Qiu Jun-ping Zhao Rong-yingResearch Center for Chinese Science Evaluation

Competition and Excellence

—Subjects Competitiveness Ranking of World-class

Universities and Research Institutions 2009

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Outline

Introduction

Method

Features Results analysis

Problem & Solution

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1. Introduction

Reflecting the country’s

comprehensive strength.

Indicating the level of a

country’s science &

technology, education and

culture.

Significance

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1. Introduction

Providing universities

management guarantee Promoting scientific and

technological innovationProviding quantitative basis Providing the position

information Providing consultation report

Significance

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1. Introduction

The Scientific Competitiveness

ranking

- Object ： World-class Universities The Subjects Competitiveness

ranking- Object ： World-class Universities

and Research Institutions (22 subjects)

The Basic Indicators ranking- Object ： Scientific

competitiveness of World-class

Universities (7 indicators)

Research results

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Object1

Data Sources2

Index System3

2. Method

World-class Universities and Subjects4

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1475 universities (cited times in top 1% indexed by ESI in recent 11 years ) 2413 research institutions (cited times in top 1% indexed by ESI ) 22 subjects (ESI)

2. Method

Object Data Sources

Index System

World-class Universities and Subjects

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ESI Essential Science Indicators 1998.1.1 – 2008.12.31

DII Derwent Patents of Thomson Scientific Group Citation Index

Innovation 2004 -2008

2. Method

Object Data Sources

Index System

World-class Universities and Subjects

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Data combining A institution with different names Universities and research institutions

2. Method

Object Data Sources Index

System

World-class Universities and Subjects

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The patent data of Chemistry, Electronics and Engineering is included in the disciplines of Chemistry, Physics and Engineering in ESI respectively.

2. Method

ObjectData

SourcesIndex

System

World-class Universities and Subjects

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2.3 Index System

High-cited papers

refer to the papers in a certain subject and certain time whose cited times in top 1%

Hot papers refer to the papers

published in recent two years whose cited times in top 0.1% in recent two months

Indicators

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2.3 Index System

22 subjects in ESI

AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES BIOLOGY & BIOCHEMISTRYCHEMISTRY CLINICAL MEDICINE COMPUTER SCIENCE ECONOMICS & BUSINESS ENGINEERING ENVIRONMENT/ECOLOGY GEOSCIENCES IMMUNOLOGY MATERIAL SCIENCE MATHEMATICS

MICROBIOLOGY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY & GENETICS MULTIDISCIPLINARY NEUROSCIENCE & BEHAVIOR PHARMACOLOGY & TOXICOLOGY PHYSICS PLANT & ANIMAL SCIENCE PSYCHIATRY/PSYCHOLOGY SOCIAL SCIENCES GENERAL SPACE SCIENCE.

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Index System Scientific Productivity Scientific Impact Scientific Innovation Scientific Potential

2. Method

ObjectData

SourcesIndex System

World-class Universities and Subjects

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Scientific Productivity

Number of papers published in recent 11 years Number of papers indexed by ESI

2. Method

Object Data Sources

Index System

World-class Universities and Subjects

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Scientific Impact Total cited times of the papers published in recent 11 years Number of highly-cited papers Number of subjects indexed by ESI

2. Method

Object Data Sources

Index System

World-class Universities and Subjects

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Scientific Innovation

Hot papersHot patents

Utility patent Design patent Invention patent

2. Method

Object Data Sources

Index System

World-class Universities and Subjects

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Scientific Potential

Ratio of highly cited papers Number of highly-cited papers / Number of total published papers

2. Method

Object Data Sources

Index System

World-class Universities and Subjects

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Table 1 Index system to evaluate the research competitiveness of world-class universities

First-level Indicator Second-level IndicatorWeight

Scientific Productivity Number of Published Papers 30%

Scientific Impact

Number of Total Cited Times 20%

Number of Highly Cited Papers 20%

Number of Subjects Indexed by ESI 5%

Scientific InnovationNumber of Patents 5%

Number of Hot Papers 10%

Scientific Potential Ratio of Highly Cited Papers 10%

2.3 Index System

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Table 2 Index system to evaluate 22 subjects competitiveness of world-class universities and research institutions

