pacific coast congress of harbor master & port...
TRANSCRIPT
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PacificCoastCongressofHarborMaster&PortManagers
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“Getting It Done” • TheCrescentCityHarborhasalonghistoryofdamageanddestruc7onfromtsunamis.
• Thecityexperiencedtsunamicondi7ons317mesbetween1933and2008
• In1964,12peoplewerekilledand19blocksofthedowntownareawasdestroyed.
• Todaywe’lldiscusshowtheharborrecoveredfromthe2006and2011tsunamis
Presenters:
• EllenJohnck,EllenJohnckConsul7ng
• PatrickBailey,CrescentCityHarborDistrictBoardofHarborCommissioners
• CharlieHelms,CEO/Harbormaster,CrescentCityHarborDistrict
• AnitaYao,Wharfinger,PortofSanFrancisco
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The 2006 Round of Destruction started on November 15
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2006 Tsunami • The2006tsunamidamagedtheharborbutthetrueseverityofthedamageswerediscoveredoveraperiodofmonths
• Theoriginaldamagees7matedidnotqualifytheeventforFederalAssistance
• TheHarborDistricthadtofindawaytoraise$5milliondollarstocoverit’sshareoftherebuild
• CALOfficeofEmergencyServicesdidnotwanttoupgradetheharbor–theirgoalwastoputitbackthewayitwas
• Theywouldpayforalimitedamountofhazardmi7ga7on–upto15%ofprojectcost
• HoweverCALOESwouldpayforupgradesrequiredbycodesandstandards
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The question was “What are the Codes and Standards for Marina design in a
tsunami zone?” Theanswer:NONE!
• Therewerenostandardsfortsunamisin2006buttherewereguidelinesforHurricanes
• Thedesignreturnperiodonhurricanesshouldbebalancedagainsttheexpectedlifeofthemarina,andcompliancewithlocalcodesandordinances.Keepinmindthatcodesareminimumdesigncriteriaandincreasedstrengthandreliabilitymaybemoreeconomicalinthelongrun
• Therecommendeddesignperiodforhurricanes(windand7dalsurge)isnormally50years(2%probability,inanygivenyear)and25years(4%probabilityinanygivenyear)shouldbeconsideredtheabsoluteminimumdesignperiod.Thisistrueeveniftheexpectedlifeoftheoffshorefacili7esislessthan25years.
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Ben C. Gerwick / COWI Tsunami Study
• TheHarborDistrict,inanefforttosupportit’sasser7onthatthemostefficientwaytorebuildtheharborwastousethe50yearHurricanestandard,hiredtheBenC.Gerwickengineeringgroup,nowapartoftheCOWIorganiza7on,toconstructapredic7vemodelfortsunamiflowintotheCrescentCityHarbor
• TheHarborwantedevidencethatitcouldusetoconvincetheCALOfficeofEmergencyServices(CALOES)thatrebuildingtheharbortoafifyyearreturnstandardwouldactuallybemorecostefficientthanjustreconstruc7ngthemarinatoitspriorstate
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Ben C. Gerwick/COWI Study Results • Thepreviousslidesshowthepredictedflowandvelocityofatsunamisimilartothe2006tsunamiintheCrescentCityHarbor
• Flowsofover6meterspersecond(11.6knotsor13.4milesperhour)arepredictedalongtheseawallatthemouthoftheharbor
• Thehighvelocityflowcon7nuesintotheharboritselfandbringsitsfullforceonto“H”dockandcon7nuestobaier“G”and“F”withsimilarforce
• Thedestruc7vethenflowsthroughouttheharborinagenerallyclockwiseflowatreducedveloci7es
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Ben C. Gerwick/COWI Code Findings • Bri=shCode(BS6349-1:2000):“Normallyadesignworkinglifeoftheorderof50yearsisexpected”
• AustralianCode(as3962-2001):"Strengthlimit-stateloadsshouldbecalculatedfora1ina50yearreturnperiodforwind,wave,surgeandfloodingloads“
• EM(1110-2-1615):"Theeconomicdesignlifeofmostsmallboatprojectsis50years"
• EuropeanCode(R46):For"portinstalla7onsfor(…)industrialopera7ons(…)only25years[designservicelife]canbefiguredon"
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2006 to 2011 • TheHarborDistrictwasabletosecureaCommunityDevelopmentBlockGrant(CDBG)for$5millionwhichwasusedtocovertheharbor’s25%costobliga7onforitsshareofthe2006tsunamirepairs
• ThegrantwasawardedtotheHarborsothattheDistrictcoulddemonstratetheeconomicimpactthefishingfleetandassociatedbusinesseshadonthecounty
• Inthemean7me,theHarborDistrictthroughitsDistrictEngineer,StoverEngineering,filedforthepermitsneededtobegintheharborrebuild
• StoverEngineeringmanagedthedesignandpermiqngprocess
• ThepermitspathwayconformedtotheCALOESstandardofrebuildingtheharbortoitsformercondi7on
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The Harbor’s reconstruction permit was issued in late February 2011 – just a few
weeks before the Harbor was completely destroyed
S7llstakenfromUSCGvideofilmedduringthetsunamievent
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The flow pattern of the 2011 tsunami was an amazing match to what was predicted in the Ben C. Gerwick/ COWI Study
S7llstakenfromUSCGvideosfilmedduringthetsunamievent
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Following the 2011 tsunami devastation, the California Coastal Commission put the rebuild debate to rest by mandating that a fifty year
tsunami resistant harbor be constructed
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To meet the fifty year standard, pilings were upgraded from 16 inch diameter to 31 inch diameter pilings which
were driven into bedrock
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The Bellingham Marine Unibolt concrete dock system was selected for the new harbor
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After dredging operations were completed in the Inner Boat Basin, the Outer Boat Basin and the federal channel were dredged while the Inner Harbor was being reconstructed
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Surge suppression dock at Harbor entrance (Photo courtesy of Bellingham Marine)
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View of Inner Boat Basin Piling Frequency (Photo courtesy of Bellingham Marine)
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Viewfacing“H”Dock(PhotocourtesyofBellinghamMarine)
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The West Coast’s First Fifty Year Tsunami Resistant Harbor The Crescent City Harbor District
(Photo courtesy of Bellingham Marine)