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Panasonic GH4 Quick Start Guide for Shooting Video with the

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Page 1: Panasonic GH4 quick start - Concordia University · Two(options(for(using(this(camera: • Option’1: The&simplest&method&is&to&use&the&C1’Preset’thathas&been& entered&into&thecamera

Panasonic  GH4  Quick  Start  Guide  for  Shooting  Video  with  the

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Two  options  for  using  this  camera:

• Option  1: The  simplest  method  is  to  use  the  C1  Preset  that  has  been  entered  into  the  camera.

• Option  2: Put  the  camera  into  Creative  Video  Mode and  make  your  own  adjustments.  In  Creative  Video  Mode,  the  camera  has  also  been  set-­‐up  for  ease  of  use.

• This  guide  explains  each  option.  Please  look  at  both.• There  are  several  ways  to  operate  this  camera  and  many  options.  • This guide  is  designed  to  get  you  started.  Please  refer  to  the  manuals  for  more  information.

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Option  One:  Using  the  C1  Presetand

Basic  Operations

Panasonic  GH4

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The  C1  Presetand  Basic  Operation

• The  C1  preset  creates  MP4  videos  that  are  1920  x  1080  30p  (29.97)  200  Mbps.  You  can  edit  these  videos  directly  in  Adobe  Premiere.

• This  option  involves  five  easy  steps:  • 1.  Erase  all  images  and  videos  on  the  SD  card  from  the  previous  user• 2.  Change  the  dial  to  the  C1  Preset• 3.  Put  the  focus  dial  on  AFC  • 4.  Use  Image  Stabilization  if  necessary• 5.  Press  Record.  Exposure,  focus  and  white  balance  will  be  set                      automatically  while  you  shoot.

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Step  One:  Erasing  Previous  Images  and  Videos

Panasonic  GH4

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Enter  the  Play  Back  MenuPlayback  Controls

Step  One:  Erasing  Previous  Images  and  Videos

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Deleting  Videos  from  the  SD  CardPress  Trash  button  while  in  the  Playback  Menu

Please  Erase  all  your  images  before  handing  back  the  camera.

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Step  Two:  Change  the  Dial  to  the  C1  Preset

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Step  Three:  Change  the  Focus  Dial  to  AFC:  this  ensures  constant  auto-­‐focus  during  video  capture.Hold  down  the  shutter  button  to  focus  on  your  first  subject.  After  that  focus  will  change  automatically.

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AFC  is  for  Continuous  Focus  change  Press  the  shutter  to  set  the  initial  focal  point

Green  indicates  in  focusSet  Lever  to  AFC

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Step  Four:  Stabilization:  ON  when  the  camera  is  handheld

OFF  when  the  camera  is  on  a  tripod

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Step  Five:  Press  the  Rec.  button  to  start  recording.

Elapsed  recording  time Recording  format

Rec.  timeremainingon  SD  Card

Rec.  Indication

Audio  Level  MetersRec.  Button

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If  you  do  not  see  all  of  this  information  in  the  LCD  display,  press  the  Display  button  on  the  back  of  the  camera  to  toggle  through  the  different  display  types.

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Basic  Operation:  Backing  up  Videos

Panasonic  GH4

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Take  out  the  SD  card  from  the  camera  and  into  your  Mac.  Back  up  the  .MP4  files  on  to  your  drive.  They  can  be  imported  directly  into  Premiere.

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Audio  RecordingPanasonic  GH4

Right  Channel  MicrophoneLeft  Channel  Microphone

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Notes  on  Improving  Audio  Recording

• The  stereo  microphone  on  the  camera  can  pick  up  noise  when  you  manipulate  the  camera.  • This  built-­‐in  microphone  will  also  pick  up  room  noise• It  is  suitable  if  the  subject  is  close  to  the  camera  in  a  quiet  environment• If  you  want  a  better  audio  recording  quality,  rent  a  Zoom  audio  recorder  from  the  CDA• Slate  the  shot  (with  a  proper  slate  or  a  hand  clap)  so  the  audio  recorded  with  the  Zoom  can  be  synchronized  later  with  the  video  in  Premiere  (by  making  a  merged  clip)

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Option  Two:  Creative  Video  Mode

Panasonic  GH4

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Creative  Video  ModeThis  mode  gives  you  more  control  over  the    image

and  4K  Video  options.