First-level Indicator Second-level Indicator Weight

Scientific Productivity Number of Published Papers 30%

Scientific ImpactNumber of Total Cited Times 25%

Number of Highly Cited Papers 20%

Scientific InnovationNumber of Patents 5%

Number of Hot Papers 10%

Scientific Potential Ratio of Highly Cited Papers 10%

2.3 Index System

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High-level university

World-class subject

2. Method

Object Data Sources

Index System

World-class Universities and Subjects

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High-level university1475 universities in the world

- Top 600 (top 0.5%) Three grades :

- Top universities : top 100 universities - Famous universities : top 101 - 300 - Well-known universities : top 301 - 600

2. Method

Object Data Sources

Index System

World-class Universities and Subjects

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World-class subject

Top 10% in a certain subject Three grades:

- Top subject: top 1% - Famous subject: top 1% - 5%- Well-known subject: top 5% - 10%

2. Method

Object Data Sources Index

System

World-class Universities and Subjects

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3.Features of Subject Competitiveness Evaluation

Many valuable results have been deduced through

the comprehensive and systematic analysis on the

1475 universities and 2413 research institutions.

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3.Features of Subject Competitiveness Evaluation

The research competitiveness

rankings of world-class

universities

Innovation Index System

22 subjects

Features

Comprehensive

Systematic

Rich

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3.Features of Subject Competitiveness Evaluation

Scientific index system Scientific Productivity Scientific Impact Scientific Innovation Scientific Potential

ESI and DII Authority Credibility

Features

New concept Scientific indicators Authoritative data

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3.Features of Subject Competitiveness Evaluation

Making a detailed and

comparative analysis Discussing the changes Comparing on

evaluation results Providing us a better

understanding

Features

Based on China Oriented to the world Aimed at the future

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4. Results Analysis

Take the top 600 universities as sample, and get 3 related tables.

Table 3 shows the top 30 countries (regions) in research

competitiveness in 2009;

Table 4 shows the country distribution of World-class

universities in 2009;

Table 5 shows the subject distribution of the World-class

universities in 2009 (Top 10 and Chinese Universities).

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4. Results Analysis

Conclusions and Enlightenments The remarkable improvement of overall scientific research strength of China

The large gap between Chinese universities and the world-class universities

The large gap of high-quality papers number as well as the world scientific

research strength between our country and others

The great distance of research innovation between China and the top

countries

Vigorously strengthen the construction of top subjects

Re-examine the characteristics and standard of World-class University

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4. Results Analysis

(1) The remarkable improvement of overall scientific research strength of China

Chinese Mainland

- Ranks 12th

Hong Kong

- Ranks 22nd

Taiwan

- Ranks 26th

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4. Results Analysis

(2) The large gap between Chinese universities and the world-class universities

Chinese universities

-Top 100: 0

-Top 200: 3

-Top 400: 7

-Top 600: 20

-After Top 600: majority

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4. Results Analysis

(3) The large gap of high-quality papers number as well as the world scientific research strength between our country and others

Chinese mainland

-High cited papers: 11th

-Hot papers: 11th

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4. Results Analysis

Gaps

- World -class scientists

- Nobel Prize winners

- High quality papers

- World class achievements

- Hot papers

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4. Results Analysis

(4) The great distance of research innovation between China and the top countries

China

Patent: 3rd (1/5 of the United States and 1/3 of Japan)

Hot paper:11th

Invention patent:

China : Only 11%

Top countries: nearly 90%

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4. Results Analysis

(5) Vigorously strengthen the construction of top subjects

Peking University : 12

Zhejiang University : 11

Tsinghua University : 8

Fudan University : 8

Nanjing University: 7

Chinese Academy of Sciences : 19

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4. Results Analysis

(6) Re-examine the characteristics and standard of World-

class University

Characteristics of World-class University:

- Comprehensiveness

- Research frontier

- Innovation

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World-class scholars

World-class subjects

World-class achievements

World-class efficiency

World-class management

The standard of World-class University

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Table 3 2009 Ranking of Research Competitiveness of Country/Region (Top 30)

