pediatric nursing caring for children and their families module 1
TRANSCRIPT
PEDIATRIC NURSINGPEDIATRIC NURSINGCaring For Children Caring For Children and Their Familiesand Their Families
PEDIATRIC NURSINGPEDIATRIC NURSINGCaring For Children Caring For Children and Their Familiesand Their Families
MODULE 1MODULE 1
What is Pediatric Nursing?
• Caring for children and families• Promoting health and wellness
through– Clinical practice– Education– Research– Advocacy
Special Competencies• Medication dosage calculation• Pediatric-specific skills• Neonatal, infant and child resuscitation• Play therapy• Family-centered care• Developmentally appropriate care and
communication
Peds Nursing Issues• Safety of culture and environment• Access to healthcare• Divorce, abuse, drug use-
exposure in home• Lack of prenatal care and
appropriate screenings• Violence and bullying in school
• Injury and accidents• Nutrition and obesity rates; eating
disorders• Peer pressure, drug and alcohol use• Sexual activity and rates of STD and
teen pregnancy• Mental health• Child abuse and neglect
Care Settings• Acute care- hospital setting• Critical care hospital unit• Specialty clinics for children with
special needs• Public health department• School • Home health and hospice care• Primary care facilities
Definition or Family• Family is who they say they are• Biological • Legal• Emotional• Two or more persons• Nuclear, alternative, adoptive,
foster, and group
Growth and Development
• Growth vs Development• Freud• Erickson• Paiget
• Kohlberg- moral (won’t focus on)
Communication• Techniques• Verbal• Nonverbal• Purpose??
• Infant• Toddlers• Preschoolers• School age• Adolescent
Emotional Factors• Separation anxiety• Stranger anxiety• Tantrums• Depression• Self image• Insecurity
Safety/Accident Prevention
• Environmental• Equipment• Medication• Anticipatory guidance• Risk factors
Pain Management• Nonpharmacologic• Pharmacologic
– Non-opioid– Opioid
Anatomic Differences• Respiratory
– Small, short, narrow airways– Obligatory nosebreathers
• Skin– Larger body surface area– Increase fluid loss– Problems with temp regulation
• Cardiac– Increased heart rate– Congenital anomalies– Decreased blood pressure– Increased oxygen demand– Increased metabolic demand
• Renal– Kidneys less able to concentrate urine– Increased specific gravity– Small changes=big consequences– Differing lab values by age group– Small bladder capacity– Prevent UTI– 1-2mL/kg/hr
• GI– Feces changes based on diet and age– Dietary inclusions– Allergies– Congenital disorders
• Neuro– Primitive reflexes– Replaced slowly with gross and fine
motor movement
• Hematology– Rapid heart rate and higher
hematocrit increase oxygen delivery– Lab results vary by age group
• Immune– Need acquired immunity in infancy– Immunizations– Immature immune system
• Musculoskeletal– Spurts and lulls– Mastery of motor skills is influenced
by environment and stimulation– Highly individualized
• Endocrine– Inability to regulate blood glucose
levels for first few years