the real time clock and allrecords in the event of supply

failure. This battery is supervisedand is easily replaced from the frontof the relay.

Measurements

The measurements provided, whichmay be viewed in primary orsecondary values, can be accessedby the back-lit liquid crystal display,or the communications ports.Phase notation is user definableusing the MiCOM S1 text editor.

Instantaneous measurements

Phase voltages Van Vbn VcnLine voltages Vab Vbc VcaNeutral voltage VnPhase current Ia1 Ib1 Ic1

Ia2 Ib2 Ic2

Neutral currents In ISEF

Sequence currents and voltages

Frequency

Single and three phase power factor

Active power Wa Wb WcWtotal

Reactive power VAra VArb VArcVArtotal

Apparent power VAa VAb VAcVAtotal

Bias current Iabias IbbiasIcbias

Differentialcurrent IadiffIbdiff

Icdiff

3rd harmonicneutral voltage Vn3Thermal stateTemperature RTD1 RTD10

Phase currents and phase to neutralvoltages are available in true rmsand fundamental quantities.

Integrated values

Wh VArh

Peak, average and rolling demand:

Ia Ib Ic

W VAr

Analogue (Current Loop)Inputs and Outputs (CLIO)

Four analogue (or current loop)inputs are provided for transducerswith ranges of 0-1mA, 0-10mA,0-20mA or 4-20mA. The analogueinputs can be used for varioustransducers such as vibrationmonitors, tachometers and pressuretransducers.

Associated with each input thereare two time delayed protection

stages, one for alarm and one fortrip. Each stage can be set for'Over' or 'Under' operation.

Four analogue current outputs areprovided with ranges of 0-1mA, 0-10mA, 0-20mA or 4-20mA whichcan alleviate the need for separatetransducers.

These may be used to feed standardmoving coil ammeters for analogueindication of certain measuredquantities or into a SCADA using anexisting analogue RTU.

Post fault analysis

Event records

Up to 250 time-tagged eventrecords are stored in non-volatilememory, and can be extractedusing the communication ports orviewed on the front panel display.

Fault records

Records of the last 5 faults arestored in non-volatile memory.The information provided in thefault record includes: Indication of faulted phase Protection operation Active setting group Relay and CB operating time Current, voltage, power and

frequency Fault duration Temperatures

Disturbance records

The internal disturbance recorderhas 8 analogue channels, 32digital and 1 time channel. Data issampled 12 times a cycle andtypically 20 disturbance records,each of up to 10.5 seconds

duration are stored in non-volatilememory. All channels and thetrigger source are userconfigurable. Disturbance recordscan be extracted from the relay viathe remote communications andsaved in the COMTRADE format.These records may be examinedusing MiCOM S1 or any suitablesoftware program.

Plant supervision

Trip circuit monitoring

Monitoring of the trip circuit in bothbreaker open and closed states canbe realised using the programmablescheme logic.

Circuit breaker statemonitoring

An alarm will be generated if thereis a discrepancy between the open

and closed contacts of the circuitbreaker.


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7

Circuit breaker conditionmonitoring

The circuit breaker conditionmonitoring features include:

monitoring the number of breakertrip operations

recording the sum of the broken

current quantity Ix, 1.0- x -2.0 monitoring the breaker operating

time

monitoring the fault frequencycounter

Local and remotecommunications

Three communication ports areavailable; a rear port providing

remote communications and a frontport providing localcommunications.

Remote communications

The main rear communications port isbased on RS485 voltage levels.

Any of the protocols listed below canbe chosen at the time of ordering.

An optional 2nd rear communicationsport is also available which uses a

9-way D-type connector.Communications can be made viaone of three physical links,RS232/RS485/K-Bus.This port supports full protection andcontrol access via MiCOM S1 usingthe Courier protocol only.

Courier/K-Bus

The Courier language is a protocolwhich has been developedspecifically for the purpose of

developing generic PC programsthat will, without modification,communicate with any device usingthe Courier language.

Modbus

Modbus is a master/slave protocol,whereby the master must haveknowledge of the slaves databasesand addresses.

The Modbus implementationsupported by the MiCOM P340series is RTU mode.

IEC 60870-5-103

The relay is compliant with thetransmission protocol defined by thespecification IEC 60870-5-103.

The standarised messages based onthe VDEW communication protocolare supported.

DNP 3.0The DNP 3.0 protocol is definedand administered by the DNP UserGroup.

The relay operates as a DNP 3.0slave and supports subset level 2 ofthe protocol plus some of thefeatures from level 3.

Local communications

The front serial communications port

has been designed for use withMiCOM S1, which fully supportsfunctions within the relay byproviding the ability to program thesettings off-line, configure theprogrammable scheme logic,extract and view event, disturbanceand fault records, view themeasurement informationdynamically and perform controlfunctions.

PAS&T can also be used with the

local communications port.Diagnostics

Automatic tests performed includingpower-on diagnostics andcontinuous self-monitoring ensure ahigh degree of reliability. The resultsof the self-test functions are stored innon-volatile memory.

Test features available on the userinterface provide examination of

input quantities, states of the digitalinputs and relay outputs.

A local monitor port providingdigital outputs, selected from aprescribed list of signals, includingthe status of protection elements,may be used in conjunction withtest equipment.

These test signals can also beviewed using the Courier andModbus communications ports.

Hardware description

All models within the MiCOM P340series include;

A back-lit liquid crystal display 12 LEDs IRIG-B port (optional) Front RS232 port

Rear RS485 port 2nd Rear RS232/RS485 port(optional)

A download/monitor port A battery (supervised) N/O and N/C watchdog

contacts Supervised +48V field voltage 1A/5A dual rated CTsThe hardware variations betweenthe P342 and P343 are:

100 - 120V or380 - 480V VTsCTsOpticially isolatedinputsRelay output

RTDsCLIO

4

58 to247 to2410

4I40

4

816 to32

14 to3210

4I40

P342 P343

Expansion cards and larger casesizes are available to allow furtherinputs and outputs for the P342 andP343 (see pages 17 and 18)

The optically isolated inputs, relayoutputs and 8 of the LEDs arepreconfigured as a default, but maybe programmed by the user.

The optically isolated inputs areindependent and may be poweredfrom the +48V field voltage.The relay outputs may beconfigured as latching or self reset.All CT connections have integralshorting.

A system overview of theMiCOM P343 is shown in Figure 5.