Rank Country/ Region

Published Papers

Cited Papers

Highly Cited

Papers

Hot Papers

Patents Highly Cited Ratio

Total

1 USA 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00

2 UK 48.49 43.66 39.96 45.26 28.55 82.40 49.25

3 Japan 51.06 40.17 29.84 27.26 77.00 58.45 45.56

4 Germany 44.60 38.41 33.15 34.60 31.29 74.33 43.66

5 Canada 34.76 30.37 27.19 29.62 21.92 78.23 38.27

6 France 31.60 25.32 24.05 25.09 25.36 76.10 35.35

7 Italy 34.52 28.30 23.67 24.57 12.88 68.58 34.77

8 Switzerland 17.33 17.48 16.77 18.17 10.57 96.79 34.61

9 Netherland 25.55 23.66 21.18 22.72 11.48 82.86 34.21

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Rank Country/ Region

Published Papers

Cited Papers

Highly Cited

PapersHot

Papers Patents

Highly Cited Ratio Total

10 Sweden 25.02 22.98 19.53 21.31 4.00 78.06 32.43

11 Australia 27.49 21.67 18.77 23.61 15.82 68.30 30.81

12 China 34.44 17.79 17.87 19.14 45.42 51.88 30.13

13 Denmark 15.84 14.33 13.14 14.55 7.73 82.93 29.55

14 Belgium 18.48 15.79 13.66 16.69 8.44 73.93 27.93

15 Spain 26.98 19.57 15.55 16.69 20.33 57.65 27.27

16 Finland 16.75 14.89 11.89 13.44 2.83 71.03 26.28

17South Korea 23.46 14.89 12.79 13.44 41.34 54.50 25.57

18 Austria 15.07 12.61 10.49 8.50 6.36 69.60 24.97

19 Ireland 9.56 7.72 7.13 8.80 4.98 74.61 24.86

20 Israel 17.02 13.46 11.34 8.50 7.75 66.63 24.74

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Rank Country/ Region

Published Papers

Cited Papers

Highly Cited

PapersHot

Papers Patents

Highly Cited Ratio Total

21 Norway 11.98 9.97 8.52 10.65 3.23 71.11 24.49

22

Hong Kong, China 15.39 10.81 10.19 12.85 15.02 66.22 24.23

23 Iceland 2.82 2.13 2.13 3.93 0.00 75.51 24.00

24 Singapore 12.23 7.95 7.98 11.13 12.30 65.27 22.79

25New Zealand 11.07 8.31 7.15 9.90 4.29 64.61 22.19

26Taiwan, China 21.27 12.87 9.87 10.65 20.45 46.41 21.08

27 Pakistan 4.01 2.03 2.62 3.21 1.27 65.27 20.84

28 Brazil 22.22 13.12 9.12 13.44 14.98 41.02 20.13

29Czech, Republic 10.96 6.50 6.17 7.87 5.37 56.31 19.46

30 Poland 15.61 9.54 7.71 8.50 1.67 49.38 18.94

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Country/Region

Top 100 Top 200 Top 300 Top 400 Top 500 Top 600

Num.Percent(%) Num.

Percent(%) Num.

Percent(%) Num.

Percent(%) Num.

Percent(%) Num.

Percent(%)

USA 54 54.00 85 42.50 109 36.33 137 34.25 157 31.40 178 29.67

UK 7 7.00 17 8.50 28 9.33 35 8.75 40 8.00 47 7.83

Germany 3 3.00 15 7.50 31 10.33 39 9.75 44 8.80 45 7.50

Japan 7 7.00 9 4.50 14 4.67 22 5.50 32 6.40 44 7.33

France 2 2.00 5 2.50 10 3.33 16 4.00 20 4.00 28 4.67

Italy 1 1.00 8 4.00 11 3.67 16 4.00 27 5.40 28 4.67

Canada 5 5.00 9 4.50 14 4.67 20 5.00 21 4.20 23 3.83

Spain 0 0.00 2 1.00 5 1.67 8 2.00 11 2.20 18 3.00

Australia 3 3.00 7 3.50 8 2.67 8 2.00 10 2.00 17 2.83

Netherland 3 3.00 7 3.50 10 3.33 12 3.00 13 2.60 13 2.17

China 0 0.00 3 1.50 7 2.33 7 1.75 15 3.00 20 3.33

Taiwan, China 1 1.00 1 0.50 2 0.67 3 0.75 5 1.00 8 1.33

Hong Kong, China 0 0.00 2 1.00 4 1.33 5 1.25 5 1.00 6 1.00

Table 4 2009 World-class Universities Distribution

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Table 5 2009 World-class subjects Distribution (Top 10 and Some Chinese Universities)

