patterns of adoption of improved rice varieties instress-prone rainfed areas of south asia
TRANSCRIPT
D, Oermjel5# ], ^eldb{6# I, C, Iecefe{efe}=# eld I, Faac)Bibvkmh4
^ETTBVL] AG EDA^TKAL AG KI^VAWBD VKMB WEVKBTKB] KL
]TVB]])^VALB VEKLGBD EVBE] AG ]ARTJ E]KE
5Gavibv ~a}tdamtavec gbccaw# 6 gavibv eovkmrctrvec bmalaik}t# =e}}k}telt }mkbltk}t# eld 4 gavibv e}}amketb }mkbltk}t#
]amkec ]mkblmb} Dkk}kal# Kltbvletkalec Vkmb Vb}bevmj Kl}tktrtb# Ca} Feõa}# ^jkck~~klb}
Ie`av Gkldklo}
Ibtjadacao{
Af`bmtkwb}
Tefcb 5, Mjevemtbvkpetkal ag }tvb}} }ktretkal} et }bcbmtbd }ktb}# 6>>:,
Malmcr}kal} eld ki~ckmetkal}
]artj E}ke je} efart =?" ag tjb wavcd‛} tatec vkmb evbe kl wjkmj e~~vazkietbc{
2>" k} mal}kdbvbd ta fb veklgbd *Dewb bt ec 6>5>+, Jawbbv# ia}t ag tjb}b
veklgbd vkmb evbe} vborcevc{ }rggbv gvai evkar} efkatkm }tvb}}b} }rmj e}
dvarojt}# gcaad}# eld }ecklkt{, Jk}tavkmec vkmb ~vadrmtkkt{ tvbld} kl tjvbb evbe} ag
]artj E}ke *Felocedb}j# be}tbvl Kldke# eld Lb~ec+ }jaw tjet ovawtj kl {kbcd
je} fbbl }crook}j eld rl}tefcb kl veklgbd evbe} drb ta tjb vborcev ammrvvblmb
ag efkatkm eld fkatkm }tvb}}b}, Tjbvbgavb# ki~vaklo tjb ~vadrmtkkt{ ag vkmb
tjvaroj }tvb}} tacbvelmb tbmjlacaokb} k} e hb{ bltv{ ~aklt ta bljelmb tjb
klmaib eld ckbckjaad ag vb}arvmb)~aav gevibv} kl tjb}b }tvb}})~valb
blkvaliblt},
Gko, 5, Ie~ }ja} }trd{ }ktb} ag
]tvb}})tacbvelt vkmb wevkbt{ *]TVE]E+
kl Felocedb}j# be}tbvl Kldke# eld
Lb~ec *]arvmb0 KVVK# OK]+,
Ktbi Dvarojt ]rfibvoblmb ]ecklkt{ *mae}tec+
Gvburblm{ Almb kl 6)= {bev} Almb kl 6)2 {bev} Vborcev
Drvetkal 6>)42 de{} =)=> de{} Dv{ }be}al ' bevc{
wbt }be}al
Tkiklo @rl)@rc *bevc{+
]b~)Amt *tbviklec+
@rc)]b~ Iev)@rl
… Dvarojt eld }rfibvoblmb ammrvvbd bv{ gvburbltc{ kl tjb }trd{ evbe}# wktj
ellrec gvburblm{ ev{klo gvai 6>" ta 2>", Al tjb atjbv jeld# }ecklkt{ we} garld
ta fb ~bvielblt ~jblaiblal fbmaiklo iavb }bbvb drvklo tjb dv{ }be}al
tjel drvklo tjb wbt }be}al *Tefcb 5+,
]arvmb}0 Gamr} ovar~ dk}mr}}kal *GOD+ eld hb{ klgavielt }rvwb{ *HK]+
… Tjb vkmb gevibv} wbvb mal}kdbvbd }ieccjacdbv}8 tjb ebveob gevi }kpb ag cb}}
tjel 5 jbmtevb kldkmetbd tjb daiklelmb ag }iecc gevi} *Tefcb 6+,
… Mva~~klo kltbl}kt{ we} caw kl E}}ei eld Avk}}e *be}tbvl Kldke+# wjkcb kt we}
vbcetkbc{ jkoj kl Felocedb}j, Tjb}b gkldklo} evb mal}k}tblt wktj tjb aggkmkec
letkalec }tetk}tkm} *Tefcb 6+,
Marltv{ Ewbveob gevi }kpb
*je+
" ievoklec gevi}
*35 je+
Mva~~klo
kltbl}kt{ *"+
Felocedb}j >,:> ?7 57: *5?7+
Lb~ec >,:; := 572 *522+
Kldke
_b}t Fbloec >,?> ?2 546 *5:6+
E}}ei 5,4? 45 ;; *56;+
Avk}}e 5,2> 45 55? *525+
Mjjettk}oevj 6,:> 55 54> *565+
eLrifbv} kl ~evbltjb}b} ~bvtekl ta letkalec)cbwbc ewbveob} eld evb dbvkwbd gvai letkalec }tetk}tkm},
Tefcb 6, Gevi mjevemtbvk}tkm} eld mva~~klo kltbl}kt{ kl ]artj E}ke,
Tjk} ~e~bv eki} ta elec{pb ~ettbvl} ag evkbtec eda~tkal eld mjevemtbvkpb tjb t{~b
ag }tvb}} tjet r}recc{ ammrv} kl tjb}b evbe},
… Eda~tkal ag iadbvl evkbtkb} evkbd ~bv cametkal kt velobd gvai grcc
eda~tbv} ta ~evtkec eda~tbv} *Gko, 6+, Jawbbv# kl tjb me}b ag }ecklb)~valb
evbe} kl Avk}}e *be}tbvl Kldke+# e cevob lrifbv ag gevibv} ovbw tvedktkalec
evkbtkb} *TW+ alc{ drb ta ckiktbd emmb}} ta ki~vabd evkbtkb} tjet evb
tacbvelt ag }ecklkt{ kl tja}b cametkal},
>"
5>"
6>"
=>"
4>"
2>"