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8

E1

E2

E3

5A

1A

IA(2)

50P 50N 51P

51N 67N64 46

50BF

See note 1

Watchdog

IRIG-B

FRONT

REAR

2nd REAR

RS232

RS485

RS485RS232K-Bus

Measurements

kA, kV, HzkW, kVA, kVArskWh, kVArhSequence componentsThermal stateTemperature

1 4 0 0

250Eventrecords

IN > 1 Start ON

20Disturbancerecords

Fau lt A -B -C 15msIa = 1000 A Ib =1000 A Ic = 1000A

Programmable scheme logic

Breakermonitoring

No. trips = 100SUM I2 = 1000 kACB opt time = 100 ms

5Faultreports

52

+

+

Courier

Courier

CourierModbusIEC60870-5-103

LEDs

See note 2

00:12:00 01/01/99

00:12:01 01/01/99

Trip A B C ON

+

D2

D1D4

D3

D6D5D8

D7D10

D9D12

D11D14

D13D16

D15

F2

F1F4

F3F6

F5F8

F7F10

F9F12

F11F14

F13F16

F15

RL7

RL6

RL5

RL4

RL3

RL2

RL1

User programmble

J8J10

48V field voltage

J7J9

48V field voltage

J14J13J12J11

Relay failed

Relay healthy

H1H2H3H4H5H6H7H8H9H10H11H12H13H14H15H16H17H18

Auxiliary voltage

See note 3

J2

J1

& &1

1

CTS

C23

C24

L1 Setting group

L2 Setting group

L3 Block IN>2

L4 BlockI>2

L5 Reset

L6 Ext prot trip

L7 52a

L8 52b

L9 Not used

L10 Not used

L11 Not used

L12 Not used

L13 Not used

L14 Not used

L15 Not used

L16 Not used

Userprogrammable(defaults shown)



R1 Trip CB

R2 Trip PrimeMov

R3 Any trip

R4 General alarm

R5 CB fail

R6 E/F trip

R7 Volt trip

ANSI Numbers

Instantaneous phase overcurrentInstantaneous neutral overcurrentTime delayed phase overcurrentTime delayed neutral overcurrentSensitive earth fault/restricted earth faultNegative phase sequenceBreaker failure and backtripCurrent transformer supervision

50P50N51P51N67N/644650BFCTS

Voltage controlled overcurrentUnderimpedance100% stator earth faultUndervoltageOvervoltageOver/underfrequencyReverse/low forward/over powerOverfluxing

51V2127TN2759813224

Note 1: All CT connectors have integral shorting.These contacts are made before the internalCT circuits are disconnected.

Note 2: 1A CT connections shown.

Note 3: The bridge rectifier is not present on the 24 48V dc version.

RL14

RL13

RL12

RL11

RL10

RL9

RL8G1G2G3G4G5G6G7G8G9G10G11

G12G13G14G15G16G17G18


Analogue x4Outputs

(optional)

Analogue x4Inputs(optional)

R8 Freq trip

R9 Diff trip

R10 SysBack trip

R11 NPS trip

R12 FFail trip

R13 Power trip

R14 V/Hz trip

B1B2B3

RTD 1

B28B29B30

B1B2

RTD 10

Optional10 RTDs

49

38

26

Timesynchronisation

87G

E4

E5

E6

5A

1A

IB(2)

E7

E8

E9

5A

1A

IC(2)

C13C14

C15

5A

1AINSensitive

C22

C19

C20

C21

C1

C2

C3

5A

1A

C4

C5

C6

5A

1A

C7

C8

C9

5A

1A

C10

C11

C12

5A

1A

VN

VA

VB

VC

IA

IB

IC

Loss of fieldUnintentional energisation at standstillVoltage transformer supervisionGenerator differentialResidual overvoltageField winding temperatureBearing temperatureStator winding temperaturePole slipping

4050/27VTS87G59N26384978

J17

J18

27 59 81

51V 21

32

27TN

24 40

5027 VTS 59N

78 49

IN

B3

B16B17

B18

20mA1mA

20mA1mA

Figure 5: MiCOM P343 system overview(not intended for wiring purposes, refer to external connection diagram 10 P343 01 for connection details

P343


21/210

9

7

2

6

1

3

5

4

8

Figure 6: User interface

User interface

The front panel user interfacecomprises:

(1) A 2 x 16 character back-litliquid crystal display.

(2) Four fixed function LEDs.

(3) Eight user programmable LEDs.

(4) Menu navigation and dataentry keys.

(5) READ and CLEARkeys for viewing and

acknowledging alarms.

(6) An upper cover identifying theproduct name. The cover maybe raised to provide access tothe product model number,serial number and ratings.

(7) A lower cover concealing thefront RS232 port, download/monitor port and batterycompartment. The front of thecover can display the name ofthe product or any user definedname.

(8) Facility for fitting a security leadseal.

The user interface and menu textare available in English, French,German and Spanish as standard.Labels supplied with the deviceallow customised descriptions of theLEDs. A user selectable defaultdisplay provides measurementinformation, time/date, protectionfunctions and plant referenceinformation. The ability to customisethe menu text and alarmdescriptions is also supported.

Password protection

Password protection may beindependently applied to thefront user interface, frontcommunications port and rearcommunications port.Two levels of passwordprotection are availableproviding access to the controls

and settings respectively.


22/210

10

IEC Standard inverse t = TMSx

IEC Very inverse t = TMSx

IEC Extremely inverse t = TMSx

UK Long time inverse t = TMSx

IEEE Moderately inverse

t = TDx

IEEE Very inverse

IEEE Extremely inverse

US CO8 Inverse

US CO2 Short timeinverse

RI, IDG, UK rectifiercurves also available

t = TDx

t = TDx

t = TDx

t = TDx

0.14

(IIs -1)0.02

13.5

(IIs -1)

80

(IIs -1)2

120

(IIs -1)

0.0515

(IIs -1)0.02

+ 0.114

19.61

(IIs -1)2

+ 0.491

28.2

(IIs -1)2 + 0.1217

5.95

(IIs -1)2 + 0.18

0.16758

(IIs -1)0.02 + 0.11858

IEEE/US curves

TD = 7

IEC/UK curves

TMS = 1

TD 0.5 to 15TMS 0.025 to 1.2

IEEE MIIEEE VI

IEEE EIUS CO8

US CO2

100101

Current (Multiples ofIs)

0.1

1

10

100

Operating

time(s)

UK LTI

IEC SI

IEC VI

IEC EI

1000

100

10

1

0.1100101

Current (Multiples ofIs)

Operating

time(s)

Protection setting ranges

Generator differential

Mode Percentage bias/high impedance

Is1 0.05In to 0.5In

k1 0 to 20%

Is2 1In to 5In

k2 20 to 150%

100% stator earth fault

3rd harmonic neutralundervoltage

0.3 to 20V (100 120V)1.2 to 80V (380 480V)

Vph-ph< inhibit

30 to 120V (100 120V)120 to 480V (380 480V)

