patterns for designing decision services in the enterprise - bpm03...patterns for designing decision...

Patterns for designing Decision

Services in the Enterprise

[email protected]

July 2014

► Decision Management in a composable enterprise

Agenda

► IBM Operational Decision Manager 8.6 and Decision Services

► Questions ?

► Integration patterns with IBM Integration Bus

► Integration patterns with BPM

3

New forces are disrupting how companies do business

Mobile requires process reinvention

Forrester forecasts that companies will spend about $900 million on

mobile process reinvention services in 2013 and up to $2.7 billion in

2014

$3.6B spend by

2014

Cloud deployments force companies to

rethink their processes

Gartner ranks Business Process as a Service (BPaaS) as the fastest

growing cloud segment with 47% annual growth

47% growth in cloud

processes

Socially-enabled processes drive increased productivity

According to McKinsey, social technologies, when used within and across

enterprises, can raise productivity of high-skill knowledge workers by 20 to 25%

25% productivity

improvement

Big data drives insight into processes

McKinsey found government administration could save more than €100

billion in operational efficiency improvements alone by using big data

€100B government

savings

3 (c) IBM Corporation 2014

4

IBM’s approach for reinventing business operations

to enable greater customer-centricity

in the age of mobile, social, cloud and big data

while driving efficiency and optimization into end-to-end processes

(c) IBM Corporation 2014

5

Key IBM capabilities for Smarter Process

Enterprise Content

Management

Business

Intelligence

Predictive

Analytics

Master Data

Management

Service Oriented Architecture & Integration

Industry Solutions

and Accelerators

Industry and Functional

Consulting Expertise

Managed

Business Processes

Government Banking Energy Healthcare Telecom Insurance Transport

Case

Management

Business Process

Management

Operational Decision

Management

Operational Intelligence

Mobile Social Cloud Big Data

Retail


6

Operational Decision Management Transforms

Business Outcomes

Providing an easily manageable, single source of truth for

operational business decisions

Enables changes to

be easily made by

business people

Codifies business

policies, practices

and regulations

Automates decision

making with the

fidelity of an expert


7

130 milliseconds

per transaction

MasterCard processes each payment transaction within 130

milliseconds per request

43,000 transactions per minute; Responds to fraud threats within hours

Operational Decision Management Yields Significant Benefits

96% straight-through

processing

Swiss Customs achieves 96.5% straight-through processing

to validate electronic customs declarations

200,000 declarations daily; Over 700 business rules

8000 transactions

per second

Visa Europe handles up to 8000 credit card payment

authorizations per second across Europe

60 rule changes in 13 months; Over 30,000 business rules

300% improvement

WorkSafe Victoria sees 300% improvement in payment times to

workers compensation treatment providers

85% straight-through processing; Over 2,000 complex rules


8

Externalizing Decisions from Applications into Business Rules Manage decision logic as composable decision service

Business Rules

Application Application

Decision logic

Natural language rules can be easily read

Externalized rules are easy to change

Centralized rules enable reuse and

consistency

Rules written in software code cannot be

read by business people

Hard coded rules are difficult to change

Rules intertwined within applications

cannot be reused by other systems

Without Decision Management With Decision Management


9

Rule Flows

Simple Decision Artifacts Supporting Complex

Decisions


10

Manage Decisions at the Speed of Business

requests response

Business Rule Updates

New pricing promotion (monthly)

Updated claims policies (quarterly)

Tightened regulations on trading (annually)

Approve filed claim

Detect fraudulent trades

Customer searches for a price

2

Decision Logic

Insured members submit claims

Brokers make trades

1

Determine pricing & bundling

Grow customer base

Increase customer satisfaction

Comply with regulatory changes

Why Policies Change?

Application

Business Rules


11

Model

Valid

ate

Deploy

Mo

nit

or

Business Analyst

Policy Manager

System Administrator

Full Decision Lifecycle Management Manage changes in a safe and predictable environment

Complex Decisions

Rule Administrator

Developer


12

IBM Operational Decision Manager

Rule Designer

Decision Center Versioned Assets

Manage

Rule Execution

Server Console

Design Monitor

Decision Server

Web Services – API – GUI – Execution REST API

Mobile Enterprise

Application POS BPM CRM

Business Console

Enterprise Console

Access and Control Decision Artifacts

Govern

Decision Execution Decision Monitoring

Line of Business Users IT Users


13

a Smarter Process high value service

Enables developers to spend less time recoding and testing when the

business policy changes. This is made possible because the service

separates the business logic from the application logic.

