pec safety - naturally occurring radioactive material (norm): is radiation … · 2019-03-08 ·...
TRANSCRIPT
PPT-SM-N 2017
Naturally occurring radioactive material (NORM): Is radiation that exists naturally in the environment Is also known as background radiation Has many sources, such as soil and rocks Can be found in things like tap water, cigarettes,
and smoke detectors
2
PPT-SM-N 2017 3
Radiation becomes dangerous when it becomes concentrated in some way by human activity.
Technically enhanced NORM (TENORM) is radioactive material disturbed and concentrated by human activities, such as drilling for oil. TENORM is
often used interchangeably with NORM.
PPT-SM-N 2017 4
NORM is a serious health risk because high levels of radiation can cause cancer. You must protect yourself when you work in an area contaminated with NORM.
NORM exposure mostly happens through inhalation
or ingestion.
PPT-SM-N 2017
There are two types of exposures to radiation, acute and chronic: Acute exposure is when a very large amount
of radiation is suddenly released Chronic exposure is exposure to low levels of
radioactivity over a long period of time
5
PPT-SM-N 2017 6
NORM can be produced as waste water and can take the form of scale buildup in: TubularsWellheads Flowlines Pits Drill pipes
Workers in the oil and gas industry encounter NORM when they tap NORM deposits within shale.
PPT-SM-N 2017
NORM is typically encountered at older manufacturing centers with old equipment and abandoned wells. NORM contamination may spread when the old equipment is recycled as scrap metal.
7
PPT-SM-N 2017 8
Time • Limit your time around radiation and remove yourself from the source if possible
Distance • If you are aware of a radioactive source, try to stay as far away as possible
Shielding • Shield yourself and put a shield around the source of the radiation for the best protection
The three most basic ways to protect yourself from radiation include time, distance, and shielding:
PPT-SM-N 2017 9
Good work practices and engineering controls that can be used to protect workers from harmful radiation include:Using filtered ventilation via high-efficiency particulate
absorption (HEPA) filtersPosting radioactive material signs around restricted
areas to keep unauthorized personnel outMonitoring workers’ occupational dose intake to
make sure they are not close to the occupational dose limit
PPT-SM-N 2017 10
Radiation areas will be boldly labeled with radioactive materials (RAM) signs.
When you see an area with a RAM sign, do not eat or drink in that area.
PPT-SM-N 2017
Exposure to NORM must be kept as low as is reasonably achievable. Your company should have a radiation protection program outlined in its policies and procedures.
11
PPT-SM-N 2017 12
Jobsites should be monitored for radiation before work begins. Monitor the air and equipment to create a baseline of radioactivity.
If any source of radioactivity is found, immediately report the source to your supervisor.
PPT-SM-N 2017 13
If significant levels of NORM are found, workers should be medically evaluated to determine their existing occupational dose of radiation.
PPT-SM-N 2017 14
Respiratory protection may be needed in NORM-contaminated areas if engineering controls cannot keep the airborne radioactivity levels below the exposure limits.
PPT-SM-N 2017 15
Two types of respirators may be used when dealing with NORM: Half-face respirators with HEPA cartridges Supplied air respirators (SARs)
PPT-SM-N 2017 16
Wear appropriate PPE for the job, such as gloves, aprons, and hard hats.
If appropriate PPE is unavailable or damaged in any way, do not work in the restricted area.
PPT-SM-N 2017
NORM is a serious health risk to workers in the oil and gas industry. You must protect yourself when you work in an area contaminated with NORM.
Exposure to NORM must be kept as low as is reasonably achievable. Your company should have
a radiation protection program outlined in its policies and procedures.
17
Safe
ty M
eetin
g Quiz
: NOR
MSign and date this quiz sheet. Circle the letter representing the correct answer to each quiz question below.
Name:©
201
7 PE
C S
afet
y, In
c.
QUIZ-SM-NORMSEPT 2017
Date:
1. ______________ is radiation that exists naturally in the environment.
A. BenzeneB. Hydrogen sulfideC. Naturally occurring
radioactive materialD. Silica
2. Radiation becomes ______________ when it becomes concentrated in some way by human activity.
A. SafeB. DangerousC. HarmlessD. Non-toxic
3. NORM is a serious health risk because high levels of radiation can cause _______________.
A. Heat stressB. SilicosisC. AsbestosisD. Cancer
4. NORM exposure mostly happens through _______________ or ingestion.
A. InhalationB. InjectionC. Skin absorptionD. Osmosis
5. _______________ is exposure to low levels of radioactivity over a long period of time.
A. Acute exposureB. Chronic exposureC. Short-term exposureD. Brief exposure
6. NORM can be produced as ________________ and can take the form of scale buildup in tubulars, wellheads, flowlines, pits, and drill pipes.
A. FumesB. VaporsC. GasesD. Waste water
7. The three most basic ways to protect yourself from radiation include time, distance, and ________________.
A. Fit-for-duty examsB. Job safety analysesC. ShieldingD. Work permits
8. Radiation areas will be boldly labeled with _______________.
A. Radioactive materials signsB. PictogramsC. Warning tagsD. Caution tape
9. Exposure to NORM must be kept ________________.
A. At zeroB. As low as is reasonably
achievableC. Moderately highD. As high as is reasonably
achievable
10. ________________ may be needed in NORM-contaminated areas if engineering controls cannot keep the airborne radioactivity levels below the exposure limits.
A. Hearing protectionB. Fall protectionC. Rescue equipmentD. Respiratory protection
NORM
Safety Meeting Answer Keys: NORM Instructors: The following key shows the answers for the NORM safety meeting quiz.
© 2017 PEC
Safety, Inc.
KEY-SM-NORMSEPT 2017
1. C
2. B
3. D
4. A
5. B
6. D
7. C
8. A
9. B
10. D
This is to certify that
has successfully completed thePEC Safety Meeting
NORM
Instructor Date Awarded
STUDENT ROSTER
PRINT STUDENT NAME (CLEARLY) STUDENT SIGNATURE LAST 4 SSN or DOB1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
INSTRUCTOR NAME SAFETY MEETING DATE
SAFETY MEETING NAME COMPANY NAME
Student Instructions: Print and sign your name. Also, provide your date of birth or the last four digits of your social security number.
©2014 PEC Safety, Inc. All rights reserved.