Definite time 0 - 100s

P < Inhibit

(4 to 200) In W (Vn = 100/120V)(16 to 800) In W (Vn = 380/480V)

Q < Inhibit

(4 to 200) In VArs (Vn = 100/120V)(16 to 800) In VArs (Vn = 380/480V)

S < Inhibit

(4 to 200) In VA (Vn = 100/120V)(16 to 800) In VA (Vn = 380/480V)

Third harmonic neutralovervoltage

0.3 to 20V (100V - 120V)1.2 to 80V (380 - 480)

Unintentional energisation atstandstill

I> 0.08 to 4In

Vph-ph 0 to 100sTrip 0.05 to 0.5Ink 2 to 40stmax 500 to 2000s

tmin 0 to 100sOverfluxing (V/Hz)

V/Hz trip and alarm

1.5 to 3.5V/Hz (100 120V)

6.0 to 14V/Hz (380 480V)

TMS (trip) 1 to 63

DT (trip and alarm) 0 to 100s

Pole slipping

ZA (lens forward reach),ZB (lens reverse reach) andZC (reactance line)

0.5 to 350(In = 1A, Vn = 100/120V)

0.1 to 70(In = 1A, Vn = 380/480V)

2 to 1400(In = 5A, Vn = 100/120V)

0.4 to 280(In = 5A, Vn = 380/480V)

Lens angle 90 to 150

Blinder angle 20 to 90

Timers T1 and T2 0 to 1s

Reset timer 0 to 100s

Zones 1 and 2 slip count 1 to 20

Resistance temperaturedetectors (RTDs)

RTD alarm temperature0 to 200C

RTD trip temperature0 to 200C

Alarm and trip time delays0 to 100s

CT supervision

Neutral voltage level detectorsettings VN (V)

0.5 to 22V in 0.5V steps for100/120V ac VTs

2 to 88V in 2V steps for380/480V ac VTs

Thermal Overload

Thermal alarm 20 to 100%

Thermal trip current setting0.5 to 2.5 In

Heating and cooling timeconstants 1 to 200 mins

wheret : time to trip

: heating time constant of theprotected machine

Ieq : equivalent current

thermal I> : relay setting current

Ip : steady state pre-load currentbefore application of theoverload

M = user settable constant 0 to 10

Current Loop Inputs andOutputs (CLIO)

Current Loop Input (CLI) type0-1, 0-10, 0-20, 4-20mA

CLI range-9999 to +9999

CLI alarm and trip delays0 to 100s

Current Loop Output (CLO) type0-1, 0-10, 0-20, 4-20mA

CLO ParameterPh-n , RMS, sequence,fixed/rolling/peak demand -currentsPh-n, RMS, Ph-Ph, neutral,sequence, 3rd harmonic

neutral - voltages3 phase, single phase,fixed/rolling/peakdemand - Watts/VARs/VA3 phase and single phase pf,frequency, thermal state,RTD temps, CLI1-4

Ieq = I12 + MI2

2

t =

logeIeq2 - (thermal I>)2

Ieq2 - Ip2[ ]

Nominal(V) dc

24 - 4848 - 110

110 - 250

Operative range (V)

dc ac

19 - 6537 - 150

87 - 300

-24 - 110

80 - 265

Technical data

Ratings

Inputs:

AC current (In)1A/5A dual rated ac rms

AC voltage (Vn)

100 120V or 380 480V rmsnominal phase-phase

Rated frequency 50/60Hz

Operative range 5 to 70Hz

Auxiliary voltage (Vx)

Additional input/output cards areavailable for the P342 and P343(see pages 17 and 18)

Outputs:

Field voltage supply48V dc (current limit: 112mA)

Burdens

Nominal voltage circuitVn 110120 < 0.06VA at 110VVn 380480 < 0.06VA at 440V

Nominal current circuit

Phase


25/210

13

Thermal withstand

AC current inputs

4.0In continuous30In for 10s100In for 1s

AC voltage inputs

2 Vn continuous

2.6 Vn for10s

Current transformerrequirements

For voltage dependentovercurrent field failure andnegative phase sequenceprotection

Vk 20In (Rct + 2RL)

For stator earth fault protection

Vk Is (Rct + 2RL + RR)

For generator differentialprotection:

Low impedance diffVk > 50In (Rct + 2RL)

High impedance diff Vk > 2 Vswhere Vs = 1.5If (Rct + 2RL)Rs = Vs/Is1

Digital inputs

Optically isolated inputs may beenergised from the supervised

48V field voltage provided or anexternal battery. The operatingvoltage is menu selectable(24/27, 30/34, 48/54,110/125, 220/250V)

Operating voltage >19.2V dc

Max. input voltage 300V dc

AC immunity 300V rms

Contacts

Contact ratings:

Make: 30A and carry for 3s

Carry: 10A continuous250A for 30 ms

Break: dc 50W resistive62.5W inductive(L/R = 50ms)

ac 2500VA resistive

ac 2500VA inductive(P.F. = 0.7)

Subject to maxima of 10A and

300V

Watchdog contact ratings

dc 30W resistive

dc 15W inductive(L/R = 40ms)

ac 375VA inductive(P.F. = 0.7)

Durability:

Loaded contact10,000 operations minimum

Unloaded contact100,000 operations minimum

Current Loop Inputs andOutputs (CLIO)

CLI load resistance (0-1mA)< 4k ohms

CLI load resistance(0-10/0-20/4-20mA)


26/210

Three positive and three negativeimpulses of 5kV peak, 1.2/50s,0.5J between all terminals andall terminals and case earth.

This is not applicable to theRS232 and download/monitorports.

Electrical environment DC supply interruption

IEC 60255-11: 1979

The unit will withstand a 20msinterruption in the auxiliarysupply, in its quiescent state,without de-energising.

AC ripple on dc supply

IEC 60255-11: 1979

The unit will withstand a 12% ac

ripple on the dc supply. AC voltage dips and short

interruptions

IEC 61000-4-11: 1994

20ms interruptions/dips.

High frequency disturbance

IEC 60255-22-1: 1988 Class III

At 1MHz, for 2s with 200source impedance:

2.5kV peak betweenindependent circuits andindependent circuits and caseearth.

1.0kV peak across terminals ofthe same circuit.

Excluding the RS232 anddownload/monitor ports

Fast transient disturbance

IEC 60255-22-4 : 1992 Class IV

4kV, 2.5kHz applied directly to

auxiliary supply4kV, 2.5kHz applied to allinputs.


