13

Produced by Donald R. Privett, Ph.D.- P.G.

Environmental and Engineering Geologist

Lower Catawba River Valley of Southern Chester and Lancaster Counties,

S.C. - Geology - Archeology and History

Part 3.

7/26/05 DRP ver. 77/26/05 DRP ver. 7

23

Rock Jointing

33Vertical north - south jointing.Vertical north - south jointing.

43

Jointing Sloping

45 About Degrees

.South

53

Unusual jointing.

63

Vertical exposure showing

exfoliation.Horizontal jointing.

73

Other interesting features.

83

cavernous weathering

93

103

Large thin exfoliation granite slab moved by flood waters.

Same SlabLaterBroken by an Ignorant.Person

123

Archeology

North Americans - projectile points and pottery.

133

.Native AmericanArtifacts

Points picked up at the surface.

143

More Points.

153

Pottery Pieces

163

?Petroglyph

173

.More RecentHistory

Arsenal and armory

Canal

Dams

183

1825 mapshowing

Catawba River natural

flownear Great.Falls

193

Duke Power drawing for area circa Duke Power drawing for area circa 1912.1912.

203

A tradition grew up around Rocky Mount that Dearborn Island had once been considered as site for establishment of a national military academy, perhaps even the military academy, tradition has become slightly exaggerated, but it is by no means groundless.

213

7/20/2005 633

President Madison's annual message toCongress in December 1815 speciallyrecommended an enlargement of the

existing Military Academy at West Point and"the establishment of others in other

sections of the country. Richardson (comp.), Messages and Papers

of the Presidents, 1, 566. Wade, p.332

223

1816 ABillWas Debated January

forthe ProposedLocation at

MountDearborn a Bill inDifficulties Fromthe Start

233

1/6/2005 643

sentiment grew to limit the addition to one

academy, a vote passed with 91 votes. The House had 182 members, giving rise tothe legend that Mount Dearborn waseliminated by one vote, but in fact only 126members were voting. from Wade. p. 332

243

The House Settled on a Location at or Near Knoxville, Tennessee,

January 1816 Was the Last Time That Mount Dearborn

Was Considered As the Site for an Additional Military Academy.

253

9 /28 /20 0 46 53

none can deny the factua l basis for the

tradition that the establishment on the

Catawba almost became the site of

a "West Point of the South.”

paraphrased from Wade. p. 332

263

273

The Great The Great FallsFallsDetailsDetails

283

Arsenal at Fort Dearborn

293

303

Canal ruins onDearborn Island

3137/25/2 005 783

Canal wall Canal wall

323

8/11/2003 793Canal wall remnants.Canal wall remnants.

333

.Canal Ruins on South End ofDearborn Island

343

Keystone for canal keepers house

353

.LockKeeperHouse

363

House moved to and reconstructed at

Landsford Canal State Park.

383

Nitrolee - an unfinished

fertilizer plant.

393

8/11/2003 813

Topographic map of areaarea. Nitrolee unfinis hed fertilizer plant

xx

403

413

Nitrolee

Main arc, building

transformers .in roof

423

8/6/2003843

433

What happened?here

443

Dams

1900’ In the early s duke power ( ) company then southern power built

three dams and five powerplants along , this area of the river they left

- construction artifacts fill orborrow, pits quarry and reservoirexcavations .and alterations

453

Dam Construction

. Relict Crane.?Support

463

9/2/2005 873

The Great Falls Reservoir isa Duke made lake formed bydiversion of the riverinto an excavated streambed and coveringmost remains of a 1800’scanal.

473

8/6/2003883

CreekCreekbed thatbed thatwill bewill be

the Greatthe GreatFallsFalls

ReservoirReservoir

483

Construction Construction artifact. artifact.

CableCablegrooving of grooving of

granite.granite.

493

1/15/2004 923

SkipSkippan?pan?

503

Overgrown quarry. Stone excavated for

dam along old railroad grade.?

