pathology of the breast and pregnancy - semmelweis.hu
TRANSCRIPT
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Pathology of the breast and pregnancy
Dr Fónyad László, 1sz. Patológiai és Kísérleti Rákkutató Intézet, SE
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Topics covered
● Clinicopathological background (diagnostics)● Breast
○ Stromal lesions○ Epithelial lesions
■ Benign lesions■ Malignant lesions
● Pathology of pregnancy○ Gestational trophoblastic diseases
■ Mola■ Choriocarcinoma
C/77. Pathology of pregnancyC/78. Benign epithelial lesions and benign tumors of the breastC/79. Malignant tumors of the breast
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Clinicopathological background (diagnostics)
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Clinicopathological background (diagnostics)
● Signs
● Self-examination
● Imaging
● Pathology
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Clinical signs
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Self-examination● 20+ yoa, once in a month ● After menstruation
● In menopause (or when the cycle is irregular) on the same day in each month
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Imaging
● Mammography○ Cheap, accessible○ High sensitivity and specificity○ 40+ yoa
● UH - ancillary t.○ 30- yoa
● MRI: occult, multifocal, recurrence, BRCA+ family history screening
● Isotope (99mTc)
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Pathology
●○ FNAB
○ Core
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Topics covered
● Clinicopathological background (diagnostics)● Breast
○ Stromal lesions○ Epithelial lesions
■ Benign lesions■ Malignant lesions
● Pathology of pregnancy○ Gestational trophoblastic diseases
■ Mola■ Choriocarcinoma
C/77. Pathology of pregnancyC/78. Benign epithelial lesions and benign tumors of the breastC/79. Malignant tumors of the breast
![Page 10: Pathology of the breast and pregnancy - semmelweis.hu](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022042614/6263c1b46b04f711342a4dbb/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Origin of different breast leasions
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Stromal lesions
● Intralobular stroma○ Fibroadenoma○ Phylloid -tumor
● Interlobular stroma○ Soft-tissue tumors
■ angiosarcoma
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Stromal lesions
● Intralobular stroma○ Fibroadenoma
■ Most common benign tumor■ Usu. at younger age■ 2-3 cm ■ Solitary+■ Painless■ Mobile■ Firm mass
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Stromal lesions
● Intralobular stroma○ Fibroadenoma
■ well circumscribed
■ ovoid mass
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Stromal lesions
● Intralobular stroma○ Fibroadenoma
■ well circumscribed
■ ovoid mass
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Stromal lesions
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Stromal lesions
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Stromal lesions
● Intralobular stroma○ Phylloid-tumor
■ Middle aged fm■ Large (20+ cm)■ Spectrum
● Benign● Borderline● Malignant
■ Wide excision (risk of recurrance!)
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Stromal lesions
● Intralobuláris stroma○ Phylloid-tumor
■
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Stromal lesions
● Intralobuláris stroma○ Phylloid-tumor
■
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Stromal lesions
● Intralobuláris stroma○ Phylloid-tumor
■
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Topics covered
● Clinicopathological background (diagnostics)● Breast
○ Stromal lesions○ Epithelial lesions
■ Benign lesions■ Malignant lesions
● Pathology of pregnancy○ Gestational trophoblastic diseases
■ Mola■ Choriocarcinoma
C/77. Pathology of pregnancyC/78. Benign epithelial lesions and benign tumors of the breastC/79. Malignant tumors of the breast
![Page 22: Pathology of the breast and pregnancy - semmelweis.hu](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022042614/6263c1b46b04f711342a4dbb/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Epithelial lesions
● Benign lesions
● Malignant lesions
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Benign epithelial lesions
● Nonproliferative diseases○ Fibrocystic change○ Adenosis
● Proliferative diseases wo. atypia○ Usual duct hyperplasia○ Sclerosing adenosis○ Complex sclerosing lesion○ Papilloma
● Proliferative diseases with atypia○ ALH○ ADH
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Benign epithelial lesions
● Nonproliferative diseases○ Fibrocystic change
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Benign epithelial lesions
● Nonproliferative diseases○ Fibrocystic change
![Page 26: Pathology of the breast and pregnancy - semmelweis.hu](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022042614/6263c1b46b04f711342a4dbb/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Benign epithelial lesions
● Proliferative diseases wo. atypia○ Usual duct hyperplasia
![Page 27: Pathology of the breast and pregnancy - semmelweis.hu](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022042614/6263c1b46b04f711342a4dbb/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Benign epithelial lesions
● Proliferative diseases with atypia○ ADH
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Topics covered
● Clinicopathological background (diagnostics)● Breast
○ Stromal lesions○ Epithelial lesions
■ Benign lesions■ Malignant lesions
● Pathology of pregnancy○ Gestational trophoblastic diseases
■ Mola■ Choriocarcinoma
C/77. Pathology of pregnancyC/78. Benign epithelial lesions and benign tumors of the breastC/79. Malignant tumors of the breast
![Page 29: Pathology of the breast and pregnancy - semmelweis.hu](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022042614/6263c1b46b04f711342a4dbb/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Malignant epithelial lesions