14

Surge withstand capability

IEEE/ANSI C37.90.1 (1989)

4kV fast transient and 2.5kHzoscillatory applied directly acrosseach output contact, opticallyisolated input, power supplycircuit, RS485, IRIG-B, VT and CT

circuits Radiated immunity

C37.90.2: 1995

25MHz to 1000MHz, zero and100% square wave modulated.Field strength of 35V/m.

Electrostatic discharge

IEC 60255-22-2: 1996 Class 4

15kV discharge in air to userinterface, display and exposedmetal work.

IEC 60255-22-2: 1996 Class 3

8kV discharge in air to allcommunication ports. 6kV pointcontact discharge to any part ofthe front of the product.

Surge immunity

IEC 61000-4-5: 1995 Level 4

4kV peak, 1.2/50s between all

groups and case earth.2kV peak, 1.2/50s betweenterminals of each group.


EMC compliance

89/336/EEC

Compliance to the EuropeanCommission Directive on EMC isclaimed via the Technical

Construction File route.Generic Standards were used toestablish conformity:

EN50081-2: 1994

EN50082-2: 1995

Product safety

73/23/EEC

Compliance with EuropeanCommission Low VoltageDirective.

Compliance is demonstrated byreference to generic safety

standards:EN61010-1: 1993/A2: 1995

EN60950: 1992/A11: 1997

Atmospheric environment

Temperature

IEC 60255-6:1988

Operating 25C to +55C

Storage and transit

25C to +70CIEC 60068-2-1: 1990/A2:1994

Cold

IEC 60068-2-2: 1974/A2:1994

Dry heat

Humidity

IEC 60068-2-3: 1969

56 days at 93% RH and +40C

Enclosure protection

IEC 60529: 1989

IP52 Protection (front panel)against dust and dripping waterat 15 to the vertical.

Mechanical environment

Vibration

IEC 60255-21-1: 1996

Response Class 2

Endurance Class 2 Shock and bump

IEC 60255-21-2: 1995

Shock response Class 2

Shock withstand Class 1

Bump Class 1

Seismic

IEC 60255-21-3: 1995 Class 2


27/210

15

Cases

P342 MiCOM 40TE/60TE

P343 MiCOM 60TE/80TE

Weight

P342 7.9 kg (40 TE)

P342 9.2 kg (60 TE)

P343 11.5 kg (60 TE)

P343 14 kg (80 TE)

Additional information

Technical Guide P34x/EN T

Operation Guide P34x/EN O

Courier Communications R4113

MiCOM S1 User Manual R8610

MiDOS Parts Catalogueand Assembly Instructions R7012

Case

The MiCOM relays are housed in aspecially designed case providing ahigh density of functionality withinthe product, a customisable userinterface, and additionalfunctions/information concealed byupper and lower covers. Physicalprotection of the front panel userinterface and prevention of casualaccess is provided by an optionaltransparent front cover, which canbe fitted or omitted according tochoice since the front panel hasbeen designed to IP52 protectionagainst dust and water. The case issuitable for either rack or panelmounting as shown in Figures 8, 9and 10.For international standard 483 mm

rack mounting of the 40TE and60TE case sizes, assembled singleracks frames, part n FX0021 001and blanking plates are available,see Accessories table. The 80TEcases can be ordered for rack orpanel mounting.

23.30 155.40

181.30202.00

10.35

159.00 168.00

8 off holes Dia. 3.4

A B B A

A B B A

Flush mounting panel

Note: If mounting plateis required use flush

mounting cut out dimensions

200.00

All dimensions in mm

Front view

177.00

206.00 30.00Side view

240.00Incl. wiring

Secondary cover (when fitted)

157.5 max

177.0(4U)

483 (19 rack)

Sealing strip

Panel cut-out detailA = Clearance holesB = Mounting holes

A Clearance holesB Mounting holes

30.00Side view

240.00Incl. wiring


157.5 max

23.25

159.00

10.30

168.0

0

177.00

Front view

116.55 142.45

155.40 129.50305.50

A B A B B A

A B B AB A


303.50

309.60

177.0(4U)

483 (19 rack)

Sealingstrip


A = Clearance holes

B = Mounting holes

177.0(4U)

483 (19 rack)

177.00

Front view

413.20


157.5 max

Side view30.00

240.00Incl. wiring


74.90

159.00

62.00

168.00

116.55 142.45

155.40 129.50

408.90

A B A B B A

A B B AB A


4.50

406.90

Figure 8:

Case size P342 (40TE)

Figure 9:

Case size

P342 (60TE)

P343 (60TE)

Figure 10:

Case size

P343 (80TE)


28/210

16

MiCOM P342/P343specification

An integrated generator protectionsolution shall providecomprehensive protection againstphase and earth faults andabnormal voltage, frequency,

power, field failure and overfluxingconditions.

Specific protection functions shallinclude; overcurrent, standard,sensitive and restricted earth faults,(100% stator earth fault), neutraldisplacement, voltage dependentovercurrent, under and overvoltage,under and overfrequency, reversepower/low forward power/overpower, loss of field, negative phasesequence thermal, thermal overloadoverfluxing, (pole slipping),(unintentional energisation atstandstill) and (generator differential)protections, as well as 10temperature measuring points usingRTDs and 4 analogue (current loop)inputs and 4 analogue (currentloop) outputs.

Two stages of phase overcurrentand earth fault protection shall beprovided, with a selection of nine

IDMT characteristics for one of thestages.

An additional CT shall be providedfor sensitive and restricted earthfault protection. It shall be possibleto set the power element for underpower or reverse power as well as

for over power.Programming of the device shall bepossible using a front panel userinterface, local and remotecommunications ports.A configuration feature shall beprovided to enable selection ofrequired functions. This shall allowmenu customisation, removingunwanted functions and settingsgroups from the settings displays.The front panel user interface shall

provide independent keys for theviewing and acknowledgement ofalarms.

Fixed and programmable schemelogic shall be provided uploadablefrom relay to PC and PC to relay.

The relay shall store factory defaultprotection and scheme logic settingsfor restoration or upload to a PC.

Time-tagged event, fault anddisturbance records shall be stored

in non-volatile memory. The internaldisturbance recorder shall have acapacity to store 20 records, eachrecord shall store sampled datafrom 8 analogue and 32 digitalchannels over a period of 10seconds.

The vendor shall be able to providesoftware support for local andremote programming, andextraction of records from the

device.A comprehensive range ofinstantaneous and integratedmeasurement values shall beavailable for viewing on the userinterface and the communicationsports. These values shall include thetemperature measurements that aretaken from the ten monitoringpoints.

Note: The functions in brackets

should be included if theP343 is required andexcluded for the P342.

