part vi adolescence chapter 11 physical and cognitive development in adolescence
TRANSCRIPT
Part VIAdolescence
Chapter 11
Physical and Cognitive Development in
Adolescence
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How Should We Define Adolescence?
When Does Adolescence Start? Biological Puberty—hormonal changes,
physical changes Social Changes—interest in dating,
cliques, rites, i.e. Bar Mitzvah, Confirmation, etc.
Chronological Changes—girl becomes 11; boy becomes 12 yrs. old.
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How Should We Define Adolescence?
Theories of Adolescence Anna Freud’s Psychological Theory
Restoration of balance between ego and id
Renewed Oedipal or Electra ComplexEmphasized the psychological aspect of
the biopsychological model
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How Should We Define Adolescence?
Erik Erikson’s Psychological TheoryMain task of adolescence is to establish
an identity If identity not established, one is in
identity confusion John Hill’s Biopsychosocial Theory
Three factors interrelate:–Biological, Psychological, and Social
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Physical Development
Your Reproductive System When Does Puberty Start?
No single event, but a set of events marks the onset of puberty
The Effects of Timing on Puberty The Secular Trend=Decreasing age of
onset of puberty
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Physical Development
Body Image and Eating Disorders As body shape changes, can
dissatisfaction with change, which can eating disorders: anorexia and/or bulimia
The Role of Stress: Adolescents are often overwhelmed by all they have to do. Jobs, school activities, homework, etc.
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Cognitive Development
Variables in Cognitive Development: Piaget Concrete Operations with literal thinking
Formal Operations with abstract thinking Adolescent Egocentrism=exaggeration of
importance, uniqueness, and severity of their own experiences (Elkind) Imaginary Audience—always on stagePersonal Fable—adolescent is invincible
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Cognitive Development
Critical Thinking Convergent thinking=get one answer
Creative Thinking Divergent thinking=creative generation of
more than one answer Fluency, flexibility, originality, remote
associations
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Cognitive Development
Mental Health Issues Adolescent turmoil, abnormal in childhood
or adulthood, may be a normal part of adolescence
Suicide rate has tripled in adolescents since 1950’s
Homicide is 3rd leading cause of death Major Depression is increasing