passive house for armenia: retrofitting solutions for ... · passive house principles the passive...

15 March 2019 Management, maintenance and energy efficient retrofits of multi-apartment buildings: trends in technologies, practices and legislation Giorgia Tzar

Passive House for Armenia:

Retrofitting solutions for multistorey

residential and public buildingsGiorgia Tzar

Passive House Institute

Rheinstraße 44 | 46

64283 Darmstadt, Germany

[email protected]

+49(0)6151 826 99 55


The Passive House Standard is a performance-based standard for highly energy efficient buildings.

A Passive House is a building, which on account of its excellent thermal insulation, uses up to

90% less heating energy and up to 80% less cooling energy than an existing building.

Passive House buildings make use of passive heating and cooling sources, such as solar radiation

(heating) or night ventilation and shading (cooling).

Comfort

Fuel Costs Energy

„Bahnstadt“ quarter, Heidelberg, Germany

© City of Heidelberg, photo: Kay Sommer

Air Quality

Passive House Standard


Passive House Principles

The Passive House standard is

defined by 5 key concepts:

Thermal Insulation

Thermal bridge elimination

High performance windows

Airtight envelope

Adequate ventilation (Mechanical

Ventilation System with heat

recovery)

A well designed Passive House

building will have a heating or cooling

demand of or less than 15 kWh / m2


Armenian Conditions

The Passive House Standard can be

applied to any building in any climate

zone.

Passive House for Armenia will have

to take into account the unique

geography and climate of Armenia

High Altitude

Continental Climate

Large temperature fluctuations

Due to Armenia‘s height above sea

level, the majority of the country is in

the cool-temperate climate zone, but

other local zones will exist

(mountainous regions may fall within

the cold zone).


Passive House buildings for Armenia

will have many similarities to those

found in Central Europe, such as

Germany, Austria and Hungary.

Common features will include:

Thick, well insulated walls

Triple glazed windows

High efficiency mechanical heat

recovery ventilation

Arctic ColdCool-

temperate

Warm-

temperateWarm Hot Very hot

Walls (opaque) 0.09 0.12 0.15 0.3 0.5 0.5 0.3

Glazing type

recommended

Vacuum / 4-glazed

low-e

3- or 4-glazed

low-e

3-glazed

low-e

3-glazed

low-e

2-glazed low-

e

2-glazed

anti-sun

3-glazed

anti-sun

Uw, installed

MAX (vertical)0.45 0.65 0.85 1.05 1.25 1.25 1.05

Passive House for Armenia


The EnerPHit Passive House

standard has been developed for the

renovation of existing buildings.

EnerPHit allows renovations to be

completed in either a single stage or

across multiple stages for cost and

life cycle effectiveness.

The EnerPHit standard allows for a

higher heating energy demand (25

kWh/m2) as existing buildings can

present more challenges than new

builds (e.g. building direction, thermal

bridges)

Passive House retrofit – EnerPHit


Many multistory residential panel

buildings, often built to the same

design plans.

This means a standardised

renovation approach can be

developed and scaled to many

buildings such as the Solanova

project in Hungary.

This approach can result in lower

overall cost of the retrofit program by

the standardisation of work and

materials and capacity building

181170

150

72 72

181

146

117

25 25

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

180

200

until 2016 -Existing Building

2016 -Windows +ventilation

2028 -Basement ceiling +

roof + PV

2040 -External walls +Entrance door

next 50-100 years -replacements ofheating system

Sp

ecific

He

atin

g d

em

an

d [kW

h/m

²a]

SHALLOW RETROFITS DEEP RETROFITS

Do it right NOW…

…to achieve high efficiency in 2050

Locked in

Future proof

EnerPHit for Armenia


This Soviet era school in Latvia was

retrofit to the EnerPHit standard in

2014.

The building was constructed from

concrete and the walls, roof and floor

were insulated. A Passive House

certified ventilation system with heat

recovery was installed and the

building was made airtight to the

Passive House standard.

Additional heating to the building was

provided by a ground source heat

pump.

EnerPHit – Latvian School


The results of the EnerPHit retrofit

saw a significant reduction in heating

demand for the building.

Pre Retrofit: 278 kWh/(m2a)

Post Retrofit: 25 kWh/(m2a)

This results in an overall reduction in

heating for the building of 524,722

kWh per year.