Turn  the  Dial  to  Creative  video  mode.Note:  You  cannot  take  still  pictures  in  creative  video  mode.

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Choosing  a  Video  Recording  FormatPanasonic  GH4  Creative  Video  Mode

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GH4  Menu  Access

Menu  Button

Exit  Menu  Page  Button

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Choose  the  Rec  Format:

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There  are  four  Rec  Format  Options:  MP4(LPCM)  and  MOV  are  the  best  options.Adobe  Premiere  accepts  both  file  types.

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A  decent  computer  is  required  to  edit  these  two  formats.

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4K  options  do  not  appear  unless  you  are  in  Creative  Video  Mode.

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After  choosing  the  Rec  Format,  choose  the  Rec  Quality.  This  determines

the  image  size,  frame  rate  and  image  quality.

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There  are  many  options  for  HD  video  formats.  1920x1080  23.98p  (24p)  is  the  most  common.

The  200  Mbps,  ALL-­‐INTRA  variation  is  the  highest  quality.

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Each  HD  frame  rate  has  three  quality  options  from  best  to  worst:200  Mbps,  100  Mbps  and  50  Mbps.

The  lower  the  quality,  the  longer  the  recording  time  on  the  SD  card.

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The  HD  100  Mbps  Settings  have  a  Variable  Frame  Rate  Option.

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Setting  the  Variable  Frame  Rate  is  a  separate  menu  option.

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Shooting  with  a  higher  (variable)  frame  rate  creates  a  smooth  slow  motion  effect.

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About  Frame  Rates:

• The  more  frames  per  second,  the  more  detail  in  motion  and  the  less  blur  on  moving  subjects• 23.98  fps  (24p)  is  the  common  frame  rate  for  HD  TV  and  Projectors• 29.97  fps  (30p)  is  also  a  common  frame  rate  with  more  precise  motion  detail• 59.94  fps  (60p)  is  usually  used  for  a  slow  motion  effect  • Frame  rates  higher  than  60p  are  used  for  slow  motion  effects

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If  you  see  only  25p  and  50p  (PAL)  frame  rates  change  the  System  Frequency  to  59.94  Hz  (NTSC).

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Changing  the  System  Frequency  to  24.00  Hz  (Cinema)  will  give  you  true  24  fps.  This  is  different  from  23.97  fps.  All  TVs,  Video  Media  Players  and  other  HDMI  devices  expect  the  NTSC  frame  rate  of  23.98  or  29.97.  Only  choose  the  24.00  Hz  option  if  you  

are  shooting  for  DCP  (digital  cinema  package).

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Video  Recording  Time  on  64  GB  SD  cards.

• MOV  and  MP4  (LPCM)  format:• 4K  30p,24p  :  1h  25  min• 1080  60p,30p,24p  200  Mbps  All  Intra:  41  min• 1080  60p,30p,24p  100  Mbps:  1h  23  min• 1080  60p,30p,24p  50  Mbps  2h  45  minMultiple  continuous  files  are  created  of  4  GB  each  (max.)  

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Video  Recording  Time  on  64  GB  SD  cards  forthe  two  lower  quality  video  formats

• AVCHD• 1080  60p:  5h• 1080  60i:  8h  12min  but  try  not  to  use  this  frame  rate• 1080  30p:  5h  48  min• 1080  24p:  5h  48  minMultiple  continuous  files  are  created  of  4  GB  each  (max.)  