Accessories Please quote on order

Rack frame, (in accordance with IEC 60297)

Case to rack sealing gaskets are available to improve the overall IPrating of the panel, (10 per order)

M4 90 pre-insulated ring terminals:Blue - Wire size 1.04 - 2.63mm2 (100 per order)Red - Wire size 0.25 - 1.65mm2 (100 per order)

Secondary cover: P342 Size 40TEP342/P343 Size 60TEP343 Size 80TE

Blanking plates: Size 10TESize 20TESize 30TESize 40TE

FX0021 001

GN2044 001

ZB9124 900ZB9124 901

GN0037 001GN0038 001GN0038 001

GJ2028 002GJ2028 004GJ2028 006GJ2028 008


29/210

17

Vx Aux Rating

24-48 Vdc48-110 Vdc, 30-100 Vac110-250 Vdc, 100-240 Vac

123

In/Vn RatingIn=1A/5A, Vn=100/120VIn=1A/5A, Vn=380/480V

12

Protocol Options

K-BusModbusIEC870

DNP3.0

123

4

Mounting

Panel mounting A

Design Suffix

OriginalPhase 2 Hardware

A

C

Note Design SuffixA - Original hardware, 48V opto inputs only, lower contact rating, no I/O expansion available, technical guide reference TG8614B

C - Latest hardware as described in this publication, technical guide reference P34x/EN T

NoteFor rack mounting, assembled single rack frames, part n FX0021 001 and blanking plates are available, see Accessories table

P

A1

N2

N3

N4

A5

X6

X7

X8

A9

X11

N12

X10

3 2 * * * * *4 * 0 *

X14

A15

N13

* * *

Hardware options

NothingIRIG-B onlyFibre Optic Converter onlyIRIG-B & Fibre Optic Converter

2nd rear communications port2nd rear communications port + IRIG-B

1234

78

Product Specific

Size 40TE Case, No Option (8 optos + 7 Relays)Size 40TE Case, 8 optos + 7 Relays + RTDSize 40TE case, 8 optos + 7 relays + CLIOSize 40TE Case, 16 optos + 7 RelaysSize 40TE Case, 8 optos + 15 RelaysSize 40TE Case, 12 optos + 11 RelaysSize 60TE Case, 16 optos + 16 RelaysSize 60TE Case, 16 optos + 16 Relays + RTDSize 60TE case, 16 optos + 16 relays + CLIOSize 60TE Case, 24 optos + 16 RelaysSize 60TE Case, 16 optos + 24 RelaysSize 60TE case, 16 optos + 16 relays+ RTD + CLIOSize 60TE Case, 24 optos + 16 Relays + RTDSize 60TE Case, 16 optos + 24 Relays + RTD

ABCDEFGH

JKLMNP

MiCOM P342generator protection relay nomenclature


30/210

18

Vx Aux Rating

24-48 Vdc48-110 Vdc, 30-100 Vac110-250 Vdc, 100-240 Vac

123

In/Vn RatingIn=1A/5A, Vn=100/120VIn=1A/5A, Vn=380/480V

12

Hardware options

NothingIRIG-B onlyFibre Optic Converter onlyIRIG-B & Fibre Optic Converter2nd rear communications port

2nd rear communications port + IRIG-B

12347

8

Product Specific

Size 60TE Case, No Option (16 optos + 14 Relays)Size 60TE Case, 16 optos + 14 Relays + RTDSize 60TE case, 16 optos + 14 relays + CLIOSize 60TE Case, 24 optos + 14 RelaysSize 60TE Case, 16 optos + 22 RelaysSize 80TE Case, 24 optos + 24 RelaysSize 80TE Case, 24 optos + 24 Relays + RTDSize 80TE case, 24 optos + 24 relays + CLIOSize 80TE Case, 32 optos + 24 Relays

Size 80TE Case, 24 optos + 32 RelaysSize 80TE case, 24 optos + 24 relays + RTD + CLIOSize 80TE Case, 32 optos + 24 Relays + RTDSize 80TE Case, 24 optos + 32 Relays + RTDSize 80TE case, 32 optos + 16 relays + RTD + CLIOSize 80TE case, 16 optos + 32 relays + RTD + CLIO

ABCDEFGHJ

KLMNPQ

P

A1

N2

N3

N4

A5

X6

X7

X8

A9

X11

N12

X10

3 3 * * * * *4 * 0 *

X14

A15

N13

* * *

Protocol Options

K-BusModbusIEC870DNP3.0

1234

Mounting

Panel mountingRack mounting (80TE case only)

Note MountingFor rack mounting in the 60TE case size, assembled single rack frames, part n FX0021 001 and blanking plates are available,see Accessories table.

AB

Design Suffix

OriginalPhase 2 Hardware

A

C

Note Design Suffix

A - Original hardware, 48V opto inputs only, lower contact rating, no I/O expansion available, technical guide reference TG8614BC = Latest hardware as described in this publication, technical guide reference P34x/EN T

MiCOM P343(generator protection relaywith differential)nomenclature


31/210

19

Notes:

Your contact:


32/210

Publication

P34x/EN

BR/Gb

2003ALSTOM

-

1003

00

-Electronicfileonly-

Sonovision-I

TEP

Transmission & Distribution Energy Automation & Information, Le Sextant, 3 avenue Andr Malraux, 92300 Levallois-Perret. FranceTel: +33 (0) 141 49 20 00 Fax: +33 (0) 1 41 49 24 85 Email: [email protected] Internet: www.tde.alstom.com

Contact Centre on line 24 hours a day : +44 (0) 1785 25 00 70

ALSTOM, the ALSTOM logo and any alternative version thereof are trademarks and service marks of ALSTOM.MiCOM is a registered trademark of ALSTOM. Other names mentioned, registered or not, are the property of their respective companies.Our policy is one of continuous development. Accordingly the design of our products may change at any time. Whilst every effort is made to produce up to date literature, this

brochure should only be regarded as a guide and is intended for information purposes only. Its contents do not constitute an offer for sale or advice on the application of any productreferred to in it. We cannot be held responsible for any reliance on any decisions taken on its contents without specific advice.


