pavement systems: selecting, installing, maintaining and ... · 5/7/2019 · pacific interlock...
TRANSCRIPT
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Pavement Systems:Selecting, Installing,
Maintaining and Inspecting
SCVURPPPAnnual C.3 Stormwater Workshop
Palo AltoJune 9, 2016
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Presentation OverviewPanel PresentationSpeakers:Mike Marhenke ‐ CalstonePaul Hathaway ‐ Pacific Interlock PavingstoneDavid Liguori ‐ Bay Area Pervious ConcreteDave Rubin ‐ Callander AssociatesPeter Schultze‐Allen ‐ EOA/SCVURPPP
Additional slides courtesy of: David Smith, ICPIRussell Snyder, CalAPA
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Permeable InterlockingConcrete Pavers
(PICP)
Mike MarhenkeCALSTONE
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Permeable Pavers(water flows through paver)
Paul HathawayPacific Interlock Pavingstone, Inc.
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Manufacturer of Hydro-Flo Permeable Technology Pavers
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PACIFIC INTERLOCK PAVINGSTONE, INC.
The Hydro-Flo AdvantageThe Hydro-Flo Advantage
Control Storm Water Runoff
Exceeds ADA Standards
LEED Credits
Ease of Maintenance
Meets LID requirements
Exceeds all State, Country and City Requirements
Major Benefits
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PACIFIC INTERLOCK PAVINGSTONE, INC.
Controls storm water runoff
Improves runoff water quality
Replenishes water to soil & aquifers
50-100 year Lifespan
Can Reduced Carbon Footprint
Reduced repairs
Can reduce Solar Heat Gain
Environmental AdvantagesEnvironmental Advantages
Information sourced from: PICP Public Works Commission: Paving Work Group. Copies available upon request.
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No puddles due to standing water
ADA Compliant
Reduces slippery surfaces
No Gaps
Traffic Calming
PACIFIC INTERLOCK PAVINGSTONE, INC.
Safety BenefitsSafety Benefits
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PACIFIC INTERLOCK PAVINGSTONE, INC.
Commercial ApplicationsCommercial ApplicationsProjects in progress or scheduled include: Universities Parks Libraries Beach Promenade Streetscapes and Urban Forests Parking Lots Churches Crosswalks and Sidewalks Handicap Parking
and more…
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PACIFIC INTERLOCK PAVINGSTONE, INC.
Residential ApplicationsResidential Applications
Driveways
Patios
Walkways
Pool Areas
Erosion Areas
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PACIFIC INTERLOCK PAVINGSTONE, INC.
InstallationInstallation(Always rely on your GeoTech Report)
The Base is KEY!Little maintenance required
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A picture is worth a thousand words…..
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Suggested Maintenance PracticesHydro-Flo Pavingstones
• Sweep by either brush or vacuum systems. Cleaning intervals depend on traffic type, traffic frequency and environmental factors.
• Annual pressure wash at 1200-1500 psi pressure washer with steam or hot water for better results. Best results with a wet vacuum system in conjunction with pressure washing.
• Use fan tip spray nozzle, at 30 degree angle, 14 to 16 inches from the paver and working at a 45 degree angle from the dominant pattern. Solvents or cleaners are not required or recommended.
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Pervious Concrete(poured in place)
David LiguoriBay Area Pervious Concrete
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The Leader in Green Pavement & Stormwater Solutions
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Custom Finish Options:Colors, Polished, Aggregates & Borders
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LATIS: Large Area Thin Infiltration System.Dynamic System Model
Palo Alto 100 Yr Storm 4.6” Soil Infiltration Rate 0.1”/hr
Pervious Concrete
Crushed Rock
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Maintenance & Performance Factors Site Design & EnvironmentConstruction Debris‐Staging
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Most debris, like sand and organic matter are permeable and the system will still function if not cleaned, but at a reduced rate.
Leaf blowers have proven to be highly effective and the only maintenance necessary in many small to medium size applications
Vacuum trucks for larger areas
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ASTM C1701 Infiltration Rate
250” /hr min recommended
Run baseline test before pavement goes into service.
Repeat every 6‐12 months. Re‐evaluate maintenance routine
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Porous Asphalt(poured in place)
Slides Courtesy of Russell Snyder Cal Asphalt Pavement Association
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THE BASICS: Porous asphalt is a design system Site (including soils) must be suitable More expensive than conventional parking lot Less expensive when offset by drainage costs Asphalt should have ~20 % air voids Special construction considerations Special maintenance considerations
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Porous asphalt parking lot under construction in West Sacramento 2014
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Top surface (left) and subgrade.
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City of Elk Grove porous pavements demonstration fountain 2012.
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Downtown Disney porous asphalt parking lot (right) during rain event.