513

Flood

523

12/7/2003 963

The Flood of 1916 BroughtThe Flood of 1916 BroughtEntire Pieces of Rail andEntire Pieces of Rail and

Deposited Them on the RocksDeposited Them on the Rocks

533

.Afterheavy rain the spillway floods

543

Apopulation ofCatawba lilies were present in riverbed of

.Nitrolee diversion

553

Hiking TrailsHiking Trails

563

ProposedProposedtrail along trail along old railroad old railroad grade grade (black line).(black line).

573

Large tors Large tors along the along the trail are trail are nice for nice for quite quite

contemplaticontemplationon

or a picnic.or a picnic.

583

The area in and around The area in and around Great Falls is Great Falls is

economically depressed. economically depressed. Closing of three textile Closing of three textile mills in the 1970’s was mills in the 1970’s was

an economic death an economic death warrant. warrant.

Population continues to Population continues to decline and poverty is decline and poverty is

wide spread. wide spread.

593

A recreation based A recreation based economy is hampered by economy is hampered by the presence of real and the presence of real and perceived environmental perceived environmental

contamination. Clean up is contamination. Clean up is slow to come but it must slow to come but it must

be done if Dearborn Island be done if Dearborn Island is to be considered as a is to be considered as a possible State park. possible State park.

603

. .2.Brownfields Will Be Eradicated BackNo

613

Number 2 BrownfieldNumber 2 Brownfield

623

7/25/2005 1063

, .2, Spill of dies e l o il at No , .2, Spill of dies e l o il at No environmental environmental

management by county management by county s hould have dis covered s hould have dis covered . problem before acc ident . problem before acc ident

633

643

The beginning -- a The beginning -- a rebirth of downtown.rebirth of downtown.

653 DowntownGreat Falls

663

7/23/2005 1083

News treets

.cape

673

Appendices

1. Geologic Time Scale

2. .Geologic map of area

683

693

7/25/2005 133

Generalized geologic map of the Great Falls metagraniteand surrounding rocks. Explanation: MGR- Great Falls

metagranite, GN -gneiss complex, GB -gabbro, -sheared rocks, dd - diabase dikes, M - mafic dikeconcentration, z - zeolite mineralization, s - skarn.

Privett, 1984

Geologic Map

MGMGRR

7037/26/2005 1113

Acknowledgements Acknowledgements

Duke Enegry map from online site.Chris Ey, DTA, a consultant to Duke Power, provided the profile graphic and aerial photographs.

ReferencesLinton, D. L., 1955, The problem of tors. Geograph. Jour., v. 121, 470.Lossing, B., 1850, Pictoral Field Book of the Revolution V.2. Privett, D. R., 2005, Geomorphic Features in the Catawba River, Great Falls, Southeastern Chester and Southwestern Lancaster Counties, South Carolina:, in press, South Carolina Geology, v. 48 , p. Privett, D. R.,1997, Catawba River Bed Geology, Near Great Falls Southeastern Chester and Lancaster Counties, South Carolina: Abstracts with program; Southeast G.S.A. v. 29, no.3, p.63-64.Privett, D. R., 1998, Tor Fields in the Great Falls Metagranite And their Influence On The Catawba River Sub-Grade, Chester County, South Carolina: Abstracts with program; Southeast G.S.A .v. 30, no.4, p.55.Privett,D.R., 1985, The Great Falls metagranite, north central S.C.: South Carolina Geology, v. 28, p. 1 -5.Thomas, M. F., 1965, Some aspects of the geomorphology of domes and tors in Nigeria: Zeit. Geomorph., NF 9, 63-81.Wade, A.P., 1977, Mount Dearborn: The National Armory at Rocky Mount, SC, 1802 - 1829, Wade, A.P., 1977, Mount Dearborn: The National Armory at Rocky Mount, SC, 1802 - 1829, South Carolina Historical Magazine v.78 , p. 207 - 225 and 316 -341.South Carolina Historical Magazine v.78 , p. 207 - 225 and 316 -341.