33/210


MiCOM P342, P343 Page 1/176

CONTENT

1. INTRODUCTION 11

1.1 Protection of generators 11

1.2 MiCOM Generator protection relays 12

1.2.1 Protection features 13

1.2.2 Non-protection features 14

2. APPLICATION OF INDIVIDUAL PROTECTION FUNCTIONS 14

2.1 Configuration column 14

2.2 CT and VT ratios 17

2.3 Generator differential protection 17

2.3.1 Biased differential protection 19

2.3.2 Setting guidelines for biased differential protection 20

2.3.3 High impedance differential protection 21

2.3.4 Setting guidelines for high impedance differential protection 22

2.3.5 Interturn (split phase) protection 26

2.3.5.1 Differential interturn protection 26

2.3.5.2 Application of biased differential protection for interturn protection 27

2.3.5.3 Application of overcurrent protection for interturn protection 29

2.3.5.4 Interturn protection by zero sequence voltage measurement 30

2.4 Phase fault overcurrent protection 32

2.4.1 RI curve 34

2.4.2 Application of timer hold facility 34

2.4.3 Setting guidelines for overcurrent protection 35

2.5 System back-up protection 35

2.5.1 Voltage dependant overcurrent protection 38

2.5.1.1 Voltage controlled overcurrent protection 38

2.5.1.2 Voltage restrained overcurrent protection 40

2.5.1.3 Setting guidelines for voltage controlled overcurrent function 41

2.5.2 Under impedance protection 43

2.5.2.1 Setting guidelines for under impedance function 44

2.6 Undervoltage protection function (27) 44

2.6.1 Setting guidelines for undervoltage protection 46

2.7 Overvoltage protection 47


34/210


Page 2/176 MiCOM P342, P343

2.7.1 Setting guidelines for overvoltage protection 48

2.8 Underfrequency protection 49

2.8.1 Setting guidelines for underfrequency protection 50

2.9 Overfrequency protection function 52

2.9.1 Setting guidelines for overfrequency protection 52

2.10 Field failure protection function (40) 53

2.10.1 Setting guidelines for field failure protection 55

2.10.1.1 Impedance element 1 55

2.10.1.2 Impedance element 2 56

2.10.1.3 Power factor element 56

2.11 Negative phase sequence thermal protection 57

2.11.1 Setting guidelines for negative phase sequence thermal protection 60

2.12 Reverse power/over power/low forward power 62

2.12.1 Sensitive power protection function 63

2.12.2 Low forward power protection function 65

2.12.2.1 Low forward power setting guideline 66

2.12.3 Reverse power protection function 66

2.12.3.1 Reverse power setting guideline 67

2.12.4 Over power protection 68

2.12.4.1 Over power setting guideline 68

2.13 Stator earth fault protection function 68

2.13.1 IDG curve 70

2.13.2 Setting guidelines for stator earth fault potection 71

2.14 Residual overvoltage/neutral voltage displacement protection function 72

2.14.1 Setting guidelines for residual overvoltage/neutral voltage displacementprotection 74

2.15 Sensitive earth fault protection function 75

2.15.1 Setting guidelines for sensitive earth fault protection 77

2.16 Restricted earth fault protection 77

2.16.1 Low impedance biased differential REF protection 78

2.16.1.1 Setting guidelines for low impedance biased REF protection 81

2.16.2 High impedance restricted earth fault protection 81

2.16.2.1 Setting guidelines for high impedance REF protection 83

2.17 100% stator earth fault protection 86

2.17.1 Setting guidelines for 100% stator earth fault protection 90


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2.18 Overfluxing protection 91

2.18.1 Setting guidelines for overfluxing protection 92

2.19 Dead machine/unintentional energisation at standstill protection 93

2.19.1 Setting guidelines for dead machine protection 94

2.20 Resistive temperature device (RTD) thermal protection 94

2.20.1 Setting guidelines for RTD thermal protection 96

2.21 P342 pole slipping protection 97

2.21.1 Reverse power protection 97

2.21.2 System back-up protection function 97

2.21.3 Field failure protection function 98

2.22 P343 pole slipping protection 99

2.22.1 Introduction 99

2.22.2 Loss of synchronism characteristics 100

2.22.3 Generator pole slipping characteristics 103

2.22.3.1 What happens if EG / ES has different values less than one (1)? 103

2.22.3.2 What happens if different system impedances are applied? 103

2.22.3.3 How to determine the generator reactance during a pole slipping condition? 103

2.22.3.4 How to determine the slip rate of pole slipping? 1042.22.4 General requirements for pole slipping protection 104

2.22.5 Lenticular scheme 104

2.22.5.1 Characteristic 104

2.22.5.2 Generating and motoring modes 105

2.22.6 Pole slipping protection operation 106

2.22.6.1 State machine 106

2.22.6.2 Protection functions and logic structure 109

2.22.6.3 Motoring mode 110

2.22.6.4 Generating and motoring mode 110

2.22.7 Setting guidelines for pole slipping protection 111

2.22.7.1 Settings 114

2.22.7.2 DDB output 115

2.22.7.3 Pole slipping setting examples 115

2.22.8 Example calculation 115

2.23 Thermal overload protection 116

2.23.1 Introduction 116


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2.23.2 Thermal replica 117

2.23.3 Setting guidelines 119

2.24 Circuit breaker failure protection 120

2.24.1 Breaker failure protection configurations 120

2.24.2 Reset mechanisms for breaker fail timers 121

2.24.3 Typical settings 123

2.24.3.1 Breaker fail timer settings 123

2.24.4 Breaker fail undercurrent settings 123

2.25 Breaker flashover protection 124

2.26 Blocked overcurrent protection 126

2.27 Current loop inputs and outputs 127

2.27.1 Current loop inputs 127

2.27.2 Setting guidelines for current loop inputs 129

2.27.3 Current loop outputs 130

2.27.4 Setting guidelines for current loop outputs 135

3. APPLICATION OF NON-PROTECTION FUNCTIONS 135

3.1 VT supervision 135

3.1.1 Loss of all three phase voltages under load conditions 136

3.1.2 Absence of three phase voltages upon line energisation 136

3.1.2.1 Inputs 138

3.1.2.2 Outputs 138

3.1.3 Menu settings 139

3.2 CT supervision 140

3.2.1 The CT supervision feature 140

3.2.2 Setting the CT supervision element 141

3.3 Circuit breaker state monitoring 141

3.3.1 Circuit breaker state monitoring features 141

3.4 Pole dead logic 143

3.5 Circuit breaker condition monitoring 144

3.5.1 Circuit breaker condition monitoring features 145

3.5.2 Setting guidelines 146

3.5.2.1 Setting the ^ thresholds 1463.5.2.2 Setting the number of operations thresholds 146

3.5.2.3 Setting the operating time thresholds 147


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3.5.2.4 Setting the excessive fault frequency thresholds 147

