partsof speech
TRANSCRIPT
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Parts of Speech
By
Piret Lehiste
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Parts of Speech
Morphology is a field of linguistics focused on the study of the forms and formation of words in a language.
In Greek: ‘morph’ (shape, form) + ‘logos’ (study)
Morphology deals with the internal structure of words.
A part of speech is a linguistic category of words sharing syntactic or morphological behaviour and semantic properties (such as a noun or a verb).
Parts of speech describe the job a word does in a sentence.
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Nouns A noun is a word that names a person, place, a thing, or an idea.
Examples: Person: uncle, baby, John
Thing: car, door, book
Idea: truth, beauty
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Verbs A verb is a word that expresses action or a state of being.
Examples: The students did their homework.
Studying grammar rocks :) I live in Tallinn.
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Adjectives
An adjective is a word that modifies a noun by limiting its meaning.
Examples: romantic story
many ideas
Scottish wool
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Adverbs
An adverb is a word that modifies a verb, an adjective, or another adverb by making its meaning more specific. Adverbs modify by answering the questions “when”, “where”, “how”.
Examples: She often drinks tea with milk.
Jack carefully polished his car.
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Pronouns
A pronoun is a word that can take the place of a noun.
Examples: I, me, their, myself,
these, each other
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Prepositions
A preposition is a word that shows the relationship of a noun or pronoun to some other word in a sentence.
Examples: above, behind, during, from, since, through, without
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Conjunctions
A conjunction is a word that joins single words or groups of words.
Examples:
or, but, because, while, although
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Interjections
An interjection is a word or phrase that expresses emotion or exclamation.
Examples:
wow, ouch, hey, hello, oops
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Articles
Articles are used to indicate nouns and to specify their application.
Examples:
a / an – indefinite article
the – definite article
I bought myself a guitar.
He can play the guitar very well.
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Numerals
A numeral is a word that represents a number or shows the order of objects through counting.
Examples: three, one hundred, fifth
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A POEM
Every name is called a noun, As field and fountain, street and town; In place of noun the pronoun stands As he and she can clap their hands;
The adjective describes a thing, As magic wand and bridal ring;
The verb means action, something done - To read, to write, to jump, to run;
How things are done, the adverbs tell, As quickly, slowly, badly, well;
The preposition shows relation, As in the street, or at the station; Conjunctions join, in many ways,
Sentences, words, or phrase and phrase; The interjection cries out, ‘Hark!
I need an exclamation mark!‘
Through poetry, we learn how each
Of these make up the parts of speech
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Parts of Speech
Identify all the parts of speech in the following sentence:
Yesterday we went to the cinema because John had luckily received two free tickets.
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Match the parts of speech with their examples in the word cloud.
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Key 1 yesterday - adverb
we - pronoun
went - verb
to - preposition
the - article
cinema - noun
because - conjunction
John - noun
had - verb
luckily - adverb
received - verb
two - numeral
free - adjective
tickets - noun
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Key 2
Noun: cloud, interest
Verb: irritate, organise
Adjective: strong, funny
Adverb: seriously, angrily
Preposition: under, during
Conjunction: although, if
Interjection: wow, hello
Numeral: thirty, fourth
Pronoun: herself
Article: the