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;>"
5>>"
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O a c e
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e o e v
V e k ~ r
v
F e l h
b
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o k v
D j b l
h e l e
c
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T e l e
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V e ` } j
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F j e d
v e h
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v e ~ e
v e
] e t h j
k v e
Dk}tvkmt}
^ b v m b l
t e o b a
g j a r } b
j a
c d }
IW alc{ TW alc{ Fatj IW eld TW
Gko, 6, ^ettbvl ag wevkbtec eda~tkal f{ gevibv} *"+ emva}} Felocedb}j#
be}tbvl Kldke# eld Lb~ec# 6>>:,
… Jkoj vetb} ag eda~tkal kltbl}kt{ eld klmkdblmb ag IW} wbvb af}bvbd kl ia}t
ag tjb cametkal }rvb{bd# bzmb~t kl tjb }ecklb evbe} ag Hbldve~eve eld
Fjedveh *Avk}}e# be}tbvl Kldke+ *Gko, =+,
>
5>
6>
=>
4>
2>
7>
?>
:>
;>
5>>
> 5> 6> => 4> 2> 7> ?> :> ;> 5>>
Eda~tkal *" gevibv +
E d a ~
t k a l
* " e
v b e
+
Gko,=, Kltbl}kt{ eld klmkdblmb ag IW eda~tkal emva}} cametkal} kl ]artj
E}ke# 6>>:,
… Eialo tjb eda~tbd IW}# acd)oblbvetkal vkmb evkbtkb} }rmj e} ]wevle# FV55#
eld Ie}rck wbvb garld ta daikletb drvklo tjb wbt }be}al kl ecc evbe}# wjkmj
kldkmetb} caw evkbtec vb~cembiblt *Tefcb =+,
Dvarojt ]rfibvoblmb ]ecklkt{
Be}tbvl
Kldke
]wevle *=;"+# Cecet *6>"+#
TW} *6:"+
Vel`kt *5:"+#
Iej}rvk *55"+#
]wevle *;"+# TW}
*=:"+
]wevle *55"+#
TW} *72"+
Felocedb}j Ortk }wevle! ]wevle *;="+#
TW} *6"+
FV55 *7="+ eld
TW} *5>"+
FV5> *:?"+
Lb~ec Ie}rck *5="+# @elehk *56"+#
Vedje)55 *55"+# Vedje)4
*5>"+# eld TW} *54"+
… Ki~vabd evkbtkb} jeb oblbvecc{ fbbl wkdbc{ eda~tbd eld }~vbed kl }tvb}})
~valb evbe} frt ia}t ag tjb}b ki~vabd evkbtkb} evb –acdbv’ ag klteob *dbgklbd
jbvb e} evkbtkb} vbcbe}bd fbgavb 5;;>+, ]aib ag tjb}b kletob evkbtkb} ammr~{
}rf}teltkec evbe} eld evb agtbl hlawl e} iboe)evkbtkb}, Tjb}b iboe)evkbtkb}
oblbvecc{ jeb wkdb ede~tefkckt{# db}kvefcb ovekl ureckt{ mjevemtbvk}tkm}# eld wbcc)
b}tefck}jbd ievhbtklo!~vamb}}klo mjellbc},
… Tjb daiklelmb ag iboe)evkbt{ ]wevle kl be}tbvl Kldke eld FV55 kl
Felocedb}j kl }tvb}})~valb veklgbd blkvaliblt} ~vakdb} e oaad `r}tkgkmetkal gav
]TVE]E‛} }tvetbo{ ag klmav~avetklo ]RF5 eld atjbv }tvb}})tacbvelmb oblb} kl
tjb}b iboe)evkbtkb}, Rldbv e mjeloklo mckietkm }mblevka# tjk} wkcc ckhbc{ klmvbe}b
tjb ieolktrdb ag ki~emt eld ki~emt daiekl fb{ald }tvb}})~valb evbe} f{
emmbcbvetklo gevibv}‛ evkbtec eda~tkal ,
Tefcb =, Ie`av vkmb wevkbtkb} oval drvklo tjb bt }be}al f{ t{~b ag }tvb}} kl
]artj E}ke# 6>>:,
… Tjb ~vbecblmb ag }tvb}} *dvarojt#
}rfibvoblmb# eld }ecklkt{+ eld tjb
~va~avtkal ag veklgbd vkmb evbe wbvb
tjb twa ie`av mvktbvke r}bd kl tjb
}bcbmtkal ag dk}tvkmt} eld }trd{
kcceob} kl Felocedb}j# be}tbvl Kldke#
eld Lb~ec,
… E maifkletkal ag jar}bjacd }rvb{
eld vrvec e~~vek}ec *gamr} ovar~
dk}mr}}kal# hb{ klgavielt }rvb{+
ibtjad} we} r}bd ta maccbmt# mai~cbiblt#
eld tvkelorcetb gkbcd dete emva}} tjb }ktb}
rldbv tjb ]TVE]E ~va`bmt,
… E veldai }ei~cklo gveibwavh we} r}bd ta }bcbmt jar}bjacd} gvai
~rv~a}bgrcc{ }bcbmtbd kcceob} ag tjb tevobt }tvb}})~valb blkvaliblt}, Tjk}
vb}rctbd kl e tatec ag 5#;>: jar}bjacd }ei~cb},