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A “Green” pavement strategy Porosity cools pavements & prevents puddles LEED considerations
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Sweeping, power‐washing Consider signage NO SURFACE TREATMENTS!
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Russell W. SnyderExecutive DirectorCalifornia Asphalt Pavement Association1550 Harbor Blvd., Suite 211West Sacramento, CA 95798(916) 791‐[email protected]
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Case Study
Dave RubinCallander Associates
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Pre-project condition
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Pre-project condition
Use of Permeable Pavement at Creekside ParkAnnual C.3 Stormwater Workshop - June 9, 2016
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Concept Plan
'
HOW DO YOU TREAT STORMWATER WITH
“WALL TO WALL” PROGRAM NEEDS?
Use of Permeable Pavement at Creekside ParkAnnual C.3 Stormwater Workshop - June 9, 2016
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Site Plan
.
'
Use of Permeable Pavement at Creekside ParkAnnual C.3 Stormwater Workshop - June 9, 2016
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;
Permeable Pavers
Synthetic Turf
Porous Asphalt
Use of Permeable Pavement at Creekside ParkAnnual C.3 Stormwater Workshop - June 9, 2016
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;
Permeable Pavers Synthetic Turf Porous Asphalt
Design Use:Parking and Driveway Surface
Selection Consideration: Cost
Treatment Method: Self-Treating
Design Use:Picnic and Gathering
Selection Consideration:Aesthetics
Treatment Method:Self-Treating
Design Use:Athletic Surface
Selection Consideration:Program/Athletic Performance
Treatment Method:Self-Treating
Use of Permeable Pavement at Creekside ParkAnnual C.3 Stormwater Workshop - June 9, 2016
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Slides courtesy of:‐ David Smith: Interlocking Concrete Paver Institute (ICPI)‐ CA State Water Board – DROPS Grant Program‐ American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE), CH2M Hill
Installation
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Source: ASCE Permeable Pavements, 2015
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Pre‐construction Meeting
Participants:• Owner’s rep, GC, pavement
installer, suppliers, testing lab(s)
Meeting Checklist:• Walk through site with builder/contractor/subcontractor• Review erosion & sediment control plan and SWPPP• Determine time of pavement installation in construction sequence• Identify material stockpile locations• Protect finished surface from contamination• Locate elevation & size of underdrains • Discuss need and delivery location for supplemental maintenance pavers
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Sediment Management
• Stabilization of soil in area draining into pavement • Min. 20 ft (6 m) wide vegetative strips recommended
No
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Verify Materials Delivered to the SiteAggregates• Sieve analyses for subbase, base, bedding, and jointing
aggregates conforms to specifications• Decide consistent sampling & testing for delivered materials
Other materials meet specs• Pavers• Edge restraints • Geotextile/Geomembrane
No. 8 beddingNo. 57 baseNo. 2 (3 or 4)
subbaseNo. 8, 89 or 9
jointing
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Raised outlet
Underdrains
• Ensure size, perforations, locations, slope & outfalls meet specs & drawings
• Verify elevation of overflow pipes
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Mechanical Paver Installation
For larger commercial projects
Efficiency factors:• Configuration/width• Site access/flow of materials• Crew experience• Paver laying pattern
Same inspection acceptance criteria
as manual installation
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Inspection and Maintenance
Slides courtesy of David Smith and the Interlocking Concrete Paver Institute
(ICPI)
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Pavement Condition Inspection & EvaluationHydrologic Conditions– Surface infiltration rate
and drainage outfalls
Structural Conditions– Depression– Rutting– Faulting– Damaged Pavers– Edge Restraint Damage– Excessive Joint Width– Joint Filler Loss– Horizontal Creep
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Hydrologic: Test Infiltration RateFinal inspection at installation:• Test surface for infiltration rate per specifications using ASTM
C1781 – establish base rate• Minimum 100 in./hr (254 cm/hr) recommended
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ASTM C1781
2
3 4
1
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Hydrologic: Inspecting Surface CloggingInspect 1 to 2 times annually preferably after a stormInspect and document:
– General site features and distresses with photographs, etc.
– Obvious sources and locations of sediment (usually at entrances)
– Changes in adjacent land use that might contribute sediment
– Vegetation around perimeter for cover and soil stability
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Hydrologic: Inspecting Surface CloggingInspecting and Documenting…– Surface openings for buildup of sediment in joints – Ponds over 10% of the area remaining longer than 1 hour after a rainstorm: measure permeability of the surface using: ASTM C1781 Standard Test Method for Surface Infiltration Rate of Permeable Pavement Systems
Ponding & settlement at entrance ‐ common hydrologic & structural distress location
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Hydrologic: Sweeper Effectiveness
Mechanical SweeperLeast effective
Regenerative air vacuum sweeper ‐for routine maintenance• Use 1‐2 times/year
Most effective
True vacuum sweeper• Very powerful• For restorative maintenance ‐Restores highly clogged surfaces
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Hydrologic: Prevent Contamination/Clogging
An ounce of prevention….
