pdu ! distribution system planning and automation
TRANSCRIPT
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Fall 2013 Semester vii
Dr lehaz kakakhelAIR UNIVERSITY
ISLAMABAD
ELECTRIC POWER DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM ENGINEERING
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DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM PLANNING AND AUTOMATION
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BK. SIGUNTANG TALANG RATU SEDUDUK PUTIH
BOOM BARU
BUNGARAN SEI KEDUKAN
KERAMASAN
SEI JUARO
10 MVA70 / 12 KV
15 MVA70 / 12 KV
20 KV 12 KV
70 KV
TACSR 120 mm2 = 7,2 Km
1 x 10 MVA70 / 20 KV
20 KV12 KV
1 x 5 MVA70 / 12 KV
2 x 5 MVA70 / 12 KV
TACSR 120 mm2 = 4,7 Km
PLTG2 x 14,5 MW1 X 21,5 MW
PLTU2 x 12,5 MW
10 MVA70 / 12 KV
15 MVA70 / 12 KV
2 x 100 MVA150 / 12 KV
70 KV
150 KV
70 KV
70 KV
1 x 15 MVA70 / 12 KV
1 x 15 MVA70 / 12 KV
TACSR 2 X 120 mm2 = 7,2 km ACSR 2 X 120 mm2 = 4,2 Km
70 KV 70 KV 70 KV 70 KV
5 MVA70 / 12 KV
12 KV12 KV 12 KV
5 MVA70 / 12 KV
10 MVA70 / 12 KV
10 MVA70 / 12 KV
15 MVA70 / 20 KV
30 MVA70 / 20 KV
ACSR 2 X 120 mm2 = 10,1 Km ACSR 2 X 120 mm2 = 10,8 Km
70 KV
1 x 20 MVA70 / 12 KV
12 KV 20 KV
1 x 10 MVA70 / 20 KV
1 x 16 MVA12 / 6,3 KV
PLTG 1 x 14 MW
1 x 100 MVA150 / 70 KV
IBT
IBT
70 KV
150 KV
BORANG
NGR 133
PLTD2 x 12,5 MW
20 KV 20 KV
15 MVA70 / 20 KV
15 MVA70 / 20 KV
20 KV20 KV
ACSR
2 X
120
mm
2 =
3,5
Km ACSR 120 m
m2 = 12,168 Km
(Kabel Air = 1,832 Km)
NGR
PT PLN (PERSERO)UPT
SUMBAGSEL
AktivitasDigambarDiperiksaDisetujuiUkuran
Nama Tanggal Paraf
UPT PALEMBANGLokasi
Ir.Zainal Abidin
SINGLE LINE SISTEM 70 kVPALEMBANG
UPT PALEMBANG
Engineering
Yayang, Aht
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GARDU INDUK SEDUDUK PUTIH
PT PLN (PERSERO)UPT
PALEMBANG
AktivitasDigambarDiperiksaDisetujuiUkuran
A4
Nama Tanggal Paraf
Lokasi : TRAGI BOOM BARU
800 A 800 A 800 A 800 A
150 - 300 / 5 / 5 A
10 KA 82 KV
TRAFO 15 MVAFUJI ELECTRIC69/11,5 KVImp. Voltage : 7,49 %Vector Group :YNd 5
69/20TRAFO 30 MVAUNINDO- 70/20 KVImp. Voltage : 11,42 %Vector Group : YNYn0/yNd5
150 / 5 A
10 KA 82 KV
1.000 / 5 A
200 / 0,1 mA 200 / 0,1 mA
PIPIT KUTILANG KASUARI MERAK PERKUTUT
REL I ( CUBICLE 12 kV FUJI / BREAKER FUJI )
REL 20 KV
100 / 5 A
100 KVA12 / 0,4 KV
REL I 70 KV
REL II 70 KV
BMBRU II BMBRU IBORANG II BORANG I
PS.GI
800 A 800 A
SF. 61250 A25 kA
150 - 300 / 5 / 5 A
10 KA
0,113
113
0,113
0,113
693
0,113
150 - 300 / 5 / 5 A
800 A
800 A
PMS Tanah
10 KA82 KV
800 A
Line TrapPhase : S
TRATU I
150 - 300 / 5 / 5 A
800 A
OCB800 A12,5 kA
800 A
PMS Tanah
10 KA82 KV
800 A
TRATU II
0,113
693
0,113
VCB1250 A25 kA
1.200 / 5 A
LA 10 kA
10 KA
10 KA
CENDRAWASIH MURAY MERPATI WALET
0,113
693
0,113
150 - 300 / 5 / 5 A
800 A
800 A
PMS Tanah
10 KA82 KV
800 A
0,113
693
0,113
150 - 300 / 5 / 5 A
800 A
OCB800 A
12,5 kA
800 A
PMS Tanah
10 KA82 KV
800 A
Line TrapPhase : S
0,113
693
0,113
OCB800 A
12,5 kA
150 - 300 / 5 / 5 A
800 A
800 A
PMS Tanah
10 KA82 KV
800 A
0,113
693
0,113
150 - 300 / 5 / 5 A
800 A
OCB800 A
12,5 kA
800 A
PMS Tanah
10 KA82 KV
800 A
Line TrapPhase : S
0,113
693
0,113
OCB800 A
12,5 kA
200 / 0,1 mA 200 / 0,1 mA
OCB600 A36,1 kA
OCB600 A36,1 kA
OCB600 A36,1 kA
OCB600 A36,1 kA
300/5 A 300/5 A 300/5 A 300/5 A
0,113
693
0,113
OCB1200 A36,1 kA
OCB1200 A36,1 kA
1000/5 A
200 / 0,1 mA 200 / 0,1 mA 200 / 0,1 mA
OCB600 A36,1 kA
OCB600 A36,1 kA
OCB600 A36,1 kA
300/5 A 300/5 A 300/5 A
PARKIT BEO
0,113
113
0,113
REL II ( CUBICLE 12 kV FUJI / BREAKER FUJI )
150 / 5 A
VCB630 A25 kA
150 / 5 A
VCB630 A25 kA
150 / 5 A
VCB630 A25 kA
150 / 5 A
VCB630 A25 kA
0,113
203
0,113
OCB800 A12,5 kA
OCB800 A12,5 kA
10 KA 82 KV
NGR 40 300 A
300 / 5 A
OCB800 A12,5 kA
150 / 5 A
KUTILANG
150 / 5 A
PARKIT
SIMENS SIMENSVCB
800 A25 kA
VCB800 A25 kA
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FACTORS CONSIDERED FOR BEST PLANNING A SYSTEM
1.What is the maximum capacity?
