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2. Parts of Speech [ p(r)ts v spit ] www.larisaschooloflanguage.net 3. 1.1. Nouns Definition [defnn ] The noun is a part of speech used to refer to people, animals, objects, substances, states, events and feelings. - , , , , , , . Nouns can be a subject or an object of a verb. () ().www.larisaschooloflanguage.net 4. Examples [zmplz/ zmplz] an interesting book, a green apple, a wooden table. , , .big bigger the biggest; ;interesting more interesting the most interesting; - ;www.larisaschooloflanguage.net 5. 1.2. Nouns Nouns may be divided into two basic groups: 2 :Countable Nouns have plural formsUncountable Nouns do not have plural forms- ( )- ( )www.larisaschooloflanguage.net 6. Countable Nouns: an apple, a doll, a boy, a city Uncountable Nouns: furniture (a collective noun), some milk, some gold, some water : , , , : ( ), , , www.larisaschooloflanguage.net 7. Adjectives Definition The adjective is a part of speech that modifies a noun or a pronoun. In addition to their basic forms, most descriptive adjectives have two other forms: comparative and superlative. , . , ( ) : - ; - .www.larisaschooloflanguage.net 8. Examples [zmplz/ zmplz] an interesting book, a green apple, a wooden table. , , .big bigger the biggest; ;interesting more interesting the most interesting; - ;www.larisaschooloflanguage.net 9. The Article DefinitionThe article is a structural part of speech used with nouns. There are two articles in Modern English: the indefinite article (a/an) and the definite article (the). The indefinite article has the forms a and an. The form a is used before words beginning with a consonant sound (a book, a pen, a student). The form an is used before words beginning with a vowel sound (an opera, an apple, an hour). - , . : - (a/an); - (the). : a an. a , . an , .www.larisaschooloflanguage.net 10. The Article 2 DefinitionThe use of the indefinite article implies that the object is presented as belonging to a class. The use of the definite article shows that a particular object is meant. , , , , . , .www.larisaschooloflanguage.net 11. Numerals DefinitionThe numeral is a part of speech which indicates number of the order of persons and things in a series. Accordingly numerals are divided into cardinals (cardinal numerals) and ordinals (ordinal numerals). Cardinal numerals indicate exact number, they are used in counting. Ordinal numerals show the order of persons and things in a series. , . (cardinal numbers) (ordinal numbers). , .www.larisaschooloflanguage.net 12. Examples [zmplz/ zmplz] Cardinal numerals: one, six, twenty, fifty, seventy. : , , , , Ordinal numerals: the first, the sixth, the twentieth, the fiftieth, the seventieth : , , , , www.larisaschooloflanguage.net 13. Pronouns DefinitionThe pronoun is a part of speech that points out objects and their qualities without naming them. , , .Verbs DefinitionThe verb is a part of speech that describes an action. , .www.larisaschooloflanguage.net 14. Examples [zmplz/ zmplz] Pronouns I, she, his, him; this, these; what; some, , , ; //, ; ; Verbs to read, to write, to see, to understand, , , www.larisaschooloflanguage.net 15. Modal Verbs. . DefinitionThe modal verbs express the attitude of the speaker to the reality, possibility of the action he speaks about. , , .Adverbs. . DefinitionThe adverb is a part of speech that express some circumstances that attend an action or state, or points out some characteristic features of action or a quality. The adverb tells "how," "when," "where". , ? ? ? ?www.larisaschooloflanguage.net 16. State Verbs and Action Verbs DefinitionThe words of the category of state denote the temporary state or conditions of persons or things. , , .www.larisaschooloflanguage.net 17. Examples [zmplz/ zmplz] afraid, asleep, awake, , .It is getting dark..www.larisaschooloflanguage.net 18. The Interjection DefinitionThe interjection is a part of speech which expresses various emotions without naming them. In writing, an interjection is often followed by an exclamation point. , , . .www.larisaschooloflanguage.net 19. Examples [zmplz/ zmplz] Hurrah!!Oh!!www.larisaschooloflanguage.net 20. Prepositions. DefinitionThe preposition is a part of speech , that shows the relationship between a noun or a pronoun and other words in a sentence. .The Particle. DefinitionThe particle is a part of speech giving modal or emotional , emphasis to other words or groups of words or clauses. A particle . may join one part of the sentence to another. Particles have no independent function in the sentence.www.larisaschooloflanguage.net 21. Examples [zmplz/ zmplz] Prepositions in, on, under, between, , , The Particle just, yet, even , /, www.larisaschooloflanguage.net 22. Conjunctions [kndknz] Definition [defnn] The conjunction is a part of speech that serves to connect words, phrases, clauses, or sentences. , , .www.larisaschooloflanguage.net 23. Examples [zmplz/ zmplz] andbutsohoweverneither... nor... www.larisaschooloflanguage.net 24. www.larisaschooloflanguage.net