• MP4  format:  • 4K  30p,24p:  1h  23  min  (also  creates  multiple  files)• 1080  60p,30p:  20  min  (this  creates  one  4  GB  file  – continuous   recording   is  not  possible  – 320  minutes  in  16  separate  4  GB  files)

• 720  30p:  30  min  (this  creates  one  4  GB  file  – continuous   recording   is  not  possible  – 480  minutes  in  16  4  GB  separate  files)

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Format  and  Rec.  Time  Information  on  the  Display:

Creative  video  modeProgrammed  exposure

Rec  Format  and  Frame  Rate

Recording  time  on  cardWith  that  video  format

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Exposure  Settings  in  Creative  Video  ModePanasonic  GH4  Creative  Video  Mode

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In  Creative  Video  Mode:Choosing  an  Exposure  Mode  in  the  Menu

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In  Creative  Video  Mode:Choosing  an  Exposure  Mode  on  the  Touch  Screen

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Exposure  Modes

• P (Program):  only  ISO  changes  can  be  made  (set  ISO  to  Auto  if  you  wish)– aperture  and  shutter  speed  are  set  automatically  –the  simplest  way  to  use  the  camera• A  (Aperture  Priority):  aperture  can  be  changed  manually  while  the  camera  changes  shutter  speed  automatically  –use  this  mode  to  control  depth  of  field• S (Shutter  Priority):  shutter  speed  can  be  changed  manually  while  the  camera  changes  aperture  automatically  –use  this  mode  to  control  motion  blur•M (Manual):  full  control  –for  the  geeks

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Adjusting  Exposure  on  the  Camera

Aperture  Adjustment

Shutter  AdjustmentISO  adjustment  (then  back  wheel)

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Exposure  Settings  in  the  Display  in  Manual  Exposure  Mode

aperture

Shutter  speed

ISO

Creative  Video  ModeManual  Exposure

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Adjusting  Exposure  on  the  Touch  Screen

Touch  Screen  Menu

F:  ApertureSS:  Shutter  SpeedISOSound  Levels F:  Aperture

SS:  Shutter  SpeedISOSound  Levels

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Exposure  terminology

• Aperture:  an  opening  in  the  lens  to  allow  more  or  less  light• Aperture  also  effects  how  much  of  an  image  is  in  focus  (depth  of  field)• Larger  lens  openings  (  f/1.4)  create  a  shallower  depth  of  field  (smaller  area  in  focus)

Depth  of  field  is  also  affected  by  the  focal  length  of  the  lens.

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Exposure  terminology• Shutter:  the  length  of  time  for  each  single  exposure  – each  frame  of  the  video  is  exposed  for  this  amount  of  time• Shutter  Speeds  are  expressed  as  a  fraction: 60  means  1/60th of  a  second• For  video  the  normal  shutter  speed  is  twice  the  frame  rate,  ex:  1/60th of  a  sec.  is  used  for  shooting  video  at  29.97  fps• Going  below  this  2x  rate  causes  excessive  motion  blur  in  the  image• The  higher  the  shutter  speed:  the  less  motion  blur  in  the  image• Very  high  shutter  speeds  can  cause  motion  to  look  like  clockwork  and  may  also  cause  distortion  in  fast  moving  objects

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Exposure  terminology

• ISO:  the  camera’s  sensitivity  to  light• A  higher  ISO  number  means  a  greater  sensitivity  to  light:  an  exposure  is  possible  in  low  lighting• Always  shoot  on  the  lowest  ISO  possible• Higher  ISO  numbers  increase  noise  in  the  image• ISO  200,  400  and  800  are  the  most  common  ISO  settings• ISO  1600,  3200  and  6400  are  useful  but  expect  a  lower  quality  image

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Exposure  terminology

• All  three  of  these  elements  (Aperture,  Shutter  Speed  and  ISO)  coordinate  to  determine  the  exposure

• Example  1:  choosing  a  larger  lens  opening  for  shallow  depth  of  field  will  let  in  more  light  –you  may  have  to  compensate  by  choosing  a  faster  shutter  speed  or  a  less  sensitive  ISO• Example  2:  choosing  a  slower  shutter  speed  to  increase  motion  blur  will  let  in  more  light  – you  may  have  to  compensate  by  choosing  a  smaller  lens  opening  or  less  sensitive  ISO