● Risk factors
● Patogenesis, Prognostic factors
● Treatment options
● Types of malignant lesions
○ In situ
○ Invasive
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Malignant epithelial lesions
● Risk factors
○ Sex
○ Age
○ Family history
○ Reproductive anamnesis
○ Other
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Malignant epithelial lesions
Patogenesis,
Prognostic factors
● Histological type● Grade
○ Gland formation○ Polymorphism○ Mitotic rate
● Stage● Biomarkers
○ ER○ PR○ HER2○ Ki67
● Molecular classification
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Malignant epithelial lesions
Patogenezis,
Prognosztikus
faktorok
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Malignant epithelial lesions
Patogenezis,
Prognosztikus
faktorok
● Szövettani típus● Grade
○ Mirigyformálás○ Sejt polymorphismus○ Mitoticus ráta
● Stage● Biomarkerek
○ ER○ PR○ HER2○ Ki67
● Molekuláris klasszifikáció
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Malignant epithelial lesions
● Treatment options NeoadjuvantSurgicalAdjuvantFirst/second/third line
IrradiationEndocrine th.ChemotherapyAnti-HER2New approaches - PARP-, CDK4-, PIK3CA-, PDL1 inhibitors
Systemic / local
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Malignant epithelial lesions
● Treatment options
○ Anti-HER2
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Malignant epithelial lesions
● Treatment options
○ PARP-inhibitors
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Malignant epithelial lesions
● Types of malignant lesions
○ In situ
■ DCIS
■ LCIS
■ Paget’s disease
○ Invasive tumors
■ NST
■ ILC
■ Tubular
■ Medullary
■ Mucinous
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Malignant epithelial lesions
● Types of malignant lesions
○ In situ
■ DCIS
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Malignant epithelial lesions
● Megjelenési formák
○ In situ folyamatok
■ DCIS
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Malignant epithelial lesions
● Types of malignant lesions
○ In situ
■ LCIS
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Malignant epithelial lesions
● Types of malignant lesions
○ In situ
■ Paget’s disease
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Malignant epithelial lesions
● Types of malignant lesions
○ In situ
■ DCIS
■ LCIS
■ Paget’s disease
○ Invasive tumors
■ NST
■ ILC
■ Tubular
■ Medullary
■ Mucinous
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Malignant epithelial lesions
● Types of malignant lesions
○ Invasive tumors
■ NST
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Malignant epithelial lesions
● Megjelenési formák
○ Invazív tumorok
■ NST
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Malignant epithelial lesions
● Types of malignant lesions
○ Invasive tumors
■ ILC
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Malignant epithelial lesions
● Megjelenési formák
○ Invazív tumorok
■ ILC
![Page 47: Pathology of the breast and pregnancy - semmelweis.hu](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022042614/6263c1b46b04f711342a4dbb/html5/thumbnails/47.jpg)
Malignant epithelial lesions
● Types of malignant lesions
○ Invasive tumors
■ Tubular
![Page 48: Pathology of the breast and pregnancy - semmelweis.hu](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022042614/6263c1b46b04f711342a4dbb/html5/thumbnails/48.jpg)
Malignant epithelial lesions
● Megjelenési formák
○ Invazív tumorok
■ Tubuláris
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Malignant epithelial lesions
● Types of malignant lesions
○ Invasive tumors
■ Medullary
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Malignant epithelial lesions
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Topics covered
● Clinicopathological background (diagnostics)● Breast
○ Stromal lesions○ Epithelial lesions
■ Benign lesions■ Malignant lesions
● Pathology of pregnancy○ Gestational trophoblastic diseases
■ Mola■ Choriocarcinoma
C/77. Pathology of pregnancyC/78. Benign epithelial lesions and benign tumors of the breastC/79. Malignant tumors of the breast
![Page 52: Pathology of the breast and pregnancy - semmelweis.hu](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022042614/6263c1b46b04f711342a4dbb/html5/thumbnails/52.jpg)
Pathology of pregancy
○ Gestational trophoblastic diseases■ Mola■ Choriocarcinoma
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Pathology of pregancyGestational trophoblastic diseases
● Mola
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Pathology of pregancyGestational trophoblastic diseases
![Page 55: Pathology of the breast and pregnancy - semmelweis.hu](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022042614/6263c1b46b04f711342a4dbb/html5/thumbnails/55.jpg)
Pathology of pregancyGestational trophoblastic diseases
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Pathology of pregancyGestational trophoblastic diseases
● Choriocarcinoma○ Malignant trophoblastic tumor○ Syncytiotrophoblast, cytotrophoblast, intermedier
trophoblast○ Rapid growts○ Early met.○ Good prognosis
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Pathology of pregancyGestational trophoblastic diseases
● Choriocarcinoma
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Topics covered
● Clinicopathological background (diagnostics)● Breast
○ Stromal lesions○ Epithelial lesions
■ Benign lesions■ Malignant lesions
● Pathology of pregnancy○ Gestational trophoblastic diseases
■ Mola■ Choriocarcinoma
C/77. Pathology of pregnancyC/78. Benign epithelial lesions and benign tumors of the breastC/79. Malignant tumors of the breast
![Page 59: Pathology of the breast and pregnancy - semmelweis.hu](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022042614/6263c1b46b04f711342a4dbb/html5/thumbnails/59.jpg)
Dr Fónyad László, 1sz. Patológiai és Kísérleti Rákkutató Intézet, SE