Rank NameCountry/Region

Number of the subjects Indexed by

ESI

Percent of Owning 22

subjects

Number of the Top 10

subjects

Percent of Owning Ranking subjects

1 Harvard University USA 22 100.0 14 63.6

2Johns Hopkins

UniversityUSA 22 100.0 6 27.3

3 Stanford USA 21 95.5 13 61.9

4University of

Washington (Seattle)USA 22 100.0 10 45.5

5 University of Tokyo Japan 21 95.5 5 23.8

6University of California

at Los AngelesUSA 22 100.0 6 27.3

7 University of Michigan USA 21 95.5 4 19.0

8University of California,

BerkeleyUSA 22 100.0 10 45.5

9Massachusetts Institute

of TechnologyUSA 21 95.5 7 33.3

10 University of Toronto Canada 22 100.0 2 9.1

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Rank NameCountry/Region

Number of the subjects Indexed by

ESI

Percent of Owning 22

subjects

Number of the Top 10 subjects

Percent of Owning Ranking subjects

100 National Taiwan University China-TW 15 68.2 3 20.0

123 University of Hong Kong China-HK 18 81.8 2 11.1

155 Peking University China 12 54.5 1 8.3

156 Zhejiang University China 11 50.0 2 18.2

165 Tsinghua University China 8 36.4 4 50.0

196 Chinese University of Hong Kong China-HK 14 63.6 0 0.0

261Hong Kong University of Science

And TechnologyChina-HK 12 54.5 1 8.3

263 National Cheng Kung University China-TW 10 45.5 1 10.0

266 Nanjing University China 7 31.8 1 14.3

267 Shanghai Jiao Tong University China 5 22.7 2 40.0

268University of Science and

Technology of ChinaChina 5 22.7 2 40.0

282 Fudan University China 8 36.4 1 12.5

297 City University of Hong Kong China-HK 10 45.5 1 10.0

313 Hong Kong Polytechnic University China-HK 10 45.5 1 10.0

379 Tsinghua University, Taiwan China-TW 5 22.7 0 0.0

405 Jiao Tong University, Taiwan China-TW 6 27.3 1 16.7

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Rank NameCountry/Region

Number of the subjects

Indexed by ESI

Percent of Owning 22

subjects

Number of the Top 10

subjects

Percent of Owning Ranking subjects

408 Shandong University China 5 22.7 0 0.0

418 Jilin University China 4 18.2 0 0.0

422 Sichuan University China 5 22.7 0 0.0

426 Nankai University China 4 18.2 1 25.0

439 Wuhan University China 6 27.3 0 0.0

447 Sun Yat-sen University China 4 18.2 0 0.0

461Huazhong University of Science and Technology

China 5 22.7 0 0.0

463Taiwan Sun Yat-sen

UniversityChina-TW 6 27.3 0 0.0

483Harbin Institute of

TechnologyChina 3 13.6 1 33.3

508National Central University ,

TaiwanChina-TW 5 22.7 0 0.0

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Rank NameCountry/Region

Number of the subjects

Indexed by ESI

Percent of Owning 22

subjects

Number of the Top 10

subjects

Percent of Owning Ranking subjects

517Dalian University of

TechnologyChina 4 18.2 0 0.0

518 Lanzhou University China 5 22.7 0 0.0

538National Yang-Ming University, Taiwan

China-TW 4 18.2 0 0.0

545National Chung Hsing

University, TaiwanChina-TW 6 27.3 0 0.0

550 Xi’an Jiaotong University China 3 13.6 0 0.0

562 Tianjin University China 3 13.6 0 0.0

564Baptist University, Hong

KongChina-HK 6 27.3 0 0.0

575 Beijing Normal University China 4 18.2 0 0.0

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5.Problem & Solution

Quality

Efficiency

Internationalization

Main problems Main problems of Chinese of Chinese universitiesuniversities

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Solution Solution

Cultivation of teaching

staff

Construction of World-class

subjects

International high-level

achievements

Raising output / input

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