3.5.3 Circuit breaker state monitoring features 147

3.6 Trip circuit supervision (TCS) 148

3.6.1 TCS scheme 1 148

3.6.1.1 Scheme description 148

3.6.2 Scheme 1 PSL 149







3.7 Event & fault records 152

3.7.1 Change of state of opto-isolated inputs 153

3.7.2 Change of state of one or more output relay contacts 153

3.7.3 Relay alarm conditions 154

3.7.4 Protection element starts and trips 155

3.7.5 General events 155

3.7.6 Fault records 155

3.7.7 Maintenance reports 155

3.7.8 Setting changes 155

3.7.9 Resetting of event/fault records 156

3.7.10 Viewing event records via MiCOM S1 support software 156

3.7.11 Event filtering 158

3.8 Disturbance recorder 159

3.9 Measurements 160

3.9.1 Measured voltages and currents 160

3.9.2 Sequence voltages and currents 161

3.9.3 Power and energy quantities 161

3.9.4 Rms. voltages and currents 161

3.9.5 Demand values 161

3.9.5.1 Fixed demand values 162

3.9.5.2 Rolling demand values 162

3.9.5.3 Peak demand values 162


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3.9.6 Settings 162

3.9.6.1 Default display 162

3.9.6.2 Local values 162

3.9.6.3 Remote values 163

3.9.6.4 Measurement REF 163

3.9.6.5 Measurement mode 163

3.9.6.6 Fixed demand period 163

3.9.6.7 Rolling sub-period and number of sub-periods 163

3.10 Changing setting groups 163

3.11 Control inputs 164

3.12 VT connections 164

3.12.1 Open delta (vee connected) VT's 164

3.12.2 VT single point earthing 165

3.13 PSL DATA column 165

3.14 Auto reset of trip LED indication 165

4. CURRENT TRANSFORMER REQUIREMENTS 166

4.1 Generator differential function 166

4.1.1 Biased differential protection 166

4.1.2 High impedance differential protection 167

4.2 Voltage dependent overcurrent, field failure and negative phasesequence protection functions 167

4.3 Sensitive directional earth fault protection function residual currentinput 168

4.3.1 Line current transformers 168

4.3.2 Core balanced current transformers 168

4.4 Stator earth fault protection function 169

4.4.1 Non-directional definite time/IDMT earth fault protection 169

4.4.2 Non-directional instantaneous earth fault protection 169

4.5 Restricted earth fault protection 169

4.5.1 Low impedance 169

4.5.2 High impedance 170

4.6 Reverse and low forward power protection functions 170

4.6.1 Protection class current transformers 170

4.6.2 Metering class current transformers 170


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4.7 Converting an IEC185 current transformer standard protectionclassification to a kneepoint voltage 171

4.8 Converting IEC185 current transformer standard protection classificationto an ANSI/IEEE standard voltage rating 172

5. COMMISSIONING TEST MENU 172

5.1 Opto I/P status 173

5.2 Relay O/P status 173

5.3 Test port status 174

5.4 LED status 174

5.5 Monitor bits 1 to 8 174

5.6 Test mode 174

5.7 Test pattern 175

5.8 Contact test 175

5.9 Test LEDs 175

5.10 Using a monitor/download port test box 175

Figure 1: Principle of circulating current differential protection 18

Figure 2: Biased differential protection operating characteristic 19

Figure 3: Relay connections for biased differential protection 20

Figure 4: Principle of high impedance differential protection 21

Figure 5: Relay connections for high impedance differential protection 22

Figure 6: Generator interturn protection using separate CTs 26

Figure 7: Generator interturn protection using core balance (window) CTs 27

Figure 8: Transverse biased differential protection for double wound machines 28

Figure 9: Generator differential and interturn protection 29

Figure 10: Overcurrent interturn protection 30

Figure 11: Interturn protection by zero sequence voltage measurement 31

Figure 12: Typical generator fault current decrement curve 36

Figure 13: Modification of current pickup level for voltage controlled overcurrentprotection 38

Figure 14: Modification of current pickup level for voltage restrained overcurrentprotection 41

Figure 15: Under impedance element tripping characteristic 43


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Figure 16: Co-ordination of underfrequency protection function with system load shedding 51

Figure 17: Field failure protection characteristics 53

Figure 18: Negative phase sequence thermal characteristic 59

Figure 19: Effective coverage of stator earth fault protection 69

Figure 20: IDG characteristic 71

Figure 21: Alternative relay connections for residual overvoltage/NVD protection 73

Figure 22: Relay connections for biased REF protection 79

Figure 23: Biased REF protection operating characteristic 79

Figure 24: Neutral scaling for biased REF protection 80

Figure 25: Principle of high impedance differential protection 82

Figure 26: Relay connections for high impedance REF protection 82

Figure 27: Distribution of the 3rd harmonic component along the stator winding of alarge generator, (a) normal operation, (b) stator earth fault at the star point(c), stator earth fault at the terminals 87

Figure 28: 100% Stator earth fault protection block diagram 88

Figure 29: Connection for 3rd harmonic undervoltage and overvoltage for 100% statorearth fault protection 89

Figure 30: Fixed scheme logic for unintentional energisation of standstill protection 93

Figure 31: Connection for RTD thermal probes 95

Figure 32: Field failure protection function characteristics (small co-generator) 98

Figure 33: Simplified two machine system 101

Figure 34: Apparent impedance loci viewed at the generator terminal (point A) 102

Figure 35: Pole slipping protection using blinder and lenticular characteristic 105

Figure 36: State machine 106

Figure 37: Regions and zones definition (generating mode) 107

Figure 39: Regions and zones definition (motoring mode) 110

Figure 40: Lenticular scheme characteristic 111

Figure 41: Pole slipping protection using blinder and lenticular characteristic 113

Figure 42: Example system configuration 115

Figure 43: CB fail logic 124

Figure 44: Breaker flashover protection for directly connected machine 125

Figure 45: Breaker flashover protection for indirectly connected machine 125

Figure 46a: Simple busbar blocking scheme (single incomer) 126

Figure 46b: Simple busbar blocking scheme (single incomer) 127

Figure 47: Relationship between the transducer measuring quantity and the currentinput range 128


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Figure 48: Relationship between the current output and the relay measurement 131

Figure 49: VTS logic 137

Figure 50: CT supervision function block diagram 140

Figure 51: CB state monitoring 143

Figure 52: Pole dead logic 144

Figure 53: TCS scheme 1 148

Figure 54: PSL for TCS schemes 1 and 3 149


Figure 56: PSL for TCS scheme 2 151


Figure 58: Trip LED logic diagram 166


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Page 10/176 MiCOM P342, P343


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MiCOM P342, P343 Page 11/176

1. INTRODUCTION

1.1 Protection of generators

An ac generator forms the electromechanical stage of an overall energy conversion

process that results in the production of electrical power. A reciprocating engine, orone of many forms of turbine, acts as a prime mover to provide the rotarymechanical input to the alternator.

There are many forms of generating plant that utilise a variety of sources of energyavailable, e.g. combustion of fossil fuels, hydro dams and nuclear fission.Generation schemes may be provided for base-load production, peak-lopping or forproviding standby power.