Rules

Familiar Environment for Authoring

Developers can download an Eclipse

based authoring tool and author rules in a

familiar user-friendly environment.

Separate Business Logic

Business logic is authored separately from

the application which enables easier

change in business policy / logic and

codified capture of business policies,

practices and regulations..

Business logic is easily expressed with

business rules to automate decisions with

the fidelity of a subject matter expert.

Bridge Business Users and Developers

Deploy Versioned Business Logic

Multiple versions of the Business logic can

be tested and deployed in the same Rules

Service. Switching, upgrading, sharing

business logic across applications has

never been easier.

Composable Rule service in IBM BlueMix


14

Developer’s on prem Computer

Internet IBM BlueMix

High level overview of the Rules service

Rule Designer

Web Browser

Users of new application

Web Browser

Rules service instance

ODM / RES Console

ODM / HTDS

New app

Web or Mobile UI backend

Backend Application

Logic

A developer using the IBM BlueMix platform and services to build an application

authors rules in Rule Designer and deploy rulesets in the Rules service.

Mobile


Agenda


► Questions ?



16

IBM Operational Decision Manager v8.6

To flexibly and reliably manage

repeatable, automated decisions

When decisions change

frequently

To increase straight-through

processing

When decision services can be

shared across systems

To manage and govern large

numbers of rules

Apply Operational Decision Management…

Manage business policies at scale

Capture, automate and operationalize your business expertise

Enable comprehensive decision governance with social collaboration to

manage business changes

16

Helping to Put the “Smart” in Smarter Process


17

Operational Decision Manager V8.6 - Standard

Makes the ‘modern’ Decision Center console – the

Business Console – cover the full decision authoring

and governance cycle, through :

• The introduction of a new unit of rule management,

the decision service, that simplifies overall decision

governance

• A new capability for business users to verify and

validate rule changes by defining and running test

suites on decision services

• Easy deployment of decision services to non-prod

and production Decision Servers.

18

Decision Server

Development

Operation

Rule

Management

Rule Execution

Server

JEE/J2SE

Rule Designer

(Eclipse) Decision Center

z Rule Execution

Server

Decision Center

Repository

IT Architect

IT Developer

Business Analyst

Process Owner

Business User Business Leader

Deploy

Synchronize

ODM Concept of Operations


19

Decision Service Definition

Business solution Decision Service

Decision

Point

Decision Operation

Deployment Configuration

Rules,

Ruleflows,

variables

Ruleset

RuleApp

Input parameters

Result parameters

Test suites


20

Change management and traceability on every aspect

of a decision service

Rule Designer Decision Center

Rule project

Decision

Operation

Synchronization

Deployment from the

Business Console

Rule Execution Server

RuleApp Y Ruleset A

Ruleset B

Deployment

Deployment

Configuration

Rule project

Decision

Operation

Deployment

Configuration

Decision service

Versioned and synchronized

elements


21

Rule Management with Decision Center

• Users only have access to authorized content, with

permissions on what they can do,

• Business users (subject matter experts) are using

authoring and management screens designed for

them

• Users participating in rule changes can be guided

with a predefined or a custom governance

• Every change to rule artifacts is traced and versioned


22

Governance with Decision Center

• 2 levels of governance support for decision services:

Manual / custom governance with branch management

Built-in governance with the decision governance framework

Release

Validation

Activities

Change

Activities Deployment

Branch

Relies on

Subbranch


23

Releases Releases

Decision Service in Action

Business solution Decision Service

Decision

Point

Decision Operation

Deployment Configuration

Rules,

Ruleflows,

variables

Ruleset

RuleApp Decision

Execution

Environment

Test suites

Validation Deployment

Invocation

Management



Agenda


► Questions ?



25

• Use Natural language

Rules for easier authoring

& better business / IT

alignment

• Reduced lead time for

rule changes to decisions

dealing with business

content

• Rule Governance

• High performance and

reliability

• Extreme Reliability

• Fast and Flexible

Application Integration

• Ability to integrate

disparate systems and

technologies

• Reduced Integration

Costs

IIB (WMB) ODM

Integration & data enrichment Manage Business Decisions

Combine the Strengths of IIB and ODM

for Enhanced Solutions


26

There are 3 main ways to derive joint value from ODM and IIB

1

Business

Applications

& processes

Web, mobile and

business applications /

processes

Integration with

Decisions

Integration flows enhanced

with agile business decisions

Integration to

Decisions

Integration virtualizes &

transforms decision requests

Decisions Services

and business rules

For Applications

And processes

2

Situational

Decisions

(Events)

Sense Respond

telemetry

messages

sensors & actuators

3 Business

Applications

& processes

Instrumented integration flows

generate events which situational

patterns can analyse and act on


27

Business Rules may already

exist in Message Flows

?

