pamela s. katz, j.d. professor of political science and legal studies the sage colleges, troy, ny...
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Vietnam: Government, Politics and
Constitutional Reform
Pamela S. Katz, J.D.Professor of Political Science and Legal
StudiesThe Sage Colleges, Troy, NY
Fulbright Scholar in Vietnam, 2012-13
Law, Youth and Citizenship Annual ConferenceOctober 18, 2013
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Agenda• Government Structure and Communist Party • Historical context of Constitutional Development• Current Constitutional Reform• The Road to Democracy: Predictions
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Government Structure and Communist Party• Communist Party of Vietnam• umbrella over governmental institutions• Politburo, Provincial and local Peoples’ Committees
• National Assembly, Presidency, Prime Minister, Administrative Agencies, Judiciary
• Fatherland Front• University System• Ethnic Minorities
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Historical Context
Historical marker
• 1945- Declaration of Independence of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam
• 1954- Geneva accords.
• 1975-South liberated. Unification as Socialist Republic of Vietnam
• 1986- Doi Moi
Constitutional reform
• 1946- first Vietnamese Constitution approved by National Assembly
• 1959- North Vietnam approved second Constitution.
• 1980- Third Constitution approved for entire nation.
• 1992- Fourth Constitution adopted
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Current Constitutional Reform• Reasons- • Relationship to world in global economy has changed• 1995- Entry into ASEAN• 2007- Entry into WTO• Current negotiation of TPP
• Pressure to advance rule of law and human rights• Desire to reaffirm primacy of Communist Party
• Process-• National Assembly established Constitutional Drafting
Committee• draft of revised Constitution approved by NA• Submitted to public for comments • Editorial Board of CDC will collect and report on public comments• Modifications to CDC, then to NA for 2/3 vote.
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Road to Democracy?
• Legacy of division• Civic engagement• Openness• Different voices
within Communist party
• Open dissent• Article 19• Petition 72•Multiparty system
• CORRUPTION• Coopting the
educated elite• Fear of
colonialism/concern about stability
• Speech and assembly restrictions• Decree 72• Censorship