1

© 2013 Solar Turbines Incorporated

Packaging Turbomachines for

Offshore ApplicationsRainer Kurz

Solar Turbines Incorporated, Klaus Brun

Southwest Research Institute, Marybeth Nored

Apache Corp

Gas Electric Partnership 2013

2

© 2013 Solar Turbines Incorporated

Scope

• Turbomachinery in Offshore Applications

• Certification

• Movement and Deflection

• Air

• Fuel

• Weight

3

© 2013 Solar Turbines Incorporated

Offshore Applications

Generator Set

Mechanical Drive

Multi Body Compressor Set

5

© 2013 Solar Turbines Incorporated

Gas Turbine Installation on an FPSO

• Power Generation

• Mechanical Drive

6

© 2013 Solar Turbines Incorporated

Certification

7

© 2013 Solar Turbines Incorporated

Certification and Compliance

Classification of Floating Offshore Installations, Fixed

Location – FPSO / FPU, TLP, SPAR, CTs

Facilities Offshore Guide –Fixed Leg Platforms

Steel Ship’s Rules for Building and Classing – FPSOs

9

© 2013 Solar Turbines Incorporated

Division 1Zone 1

Division 1Division 2

Hazardous LocationsHazardous Locations

1000 Hrs./Yr.10 Hrs./Yr.1 Hr./Yr.

Duration of time Gas is Present

Risk

Not

Classified

Zone 0

Zone 2

10

© 2013 Solar Turbines Incorporated

Movements and Deflection

11

© 2013 Solar Turbines Incorporated

Movements

12

© 2013 Solar Turbines IncorporatedTOP VIEW

SIDE VIEW

Fluid Management

Evaluate L/O Tanks for

Pitch & Roll using CFD

• Bearing Scavenge Systems

• Package Scavenging

• Separate Lube Oil Tank

• Lube Oil Tank Baffles

13

© 2013 Solar Turbines Incorporated

Moderate Package Scavenge System

PACKAGE SCAVENGE OIL TANK

Lube Oil Tank and Drain Vent System Lube Oil Supply System

14

© 2013 Solar Turbines Incorporated

Installation Orientation

Parallel Orientation

ROLL ANGLE

Perpendicular Orientation

OIL CAN’T

DRAIN TO

TANK

OIL CAN

DRAIN TO

TANKROLL ANGLE

OIL CAN

DRAIN TO

TANK

15

© 2013 Solar Turbines Incorporated

Deck Deflections

16

© 2013 Solar Turbines Incorporated

Base Plate MountingBase Plate Mounting

TTS105-001

PACKAGE

MOUNTING

SURFACE

DECK

MOUNTING

SURFACE

STAINLESS STEEL VIBRATION

ISOLATORS

SPHERICAL

BEARING

Anti-Vibration

Mount (AVM)

MethodGimbal Mount Method

17

© 2013 Solar Turbines Incorporated

3-Point Mount Base Plates

TTS10

Single-Piece Base Plate

Two-Piece Base

Plate

Two-Piece Base Platewith Sub-Base

18

© 2013 Solar Turbines Incorporated

Air Filtration

19

© 2013 Solar Turbines Incorporated

Environment: The issues

• Environmental conditions can lead to fouling and corrosion

– Viscous hydrocarbons from flares, exhausts

– cement dust, shot blast, iron oxides

– salt crystals

– cyclic wet/dry conditions etc.

20

© 2013 Solar Turbines Incorporated

Air Filters Trade-Off

Cost,Size

Pressure Loss GT Main

tenance

Effectiveness

22

© 2013 Solar Turbines Incorporated

Behavior of Airborne Salt with Changes

in Relative Humidity

10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 1000

DR

OP

LE

T

DIA

ME

TE

R

RE

LA

TIO

NS

HIP

SALT DROPLET SIZE RELATION WITH HUMIDITY

Low Transitional High

Solids Both Liquids

~ 5

to

10 m

icro

ns

~ 0.5 to 2 microns

Filter has to deal with salt dissolved in water and salt particulates both in the airstream and in its surface!

23

© 2013 Solar Turbines Incorporated

Fractional efficiency for filter elements

1ST-STAGE

VANE

SEPARATOR

DRAINAGE SYSTEM

24

© 2013 Solar Turbines Incorporated

HIGH VELOCITY INLET SYSTEM MEDIUM VELOCITY INLET SYSTEM

Offshore Air Inlet Systems

© 2010 Solar Turbines Incorporated

25

© 2013 Solar Turbines Incorporated

Fuel

26

© 2013 Solar Turbines Incorporated

Hot Corrosion

• A form of accelerated oxidation

• 1100 to 1750F temperature range: two types

– Type I, High Temperature (1350 – 1750F )

– Type II, Low Temperature (1020 – 1350F )

• Na2SO4 commonly responsible

• Sodium intake is critical

• Potassium, vanadium, and lead also contribute to hot corrosion

28

© 2013 Solar Turbines Incorporated

Dealing with Contaminants in Gas Fuels

• Scale, Rust, Slag, Dirt

– Clean and PassivatePiping

– Use Proper Filtration

Fuel Filters and Coalescers

• Condensibles, Oils, Water

– Use Coalescing Filtration

– Fuel Heating

– Fuel Analysis (up to C14!)

29

© 2013 Solar Turbines Incorporated

Weight

30

© 2013 Solar Turbines Incorporated

Offshore Concepts Gas Turbines and Electric Drives

31

© 2013 Solar Turbines Incorporated

1Driven compressors not included (same for all scenarios). Weight for Generators (EMD Solutions) not included

Installed Weights and FootprintsDriver Systems for 10 MW Compressors

26 m2

40,000 kg

Electric Drive –Constant Speed

41 m2

60,000 kg

Electric Drive –Variable

Frequency

32 m2

60,000 kg

Electric Drive –Variable-Speed

Gear

30 m2

55,000 kg

All Gas Turbine

Driver System

Footprint

Driver System Weight

System Option1

• Driver System Weight and Footprint Impact Cost

• Gas Turbine and Variable Frequency Electric Drive Systems Comparable

– Provided Full Electrical Equipment Scope Included in Analysis

• Constant Speed Option Compact, But Limits Operability, Increases Size of Power Generation

32

© 2013 Solar Turbines Incorporated

Questions?Questions?