2. How do we determine this capacity?
3. What are the operating limits that must be satisfied?
4. What can be done to operate the distribution system within theoperating limits?
5. What can be done to make the distribution system operate moreefficiently?
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DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM PLANNING System planning is essential to assure that the growing demand for electricity can be satisfied by distribution system additions which are both technically adequate and reasonably economical. In the future, more than in the past, electric utilities will need a fast and economical planning tool to evaluate the consequences of different proposed alternatives and their impact on the rest of the system to provide the necessary economical, reliable, and safe electric energy to consumers.
The objective of distribution system planning is to assure that the growing demand for electricity, in terms of increasing growth rates and high load densities
FACTORS AFFECTING SYSTEM PLANNING
Load Forecasting
Substation Expansion
Substation Site Selection
primary voltage selection
number of feeders
conductor size selection
total cost
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LOAD FORECASTING
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SUBSTATION EXPANSION
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SUBSTATION SITE SELECTION
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Substation site selection procedure
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Other FactorsOnce the load assignments to the substations are determined, then the remaining factors affecting primary voltage selection, feeder route selection, number of feeders, conductor size selection, and total cost
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A system performance analysis is done to determine whether the present system is capable of handling the new load increase with respect to the company’s criteria.
SYSTEM PERFORMANCE
This analysis, constituting the second stage of the process, requires the use of tools such as a distribution load flow program, a voltage profile, and a regulation program. The acceptability criteria, representing the company’s policies, obligations to the consumers, and additional constraints can include:
1---Service continuity
3--The maximum allowable peak-load voltage drop to the most remote customer on the secondary
2---The maximum allowable voltage dip occasioned by the starting of a motor of specified starting current characteristics at the most remote point on the secondary
4--The maximum allowable peak load
5--Service reliability
Power losses
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DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM PLANNING IN THE FUTURE
FUTURE NATURE OF DISTRIBUTION PLANNING
Impacts of Load Management The requirements of a successful load management program are specified by Delgado [19] as follows: 1. It must be able to reduce demand during critical system load
periods2. It must result in a reduction in new generation requirements,
purchased power, and/or fuel costs.3. It must have an acceptable cost/benefit ratio.4. Its operation must be compatible with system design and
operation.5. It must operate at an acceptable reliability level.6. It must have an acceptable level of customer convenience.7. It must provide a benefit to the customer in the form of reduced
rates or other incentives. Cost/Benefit Ratio for Innovation
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THE CENTRAL ROLE OF THE COMPUTER IN DISTRIBUTION PLANNING
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SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS future distribution systems will be more complex than those of today, which means that the distribution system planner’s task will be more complex. If the systems being planned are to be optimal with respect to construction cost, capitalization, performance reliability, and operating efficiency, better planning and operation tools are required. While it is impossible to foresee all the effects that technology will have on the way in which distribution planning and engineering will be done, it is possible to identify the major forces which are beginning to institute a change in the methodology and extrapolate
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REFERENCES
Westinghouse Electric Corporation: Electric Utility Engineering Reference Book—Distribution Systems, vol. 3, East Pittsburgh, Pa, 1965
Energy Information Administration: Energy Data Reports—Statistics of Privately-Owned Electric Utilities in the United States, U.S. Department of Energy, 1975—1978.
The National Electric R’liability Study: Technical Study Reports, U.S. Department of Energy, DOE/EP-0005, Office of Emergency Operations, April 1981.
The National Power Grid Study, vol. 2, U.S. Department of Energy, DOE/ERA-0056-2, Economic Regulatory Administration, Office of Utility Systems, September 1979.
Gönen, T., et al.: “Toward Automated Distribution Systems Planning,” Proceedings of the IEEE Control of Power Systems Conference, Texas A&M University, College Station, Tex., Mar. 19—21, 1979, pp.23—30.
Munasinghe, M.: The Economics of Power System Reliability and Planning, Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, 1979.