Smart Routing

Validation

Transformation

n

Extract

decision logic

from custom

ESQL, Java

code and

databases

Change rules

quickly

Decision

governance

IBM Operational Decision

Management

Externalized

decisions

Security and

audit ability

1

Integration with ODM Business Rules

– a more agile approach

• Adapt faster to ongoing change requirements

– Respond to customer and industry demands by

– Deploying rule changes independently from message flow update cycles

• Reduce load on IT development

– Express decision logic in business language terms to:

– Enable your business team to participate in policy changes

– Validate rules execution without the need to retest the whole message flow


28

Rule-based

Business Decisions

Extend ODM connectivity with IIB / Message Broker

• IIB / Message Broker enables ODM customers to:

– Enrich decision requests with additional data prior to invoking

decision

– Transform Decision requests from multiple sources to a common

format to invoke common decision services

– Enable virtualization of decision services

Portal BPM

System

Enterprise

Application Rule-based

Business Decisions

2


29

IIB – source of Business Events

• Identify new business situations from existing messaging flows

– IIB / Message Broker is one source of event messages from instrumented flows

– ODM detects specific situations from patterns of event sequences

– IIB / Message Broker routes responses to applications and processes

Existing Message

Flows emit events

n

New Flow to

process action

n

Sense from Broker & other Event sources

Respond

Situational Decisions (Events & Rules)

3

ODM


30

Packaging to support customers using IIB and ODM

together.

• IIB v9 includes an integrated Decision Server Rules capability for development and test

– Embedded Rules authoring as part of a message flow

– Rule Designer tooling for ruleset development

– Embedded J2SE Rule Execution Server for message flow rulesets on IIB Execution Group JVM

– Configurable J2SE Rule Execution Server allowing hot deployment of rules from fulll ODM solution

30

IIB Toolkit

- Decision Service Node

- Simple rule authoring

- Import from rule designer

Development / Test

System

ODM Rule Designer

- full capability rule

authoring

J2SE Rule

Engine Flow

Execution Group - JVM

IBM Integration Bus v9

QA / Production with fully

licenced Rule engine

Flow Flow

Ruleset Ruleset Flow

Execution Group - JVM

Flow Flow

Ruleset Ruleset

Shared

Decision Server

Repository

Hot

Deploy

J2SE Rule

Engine

QA / Production use requires additional licence to be purchased (per enabled machine) – IBM Decision Server Rules Edition for Integration Bus for distributed – half cost of full Decision Server

– IBM Decision Server Rules for z/OS – normal licencing

– Applies to enabled machine using: mqsimode <brokerSpec> - x DecisionServices

Licensed

Decision Center

Decision Center

Repository

Rules for Office

(Excel, Word)

Licensed

Decision Server

and

Management Console

Synch.

Separate licencing is needed in all cases for: – IBM Decision Server for remote rule execution or events (host for configurable JSE RES)

– IBM Decision Center


31

Approaches to Decision integration

• Integration approaches described here

– Simple embedded rules authored and deployed with the message

flow

– Rule Designer rulesets imported into and deployed with a message

flow

– Rule Designer rulesets integrated into a message flow with updates

provided dynamically from ODM (Hot deployment).

• Other integration approaches with full ODM

– Java Compute node and bespoke integration

– Web Services integration


32

IIB Execution Group + JVM

Message Flow

IBM Decision Server Rules Edition for Integration Bus - Architecture

Message Flow

J2SE RES

Local File

Persistence

J2SE RES

Configurable

Service

Configurable

Repository

Management

Console

Decision

Server

IIB Toolkit

Rule Designer

Deploy flows with

decision service

nodes I

mp

ort

Ru

les

et

Decision

Center

Author Embedded

Rules

Configure Decision

Service Nodes

Develop ruleset

interface

Author ruleset

rules

Author ruleset

rules

Synchronize

Ruleset Interface

Deploy Ruleset

Notify RES to reload

ruleset

Ex

ec

ute

Dec

isio

n

Ex

ec

ute

Dec

isio

n


33

APPLICATION ILLUSTRATION

BOOK ORDER PROCESSING

34

A Book Order message flow processes orders based on

rules in a decision service node and routes the resulting

order to one of two queues based on whether postage is

payable or not. .


35

IIB is configured with the necessary queues and a

“Business Rules” Integration Server to deploy and test

the flows.