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• In  the  following  examples  note  how  the  focus  area  (depth  of  field)  narrows  as  the  f  stop  (aperture)  opening  becomes  larger.• Notice  how  the  shutter  speed  compensates  for  the  changes  in  light  level  caused  by  the  aperture  changes.  The  larger  the  aperture  opening,  the  more  rapid  the  shutter  speed  becomes.• These  are  examples  of  depth  of  field  in  still  photography.  While  shooting  video  I  would  never  go  below  1/50th of  a  second  shutter  speed  unless  I  wanted  a  lot  of  motion  blur

Examples  of  depth  of  field  changes

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The  LED  screen  in  very  accurate  and  detailed!  Use  Zebra  Stripes  to  indicate  overexposure.These  are  turned  on  by  default.

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FocusPanasonic  GH4

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Use  AFC  for  continuous  auto  focus  while  shooting.Press  the  shutter  to  set  the  initial  focal  point.

Green  indicates  in  focusSet  Lever  to  AFC

Note:  Auto  Focus  can  become  a  problem  in  low  light.

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Manual  Focus:

Set  the  lever  to  MF

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The  manual  Focus  ring  activates  a  magnified  window  in  the  LCD:  use  this  to  set  the  initial  focal  point.

Two  choices  to  escape  out  of  magnified   window

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Panasonic  GH4  Creative  Video  Mode  Check  List

• Erase  all  images  and  video  on  the  SD  card  from  previous  users• Put  the  camera  in  Creative  Video  Mode• Choose  a  video  recording  format  and  quality• Choose  the  exposure  mode  of  your  preference• Choose  the  focus  mode  of  your  preference• Check  the  image  stabilizer  on  the  lens• Check  audio  levels  if  applicable

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Menu  OptionsHere  are  the  following  menu  options  I  have

selected  for  ease  of  use.

Panasonic  GH4

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The  White  Balance  is  on  automatic  by  default.

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Motion  Picture  Menu:

• Photo  Style:  STD (Standard)  – it  is  much  easier  to  manipulate  the  image  after  shooting  -­‐Cinelike D  is  a  good  option  as  well.• AFS/AFF:  AFF – I  recommend  using  the  AFC  auto  focus  option  but  in  case  you  turn  the  dial  to  AFS/AFF  then  keeping  this  setting  on  AFF  will  ensure  that  the  camera  tracks  focus  on  moving  subjects• Continuous  AF  – ON• Metering  Mode:  on  Multiple by  default• Luminance  Level:  0-­‐255  – this  ensures  the  full  range  of  luminance• Silent  Operation:  ON –this  prevents  the  camera  from  making  a  noise  when  starting  and  stopping  recording

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Motion  Picture  Menu  continued…

• Mic  Level  Disp.:  ON  –you  can  see  audio  levels  in  the  LCD• Mic  Level  Adjustment:  0 – adjust  if  necessary  to  be  used  if  the  Mic  Level  Limiter  is  OFF• Mic  Level  Limiter:  ON – this  adjusts  the  sound  level  automatically• Wind  Cut:  AUTO  –by  default

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Custom  Menu  Settings:  here  are  a  few  important  settings

• Cust Set  Mem.:  this  is  were  you  can  create  your  own  custom  set-­‐ups  in  the  C2  and  C3  settings.  Please  do  not  change  the  C1  setting• Silent  Mode:  ON  –prevents  camera  noise  from  the  Rec.  button• Shutter  AF:  ON – focus  when  shutter  is  pressed  half-­‐way• Peaking:  OFF – I  can’t  see  anything  when  focus  peaking  is  ON• Zebra  Pattern:  Zebra  1  or  2 – pick  a  pattern  and  set  your  luminance  limit  – I  set  the  limit  to  100  percent,  95  percent  is  safer

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Appendix  from  the  manualResolutions  and  Quality  by  Video  Format

Panasonic  GH4

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