PA 330 – Medical Records – Unit 2

Therapeutic Treatment Modalities

This Week's Seminar Agenda

Administrative Housekeeping

Review of Unit 1: The Body Structure and Function

Comprehensive Review of Unit 2: Therapeutic Treatment Modalities

Preview of Unit 3: Confidentiality of Medical Records

Administrative HousekeepingYou'll notice that I completed the grading for Unit 1 around the time the unit ended. One of the ways my job performance is measured is by how quickly I complete the grading.

Another job performance standard of mine is how well each of you judges my work.

Please remember that the grades don't “really count” until a day or two after the end of Unit 10. Also keep in mind that one of my goals is to give each of you the highest grade I can justify, not the lowest.

I have made many mistakes in the grade book of just about every class I've taught, during the course of each class – but I have never made a grading error that wasn’t easy to fix.

Don't be shy about communicating with me if you catch me in an error!

Summary of Unit #2

In this unit, we will continue to learn more medical vocabulary. Chapter 5 addresses basic pharmacology, different types of injuries, and related therapeutic treatments.

The pharmacological topics we discuss will include prescriptions with abbreviations, drug administration, drug profiles and drug schedules, and an explanation of the actions, indications, and side effects of several drugs.

We will also cover the drug approval process by the FDA and various methods to reduce medication error.

This week's graded events: Quiz, Discussion, Seminar

Review of Unit 1

This Unit provided an introduction to basic medical terminology that a legal professional will need in order to read and interpret medical records. The two chapters that made up this Unit focus on the systems and the body parts of those systems.

Chapter 3 presented an introduction to body orientation used in the medical field, including body planes and anatomical positions and directions.

Chapter 4 was an overview of medical diagnostic testing, such as blood and body fluid tests; radiological procedures; physical examination and testing; and motor and sensory function tests including reflexes and mental status. The unit also provided an overview of the components of a medical record.

Unit 1's graded events included: Quiz, Discussion, Seminar

Review of Unit 1's Discussions#1: The Medical Record's Role in a Medical Malpractice Case

Read "Medical Record Documentation - Is Yours a Help or a Hindrance in a Lawsuit?" With your classmates, discuss how the medical record plays a pivotal role in a medical malpractice case.

Please post your responses on the Discussion Board.

#2: What Do You Think about Electronic Medical Records?

Based upon your research, discuss your opinion on electronic medical records. Are you pro or con? Why? Be sure to reference the Internet sites you visited.

Please post your response on the Discussion Board.

Unit 2: Treatment Modalities (Part 1)

Medications

Understanding PrescriptionsAppropriate Drug AdministrationCommon Prescription AbbreviationsRoutes of Medication AdministrationMedication Side Effects

Medications: Drug Classes, Actions, Indications, and Side Effects (Note that this section takes up 60 of this chapter's 84 pages.)

Unit 2: Treatment Modalities (Part 2)

The Federal Drug Administration

Regulatory Activities: Communication

Enforcement Activities

Partnerships With Private Sector

Drug Oversight

Researching Drug Information

Drug Information Internet Resources

Unit 2: Treatment Modalities (Part 3)Chiropractic Care

History and Development of ChiropracticChiropractic TheoryChiropractic Regulation and Education

Physical Therapy Treatment Modalities

Therapeutic ExerciseTENS – Transcutaneous Electronic Nerve StimulationCryotherapy – Application of ColdThermotherapy – Application of HeatMassageTractionUse in Record Summaries

Additional Treatment Modalities – Complimentary / Alternate Medicine

Unit 2: Treatment Modalities (Part 4)

The Drug Approval Process

This lesson discusses drugs and other treatment modalities. In order to better understand the drug approval and use process, please go to the following sites:

Research: Food and Drug Administration (FDA)

Access the FDA website. Under FDA Activities, click on About the FDA, and then on "What the FDA Regulates" and "What the FDA Doesn't Regulate" (under FDA's Mission) for a discussion of the scope of the FDA's reach.

Research - Off-Label Use of FDA-Approved Drugs: Off-Labeling

Review FDA Role in Question and Pill Pushers. These articles discuss off-label use of an FDA-approved drug. Next, go to Medavoy Botox. In this article, Robert Goldberg defends the use of Off-Label drugs through the Medavoy Botox example.

The Resolution of the Medavoy Case - To learn how the case was resolved, check out the Medavoy Resolution.

Unit 2: Treatment Modalities (Part 5)

Medication Identification

Introduction

Medication identification systems were developed in an attempt to reduce prescription distribution errors. In this assignment, you will learn more about prescription errors and identification systems.

Research – links are active on our course pages.

Click on Hospital Bar Coding to learn about bar-coding within the hospital setting.

To learn more about bar-coding for drugs within a hospital setting, click on Hospital Drug Bar Coding.

Finally, please conduct some independent research to determine if these identification systems are successful in reducing the number of this type of medical error.

Unit 2: Treatment Modalities (Part 6)

Injury Caused by Medication

Introduction

In the previous assignment, you read about the bar-coding method used in an effort to reduce medication administration errors. Of course, patients are injured by medications even when these medications are administered correctly.

Now find a case in which the issue involves an injury caused by a medication.

Research: In LexisNexis, find and review a case concerning an injury that was caused by the administration of a medication, according to the following parameters:

1. Case cannot be older than 1993.2. You may use any court in any jurisdiction, i.e., federal or state court.3. Read the case; give the citation (e.g., Palsgraf v. Long Island Railroad, 248 N.Y. 339 -- be sure to provide the party names and cite number); and 4. write a brief overview.

This Week's Discussions#1: Off-Label Drug Use

Is Mr. Goldberg's analysis of the off-label use of a drug issue correct? Or, are there other issues of off-label drug use that might dissuade a physician from prescribing a drug for off-label use?

Please post your responses on the Discussion Board.

#2: Case Overviews – See Previous Slide, Part 6 of Treatment Modalities

After you have located, reviewed, and written your overview on a case involving injury caused by medication, post your overview here.

Note: Do not copy the overview LexisNexis or Westlaw provides or duplicate a case already posted. No credit will be given for duplicate cases.

Preview of Unit 2 Quiz

30 Minutes

Ten Questions: 4 multiple choice, 6 true/false

The exam is surprisingly comprehensive, touching on most sections of the material for Unit 2.

30 points are at stake.

This Week's To-Do List

Seminar – or Alternate Assignment

Discussion Board

Quiz

Preview of Unit #3In this unit, you will explore how the legal concept of confidentiality applies to medical records, as well as relevant exceptions that may exist. The unit also discusses the physician-patient privilege and exceptions to that privilege. The topics of peer review and quality assurance will also be discussed.

This week, we delve into the controversial topics of physician-patient privilege and the confidentiality of patient medical records. The doctor-patient privilege is a long recognized doctrine. However, some states have not statutorily recognized this evidentiary privilege. There are certain exceptions to this rule: disclosures made outside the doctor-client relationship; public interest; disclosure of HIV-related information; physician’s duty to warn; workplace safety; workers’ compensation; and third-party payers.

This week's graded events: Investigation Plan Paper, Discussion, Seminar

Good Evening!

We'll all be together again in six days and 23 hours!

Next Up – Unit 3: Confidentiality of Medical Records