IN THE NAME OF ALLAH WHO IS THE MOST MERCIFUL & BENEFICENT.

TOPIC NAME:Constitution of 1956.

PRESENTED TO: MR. SHABIR AHMAD

Presented by: Seerat Saleem (2016-ag-8260)

2nd Semester. Bsc(hons) Agriculture Sciences.

CONTENTS:

What is constitution?Meaning of constitution.Importance of constitution.Constitutional history of Pakistan.Introduction of 1956’s constitution.Detail of 1956’s constitution.Points of constitution of 1956.Islamic provisions of 1956 constitution.Conclusions.

CONSTITUTION :

“Constitution is a set of laws/principles may be written or unwritten on which a country is acknowledge to be governed.”

MEANING OF CONSTITUTION:

In simple words, we can say a constitution is a constitutional law of state. It lays down the organization and function of state. The government used only those powers which the constitution grants to it.

IMPORTANCE OF CONSTITUTION:

Each state has a constitution which lays down the organization, power and functions of the government of the state. The government always works according to the constitution, no laws or order of the government can violate the constitution. Constitution is the supreme law and all government institutions and members are bound by it.

CONSTITUTIONAL HISTORY OF PAKISTAN:

On the 3rd June 1947, British government accepted the principles of partition of British India in order to create two independent states e.g., Pakistan & India. The British Parliament passed the India independence act on July 1947, at the new sovereign of Pakistan came into being of 14 August 1947. Every newly established sovereign state must first frame a constitution of a body of fundamental laws to run the government and this task has been given to the 1st constitution assembly. It consisted of a nearly 80 members elected by provincial Assemblies of Pakistan.

INTRODUCTION OF 1956’S CONSTITUTION:

The first constitution was introduced in Pakistan on 23 March 1956. 23rd March as you know is an important day in the history of Pakistan. You would recall that on 23rd March 1940 The Lahore Resolution was presented for approval in the annual session of ML held at Lahore. So when this constitution was introduced it was decided that it should be introduced on such a day of historical importance. Therefore on 23rd March this constitution was introduced.

DETAIL OF 1956’S CONSTITUTION:

The 1956 Constitution of Pakistan had 234 articles and 6 schedules in which the whole constitutional framework and principles for governance and power management have been outlined. This Constitution describes Pakistan as Islamic Republic of Pakistan that is the official title of the Pakistani state. If we look at the provisions of the constitution we will find that there is an impact of Govt. of India Act 1935 and the 1st Interim constitution of 1947 on this constitution. Some of the articles of the Indian Act of 1935 and the 1st Interim constitution have been incorporated in this constitution with some adjustments and modifications here and there and in certain cases language is very similar if not the same. So in a way there is some continuity from the previous document to this document. Although it is different from the previous one in most respects but there in some continuity.

POINTS OF CONSTITUTION OF 1956:

Pakistan was to be federal republic based on Islamic Ideology.A detailed and comprehensive list of fundamental rights with an Independent Judiciary was to be provided in the constitution.The system of the parliamentary form the government was adopted both at the centre and in the provinces.There was distribution of powers between the centre and the provinces.The constitution provided for Pakistan, wherein equality between the East and West wings had been maintained.For the distribution of subjects between the centre and the provinces, three lists of subjects had been drawn up.

There was a special procedure to be adopted for the amendment of the constitution, yet it was the least rigid constitution. It was reasonably flexible.It had provided for the two National languages Urdu for the West Pakistan and Bengali for the East Pakistan.Instead of the double citizenship, one citizenship system was provided for the Federation of Pakistan.The constitution was silent as to be method of conducting elections both for the Central and the Provincial legislatures.And finally, there were the Islamic characters of the constitution.

ISLAMIC PROVISIONS OF THE 1956 CONSTITUTION:

The name of the country will be Islamic republic of Pakistan.The preamble of the constitution embodied the sovereignty of the Allah Almighty.The Head of the State should be a Muslim.Islamic Advisory Council should be set up.No law detrimental to Islam should be enacted.

THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION.