parkiteer - secure bicycle access at public transport nodes
DESCRIPTION
An evaluation of the Parkiteer secure bicycle parking project as deployed on Melbourne's rail network and the knowledge gained from the first 18 months of Parkiteer operations.TRANSCRIPT
Parkiteer –secure bike parking at PT nodesScott Martin – Department of Transport
Train patronage at historic highs
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0
50
100
150
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250
1900s 1910s 1920s 1930s 1940s 1950s 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s 2000s
Boa
rdin
gs (m
illio
ns)
Neutral Events
Events likely to have a positive effect on patronage
Events likely to have a negative effect on patronage
Estimated Metropolitan Train Patronage
2008-09 revised forecast 220.1 million boardings
Prior to 1982-83 patronage was enumerated as journeys derived from ticket sales. Figures prior to this date have been factored up by 5% to allow for journeys involving more than one train boarding.
Note:
Access to railway stations
Source: Metlink OD Survey (2006)
Access mode Number %
Bicycle 5,266 1.6%
Bus 32,558 10%
Car (driver) 54,966 16.9%
Car (passenger) 39,084 12.0%
Train 14,631 4.5%
Tram 9,717 3.0%
Walked 169,435 52.0%
TOTAL 325,658 100.0%
Market segmentationThere are three distinct cycling markets that
combine bike riding with public transport:1. ‘Bike and Ride’ – cycle from home to entry
station 2. ‘Bike and Ride and Bike’ – cycle to entry
station, take bike on train, cycle from exit station
3. ‘Ride and Bike’ – cycle from exit station to destination
Is promoting ‘bike and ride’ commuting good for rail users?
• Riding to the station reduces time-based ‘interchange penalties’ from:
Walking to the station or feeder mode (bus/tram) stopJourney times on feeder modes
• Door-to-door journey times for riding on short (2-3 km) trips are comparable with car travel on local roads
• Wider health benefits from active transport use
Case Study: Bike journey times comparable to car
Door-to-door travel times for sample 2.8km journey to Werribee station:
Bus – 20 minutes (includes walking & waiting time)
Bike – 13 minutes (includes Parkiteer lock-up time & walk to station entrance)
Car – 11 minutes (includes search for parking & walk to station entrance)
Why is promoting ‘bike and ride’ commuting good public transport policy?For rail operators ‘bike and ride’ can:• Increase train capacity by removing
bikes from peak period trains• Intensify land use around stations• Reduce pressure on station car parking
Case Study: Intensifying land use at stationsHow much is parking 26 vehicles really costing us?
Gross Area
Gross Area per vehicle Total Cost Cost per
vehicle
26 Car Spaces 365m2 14.04m2 $390,000 $15,000
26 Bike Lockers 138m2 5.3m2 $65,000 $2,500
Parkiteer Cage (26 bikes) 35m2 1.35m2 $90,000 $3,462
Parkiteer lands 26 bikes in 1/10th
the area of 26 car spaces and 1/4 the area of 26 bike lockers
Why Parkiteer?Existing ‘formal’ bike parking at stations include:• Rails• Racks • Other ‘furniture’
Why Parkiteer?Poor siting and perceived insecurity of formal parking leads to ‘informal’ parking at stations. This creates potential pedestrian and DDA access issues.
Why Parkiteer? Lockers – many drawbacks including:• Low patronage and perceptions of insecurity• Low utilisation (2008 audit showed 19% utilisation)• Space hungry and difficult to effectively manage
What is Parkiteer?Parkiteer is a ‘machine ensemble’ made up of:• Structural elements (the cage)• Bike parking systems (rails and racks)• Power supply (solar or shore power) • Access controls (electronic door lock/
swipe card access)• Control systems (back to base monitoring)
Structures, parking and power supply systems
Access system
Control system
• Back to base monitoring• Remote control access control • 24 hour user support
Parkiteer rolls outThere are 43 Parkiteer cages currently in use.There have been two main waves of Parkiteer
cages:• Late 2008 – 20 cages (16 metro/4 regional)• Mid 2009 – 15 cages (11 metro/4 regional)
Eight additional cages have rolled out as part of station upgrades or new stations.
Marketing ParkiteerParkiteer has been marketed to users through:• Bike locker waiting lists at stations with Parkiteer• Bicycle Victoria’s members and ‘friends’ database• VTP-themed signage on cages with website links• Signage referring to SMS callback service
Evaluating ParkiteerEvaluation is still in progress, however
useful performance measures include:• Some reduction of bikes on trains,
especially in peak periods • High Parkiteer utilisation levels • Conversion of car drivers and car
passengers to cyclists through Parkiteer (average 40%)
Additionally, useful data has been gained on who uses cages.
Bikes on trains are steady or decreasing, especially at peak times
Bikes on metro trains trends: Bikes observed at cordon stations - May 2007 to October 2009
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May-07 Oct-07 May-08 Oct-08 May-09 Oct-09Linear (Inter Peak (2 pm to 4pm) from City)Linear (Inter Peak (9am to 12pm) to City)Linear (AM Peak (7am to 9am) to City)Linear (Pre AM Peak (6am to 7am) to City)Linear (PM Peak (4pm - 7pm) from City)Linear (Post PM Peak (7pm-10pm) from City)
Utilisation levels remain high
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02/03 /2009 - 06/03 /2009
16/03 /2009 - 20/03 /2009
30/03 /2009 - 03/04 /2009
13/04 /2009 - 17/04 /2009
27/05 /2009 - 01/05 /2009
11/05 /2009 - 15/05 /2009
25/05 /2009 - 29/05 /2009
08/06 /2009 - 12/06 /2009
22/06 /2009 - 26/06 /2009
06/07 /2009 - 10/07 /2009
20/07 /2009 - 24/07 /2009
03/08 /2009 - 07/08 /2009
17/08 /2009 - 21/08 /2009
31/08 /2009 - 04/09 /2009
14/09 /2009 - 18/09 /2009
28/09 /2009 - 02/10 /2009
12/10 /2009 - 16/10 /2009
26/10 /2009 - 30/10 /2009
09/11 /2009 - 13/11 /2009
23/11 /2009 - 27/11 /2009
07/12 /2009 - 11/12 /2009
21/12 /2009 - 25/12 /2009
04/01 /2010 - 08/01 /2010
18/01 /2010 - 22/01 /2010
01/02 /2010 - 05/02 /2010
15/02 /2010 - 19/02 /2010
01/03 /2010 - 05/03 /2010
15/03 /2010 - 19/03 /2010
29/03 /2010 - 02/04 /2010
12/04 /2010 - 16/04 /2010
26/04 /2010 - 30/04 /2010
0
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45
Cage Users No of Cages
Easter School holidaysQueens b'daySchool holidays
Incentive schemeSchool holidaysMelb Cup
Christmas/New Year
Aust Day Week
Labor Day Week
Easter School Holidays
Parkiteer average weekly usage: March 2009 – April 2010
Parkiteer – converting motorists into cyclists?• 40% of cage users previously travelled by car (as driver or passenger)• 32% of cage users already rode to the station• On an average weekday, 100 car spaces a day across the rail network are freed up by motorists cycling to the station
Car (as Driver)29%
Car (as Passenger)12%
Bus5%
Bike32%
Walk14%
Other8%
N= 1263 Source: Bicycle Victoria (2010)
Who’s using Parkiteer?
71.5%
28.5%
Male Female
N= 1263. Source: Bicycle Victoria (2010)
Who’s using Parkiteer?Parkiteer cage users - Age profile
0.2%
4.8%
21.0%
30.7%
32.2%
9.3%
1.5%
0.2%
0.2%
0.0% 5.0% 10.0% 15.0% 20.0% 25.0% 30.0% 35.0%
5 to 11
12 to 17
18 to 24
25 to 34
35 to 49
50 to 59
60 to 69
70 to 79
80 or overOver 80% of cage users are aged 18-49
N= 1263. Source: Bicycle Victoria (2010)
ConclusionQuestions?