This results in an annual reduction of

72.5 tonnes of CO2 from the

atmosphere

EnerPHit – Latvian School


This apartment block in the German

city of Frankfurt, originally built in the

1950s. 54 apartments were

renovated in 2005.

The building is typical of post-war era

German construction.

The facade of the building was

insulated.

A Passive House certified ventilation

system with heat recovery was

installed and the building was made

airtight to the Passive House

standard.

Before

EnerPHit – Frankfurt Apartments


EnerPHit – Frankfurt Apartments

As a result of the retrofit the heating

energy demand was reduced by

90%.

Pre Retrofit: 172 kWh/(m2a)

Post Retrofit: 17 kWh/(m2a)

This results in an overall reduction in

heating for the building of 596,750

kWh per year.

This results in an annual reduction of

122.1 tonnes of CO2 from the

atmosphere

After


New Build – Moldovan Kindergarten

This Kindergarten, in Calarasi

Moldova, was the first certified

Passive House building in Moldova

and was completed in 2017.

It is a pioneer project for the region

and was opened by the Moldovan

Prime Minister in June 2017.

It was constructed using high

performance Passive House certified

components and building materials.

Approximately 40cm insulation

thicknesses are similar to those seen

in Central Europe and what could be

expected in Armenia.


New Build – Moldovan Kindergarten

The final building was certified to 15

kWh/(m2a), which will result in an

annual heating demand of 12,255

kWh.

The heating is provided by a subsoil

brine heat exchanger and hydronic

sub floor heating. This results in a

warm floor, which increases the

comfort for the children and carers.

Hot water to the building is provided

by a combination of a solar thermal

system and wood pellet burner.


District Planning: Tools and

research available such as

districtPH, EnerPHit Step-by-step

plans.

districtPH is an Excel tool for the

optimisation of city districts in terms

of energy efficiency. It enables the

user to investigate the long-term

consequences of planning decisions

and refurbishment strategies, with

reference to various performance

indicators.

Capacity building is a major factor

in the cost and success of a project.

EU‘S Train-to-nZEB project resulted

in ‘Building Knowledge Hubs’ where

practical training (for

tradespeople), demonstrations

and comprehensive consulting

services for the design and

construction of highly energy efficient

buildings is offered.

Capacity Building and Planning


The public is more often interested in

the emotional and/or soft benefits of

energy efficiency including:

1. High levels of comfort

2. Consistent fresh air throughout

the building

3. Structural longevity: mould-free

buildings with a highly reduced

risk of moisture related damage

4. Extremely low heating/cooling

costs; despite rising energy costs

5. Passive House buildings benefit

regional manufacturers

Public Awareness of the benefits


ComponentsTransparent

Opaque

Services

PeopleCertifiers

Designers/Consultants

Tradespersons

Design ToolsPHPP

designPH

DistrictPH

BuildingsPassive House

EnerPHit

PHI Low Energy Buildings

+ + =

1. Capacity building and consultancy

2. Certified, quality assured components

3. Reliable calculations using an energy balance

tool

4. Certified, quality assured new builds and

retrofits

5. Research

Passive House Institute‘s Contribution


Giorgia Tzar

Passive House Institute

Rheinstraße 44 | 46

64283 Darmstadt, Germany

[email protected]

+49(0)6151 826 99 55

https://www.passivehouse-international.org/

Thank you for your attention


The Passive House district "Bahnstadt" in Heidelberg was the model for the Bahn-

stadt district currently under construction in Gaobeidian, China. Gaobeidian is also

the venue of the upcoming 23rd International Passive House Conference in China

from September 21-22m 2019.

To build a bridge between these two Passive House districts, a Passive House

Conference will also take place in Heidelberg from May 3-4, 2019.

PH Conference in

Heidelberg

www.passivehouseconference.org

3rd & 4th

May 2019

International Passive House Conference


8 -10 November

2019

International Passive House Days


Copyright: The contents are the intellectual property

of the Passive House Institute. Further use of individual

contents is not permitted without the express permission

of the Passive House Institute.

© Passivhaus Institut Dr. Wolfgang Feist

www.passivehouse.com

passive house for armenia: retrofitting solutions for ... · passive house principles the passive...

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