Electrical protection should quickly detect and initiate shutdown for major electricalfaults associated with the generating plant and, less urgently, to detect abnormaloperating conditions which may lead to plant damage.

Abnormal electrical conditions can arise as a result of a failure within the generatingplant itself, but can also be externally imposed on the generator. Commoncategories of faults and abnormal conditions which can be detected electrically arelisted as follows: (Not all conditions have to be detected for all applications.)

Major electrical faults

Insulation failure of stator windings or connections

Secondary electrical faults

Insulation failure of excitation system

Failure of excitation system

Unsynchronised over voltage

Abnormal prime mover or control conditions

Failure of prime mover

Over frequency

Over fluxing

Dead machine energisation

Breaker flashover

System related

Feeding an uncleared fault

Prolonged or heavy unbalanced loading

Prolonged or heavy overload

Loss of synchronism

Over frequency

Under frequency

Synchronised over voltage

Over fluxing


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Page 12/176 MiCOM P342, P343

Undervoltage

In addition various types of mechanical protection may be necessary, such asvibration detection, lubricant and coolant monitoring, temperature detection etc.

The action required following response of an electrical or mechanical protection is

often categorised as follows:

Urgent shutdown

Non-urgent shutdown

Alarm only

An urgent shutdown would be required, for example, if a phase to phase faultoccurred within the generator electrical connections. A non-urgent shutdown mightbe sequential, where the prime mover may be shutdown prior to electricallyunloading the generator, in order to avoid over speed. A non-urgent shutdown maybe initiated in the case of continued unbalanced loading. In this case, it is desirable

that an alarm should be given before shutdown becomes necessary, in order to allowfor operator intervention to remedy the situation.

For urgent tripping, it may be desirable to electrically maintain the shutdowncondition with latching protection output contacts, which would require manualresetting. For a non-urgent shutdown, it may be required that the output contacts areself-reset, so that production of power can be re-started as soon as possible.

The P342/3 is able to maintain all protection functions in service over a wide rangeof operating frequency due to its frequency tracking system (5-70 Hz). The P343frequency tracking capability is of particular interest for pumped storage generationschemes, where synchronous machines can be operated from a variable frequency

supply when in pumping mode. Additionally, in the case of combined cyclegenerating plant, it may be necessary to excite and synchronise a steam turbinegenerating set with a gas turbine set at low frequency, prior to running up to nominalfrequency and synchronising with the power system.

When the P342/3 protection functions are required to operate accurately at lowfrequency, it will be necessary to use CTs with larger cores. In effect, the CTrequirements need to be multiplied by fn/f, where f is the minimum requiredoperating frequency and fn is the nominal operating frequency.

1.2 MiCOM Generator protection relays

MiCOM relays are a new range of products from ALSTOM T&D - Energy Automation& Information. Using the latest numerical technology the range includes devicesdesigned for the application to a wide range of power system plant such as motors,generators, feeders, overhead lines and cables.

Each relay is designed around a common hardware and software platform in orderto achieve a high degree of commonality between products. One such product in therange is the P340 Generator protection relays. The relays have been designed tocater for the protection of a wide range of generators from small machines, providingstandby power on industrial sites, to large machines in power stations providing forthe base load on the grid transmission network.

The relays also include a comprehensive range of non-protection features to aid withpower system diagnosis and fault analysis. All these features can be accessedremotely from one of the relays remote serial communications options.


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MiCOM P342, P343 Page 13/176

1.2.1 Protection features

The P340 relays contain a wide variety of protection functions for the protection ofgenerators. There are 2 separate models available to cover a wide range ofapplications. The protection features of each model are summarised below:

Generator differential protection - Phase segregated differential protectionoperating on a biased or high impedance principle. Provides high speed,discriminative protection for all fault types. {P343 only}

Phase fault overcurrent protection - Two stage non-directional back-up protection.

Voltage dependent overcurrent/under impedance protection - Back-up protectionfor generators with limited fault current capacity.

Earth fault overcurrent protection - Two stage non-directional back-up protection.

Neutral voltage displacement protection - Two stage element providing protectionagainst earth faults on high impedance earthed systems.

Sensitive directional earth fault protection - Discriminative earth fault protectionfor parallel connected generators.

100% Stator earth fault protection - Provides protection against earth faults closeto the generator star point. {P343 only}

Under/overvoltage protection - Two stage undervoltage and two stageovervoltage protection.

Under/over frequency protection - Four stage under frequency and two stage overfrequency protection.

Reverse power - Protection against loss of prime mover.

Low forward power - Provides an interlock for non urgent tripping.

Over power - Back-up overload protection.

Field failure - Two stage element for protection against loss of excitation.

Negative phase sequence protection - Provides protection against unbalancedloading which can cause overheating of the generator.

Overfluxing - Provides protection for the generator/transformer againstunusual voltage or frequency conditions.

Pole slipping Provides protection against loss of synchronisation between thegeneration and the system {P343 only}

Unintentional energisation at standstill (dead machine) protection - Protectionagainst inadvertent closing of the generator circuit breaker when the machine isnot running. {P343 only}

Voltage transformer supervision - To prevent mal-operation of voltage dependentprotection elements upon loss of a VT input signal.

Thermal protection via RTD inputs - Thermal protection for the machine providedby measuring the temperature of winding/bearings etc. via resistive thermaldevices embedded within the machine. 10 RTD inputs can be provided.

Programmable scheme logic - Allowing user defined protection and control logicto suit particular customer applications.


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Page 14/176 MiCOM P342, P343

1.2.2 Non-protection features

Below is a summary of the P340 relay non-protective features.

Measurements - Various measurements of value for display on the relay oraccessed from the serial communications, e.g. Currents, voltages, temperature

etc.

Fault/event/disturbance records - Available from the serial communications or onthe relay display (fault and event records only on relay display).

Real time clock / time synchronisation - Time synchronisation possible from relayIRIG-B input.

Four setting groups - Independent setting groups to cater for alternative powersystem arrangements or customer specific applications.

Remote serial communications - To allow remote access to the relays. Thefollowing communications protocols are supported; Courier, MODBUS, IEC870-

5-103 (VDEW) and DNP3.0.

Continuous self monitoring - Power on diagnostics and self checking routines toprovide maximum relay reliability and availability.

Circuit breaker state monitoring - Provides indication of discrepancy betweencircuit breaker auxiliary contacts.

Circuit breaker condition monitoring - Provides records / alarm outputs regardingthe number of CB operations, sum of the interrupted current and the breakeroperating time.

Commissioning test facilities.

2. APPLICATION OF INDIVIDUAL PROTECTION FUNCTIONS

The following sections detail the individual protection function

p34x_application guide.pdf

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