Wheat ( T.aestivum)

• Domesticated 10000 years ago

• 2nd Highest yielding cereal crop in the world

• 1st most grown crop in world

• 1st largest grown cereal crop in Pakistan

• Rich source of vitamins, proteins and minerals

• Supplies 72% calories in natural diet.

History

Varieties growing in Pakistan

MEERAJ-2008 NARC-2009 MILLAT-11

AARI-2011 PUNJAB-2011 GALAXY-2013

PAKISTAN-2013 NIA SARANG-2013 BENAZIR-2013

T. asestivum

Production

World production:716.82 MMT

World area:56.2 million acres

Pakistan production: 25.28 MMTPakistan area:

2.2 million acre1. Punjab 77%2. Sindh 14%3. KPK 5%4. Balochistan 4%

DiseasesFungal disease• Stem Rust of wheat

(Puccinia graminis tritici)• Loose smut of wheat

(Ustilago nuda)

Bacterial diseases• Bacterial leaf blight (P.

syringae pv. syringae)• Bacterial leaf streak

(X. translucens pv. undulosa)

Viral diseases• Wheat yellow mosaic virus• Barley yellow dwarf virus

Nematode disease• Ear cockle (Anguinia tritici)

Maize ( Zea mays)

• Domesticated 8000 years ago

• Highest yielding cereal crop in the world

• 3rd most grown crop in world

• 3rd largest grown cereal crop in Pakistan

• 4th largest crop grown crop in Pakistan

• Rich source of starch, vitamins, proteins and minerals

History

Varieties growing in Pakistan

YH-1898 FH-810 Yousaf wala hybrid

P3025 white DK-919 Pearl-2011

MMRI-2011 X-2276 Monsento-6525

ProductionWorld production:

988 million metric tonsWorld area:

109.9 million acres Pakistan production: 4.5 million metric tonsPakistan area:

0.2 million acre1. Punjab 39%2. KPK 56%3. Sindh 5%4. Balochistan 3%

DiseasesFungal disease• Charcoal Stalk Rot

(Macrophomina Phaseolina)

• Common smut of maize (Ustilago maydis)

Bacterial diseases• Bacterial Stalk Rot (Ervinia

chrysanthemi pv. Zeae)• Stewart’s Wilt

(Erwinia stewartii)• Bacterial leaf Stripe

(Pseudomonas rubrilineans)

Viral diseases• Maize Stripe Virus• Sugarcane Mosaic Virus

Varieties growing in Pakistan

• Domesticated 10000 years ago

• 2nd most grown crop in world

• GDP contribution 0.7%• 2nd largest grown cereal

crop in Pakistan • Rich source of vitamins,

carbohydrate and minerals

• Supplies 45-65% calories in natural diet.

Rice ( Oryza Sativa)

NIAB-9 SHAHINSHAH-2 AARI-6

History

KSK-133 PH-386 SUPER BASMATI

PRIDE-1 Y-26 NIAB-2013

Production

World production:476.88 MMT

World area:2.49 million acres

Pakistan production: 6.97 MMTPakistan area:

0.6 million acre1. Punjab 52%2. Sindh 36%3. KPK 1%4. Balochistan 11%

DiseasesFungal disease• Paddy Blast

(Pyricularia oryzae)• Bakainae disease of rice

(Fusarium moniliforme)

Bacterial diseases• Bacterial leaf blight

(X.oryzae pv. oryzae)• Bacterial leaf streak

(X. oryzae pv. oryzicola)

Viral diseases• Rice black streak dwarf

virus• Rice tungro disease

Nematode disease• Stem nematode of rice

(Ditylenchus angustus)