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Hydrologic: Subsurface Observation Well
Permeable Surface
Open Graded Base
Open Graded Subbase
Subgrade
Insert 100 to 150 mm (4 to 6 inches) into subgrade
Cap flush with pavement
Perforated PVC Pipe
Well Cap
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Structural: Depression‐ Settlement of underlying subgrade or granular base
‐ Most common over utility cuts, catch basins and adjacent to other roadway types
• Areas exhibiting medium and high severity depressions exceeding 0.5 in. should be repaired
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Structural: Rutting‐ A surface depression in the wheel path
‐ Typically caused by settlement of the underlying subgrade or reservoir base under vehicle loading
• Medium and high severity rutting (rut depth > 0.6 in.) should be repaired
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Structural: Faulting‐ Elevation of small areas of surface that differs or rotated to that of adjacent pavers (a.k.a. lipping)
‐ Caused by settlement of bedding, poor installation/compaction
• Areas exhibiting medium and high severity faulting (maximum difference in height exceeding 0.25 in.) should be repaired to ensure smooth ride quality
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Structural: Damaged Pavers‐ Typically caused by load related damage, i.e., inadequate support resulting in shear damage, lack of jointing stone, substandard materials, or cutting away more than 2/3 of paver.
• Medium and high severity damaged pavers should be removed and replaced to maintain the pavement structural load capacity
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Structural: Paver Repair• Remove all cracked pavers and replace with new pavers • Remove individual pavers with hand removal equipment
to prevent damage to surrounding pavers• Order and store extra pavers on‐site for future maintenance
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Structural: Edge Restraint Damage‐ Edge restraints (typically curbs) provide lateral supportLoss of lateral support due to edge restraint damage can result in movement/rotation of the pavers, loss of jointing and bedding course stone
• All medium and high severity loss of edge restraint should be repaired/replaced
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Structural: Excessive Joint Width‐ Caused by poor initial construction, lack of joint filler, poor edge restraint, adjacent settlement/heave, etc.
Pavers exhibiting medium and high excessive joint widthshould be removed and re‐set, compacted, jointing stone applied and compacted
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Structural: Joint Stone Loss‐ Caused by settlement, excessive vacuum force during cleaning, pressure washing, and excessive traffic loads
• Joint filler should be reinstated in all joints exhibiting medium and high severity loss
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Structural: Joint Filler Replacement• Replenish jointing material 6 months after construction and yearly as needed
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Structural: Horizontal Creep‐ Longitudinal displacement of the pavers caused by wheel loading (turning, braking, accelerating)
• Relevel base and Replace
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Inspection and Monitoring PlanDistress Activity Frequency
Clogging Vacuum sweep surface to remove sediment. Annually (unless increase in sediment loading)
Clogged/Damaged Secondary Features
Clean out or repair secondary drainage features.
Annually, after major rain event
Depressions Repair all paver surface depressions, exceeding 0.5 in.
Annually, repair as needed
Rutting Repair all paver surface rutting, exceeding 0.6 in.
Annually, repair as needed
Faulting Repair all paver surface faulting, exceeding 0.25in.
Annually, repair as needed
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Inspection and Monitoring Plan, cont.Distress Activity Frequency
Damaged Paver Units
Replace medium to high severity cracked, spalled or chipped paver units.
Annually, repair as needed
Edge Restraint Damage
Repair pavers offset by more than 0.25 in. from adjacent units or curbs, inlets, etc.
Annually, repair as needed
Excessive Joint Width
Repair pavers exhibiting joint width exceeding 0.4 in.
Annually, repair as needed
Joint Filler Loss Replenish aggregate in joints. As needed
Horizontal Creep
Repair areas exhibiting horizontal creep exceeding 0.4 in.
Annually, repair as needed
Additional Distresses
Missing pavers shall be replaced. A geotechnical investigation is recommended for pavement heaves.
Annually, repair as needed
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Inspection Checklists and Maintenance Plans
SCVURPPP has developed inspection checklists and O&M plans for pervious pavements. See the program website for more details:http://scvurppp‐w2k.com/nd_wp.shtml
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Contact Information:
Mike Marhenke, Calstone209‐833‐7366, [email protected]
Paul Hathaway, Pacific Interlock Pavingstone831‐578‐4978, [email protected]
David Liguori, Bay Area Pervious Concrete650‐273‐6073, [email protected]
Dave Rubin, Callander Associates408‐275‐0565, [email protected]
Peter Schultze‐Allen, EOA/SCVURPPP510‐832‐2852 x128, pschultze‐[email protected]