36

The connection to the Configurable Decision Server

Repository is defined using an IIB “Configurable

Service”

Actually have to

modify the

default rather

than create a

new one


37

The flow is defined in the IIB toolkit allowing a Decision

Service Node to be created and configured.


38

For embedded rule authoring, Parameters can be added with

name, type and verbalization.


39

The structure of the Book Order Messages are defined

in a schema which is used to define the vocabulary and

parameters passed to the rules.


40

Embedded Rules are then authored as an ordered

sequence of rules: eg Free post and packaging


41

For Imported and hot deployment rulesets the

parameters are fixed (in Rule designer) and the user

can select whether to use the local imported ruleset or

those from the configurable repository..


42

The rules can now be modified in Rule Designer (or

Decision Center) and deployed . Here we reduce the

minimum for free P&P from 20 from 10. The ruleset is

then deployed to the configurable repository.


43

In the next execution of the rules in a flow, the new

version of the the ruleset is used.


44

IIB Configurable Ruleset execution can be monitored in

the Decision Server Console statistics.



Agenda


► Questions ?



46

Business Process & Decision Management

Business Process Manager Operational Control & Visibility

Blueworks Live Process and Decision Discovery & Knowledge Sharing

Business Monitor End-to-end Monitoring & Visibility

Operational Decision Manager Business-Defined Operational Decisions

Process Center

Process Server

Decision Center

Decision Server

Work together to deliver effective solutions for business operation improvement


47

IBM Blueworks Live Improve understanding of business operations

Decision Discovery

Top-down, business-led discovery of business decisions based on new DMN (Decision Modeling Notation) standard

Visualize decision inputs, output, and sub-decisions on graphical decision diagrams

Capture decision logic using decision tables

Relate decisions to processes through decision tasks for a deeper, more accurate understanding of business

processes

Translation Support

English, German, Spanish, French, Italian, Chinese (Simplified and Traditional), Portuguese, Japanese, and Korean

Simple tools to help everyday business people discover and document the processes, decisions, rules, and policies that comprise

their business

What’s New?

Client Value


48

Blueworks Live can be used to define the key process

activities and roles and can now also identify the key

business decisions.


49

Example in Process Designer to realize the Smarter

Accident Claims Process.


50

Decision Tasks in the flow invoke BPM Decision

Services

• Decision service provides various implementations

– JRules Decision Service – ODM HTDS (web services) invocation

– BAL Rule – Embedded Rules – a bit of ODM in BPM

– Nested Service – Other SOA implementation – AIS,

Integration service, ESB service etc


51

The information used in the process and decisions is

represented as Business Objects in Process Designer.


52

Within the BPM Decision Service, variables can be

defined to hold the information being processed by the

Decision Service.


53

JRules Decision Service – Discovery and definition

• Drag and drop JRules Decision Service palette element to the diagram

• Select Server, connect and get ruleapp and ruleset reference

• Generate Types to import Rules Object Model as BOs into Process

Designer

1

2

3

4

5


54

JRules “Decision Service” Data mapping

• Ruleset parameters are set from process variables: the BPD has to load all the data for this service

• Can use Pre and Post javascript functions to map from BPM BOs to Rule Object Model types

• DecisionID: used to correlate processId with decision ID in decision warehouse


55

Guideline - Create Decision Services and models (BOs)

in a Toolkit rather than ProcessApp

• Allows the interface to the ODM decisions to be versioned seperately

from consuming processs apps

– Buffers Process Apps from the implementation of the decision

– Allows alternate implementations to be used as ecosystem evolves

• Buffers the Process App from data types introduced by the HTDS

discovery following ruleset major update

– Decision service ruleset paths and versions are managed in the toolkit

– Changes in signature are managed by a new toolkit snapshot

• Allows the use of (Advanced) integration services to expose an

Enterprise Decision service that:

– Augments information from the process variables with information from other

sources

– Transforms between Process App models and any internal Rule or SOR

models


56

Summary and Questions

• Decision services form an important piece of the

composable enterprise landscape

• ODM 8.6 provides the means to manage and govern

the behaviour of decision services

• IIB integration provides a flexible performant

mechanism to leverage decision services across the

enterprise

• BPM integration provides the means to convert

insightful decisions into effective action


57

Merci

Grazie

Gracias

Obrigado Danke

Japanese

French

Russian

German

Italian

Spanish

Brazilian Portuguese

Arabic

Traditional Chinese

Simplified Chinese

Thai

Korean


patterns for designing decision services in the enterprise - bpm03...patterns for designing decision...

Documents