penempatan pegawai school of communication & business ... · –personality traits or character...
TRANSCRIPT
Organizational Behavior
Penempatan PegawaiSchool of Communication & BusinessInspiring Creative Innovation
Meeting-3
PERSONALITY&
EMOTION
PERSONALITY
The combination of ways used by someonein interacting with others, which isinfluenced by heredity (genetic) andenvironment
PERILAKU ORGANISASI 2
Personality Determinants
• Heredity
Genetic factors of an individual
Physical size, attractiveness, face, temperament, etc.
• Environment
The culture in which we grew up. Our initial conditioningaffects our personality.
• Situation
Personality sometimes changes according to thesituation where the individual is located.
3
CHARACTERISTICS OF PERSONALITY
– Personality traits or character traits arecharacteristics that often arise and describe thebehavior of an individual
– In the Organizational Behavior study, it is useful,among others for: employee selection, and adjustingthe field of work with individuals
– Personality measurement can be done by:
a) MBTI
b) Big Five Model
PERILAKU ORGANISASI 4
a. MBTI (Myers-Briggs Type Indicator)
The most widely used personality instrument in the world.
Extrovert Outgoing, sociable, assertive, adaptable
Introvert Shy, quiet
Sensing Practical and prefer routine or order, they focus on details
Intuitive Intuitives rely on unconcious processes an look at the ‘big picture’
Thinking Thinking type use reason and logic to handle problems
Feeling Feeling types rely on their personal values and emotions
Judging Want to control and prefer their world to be ordered and structured
Perceiving Flexible and spontaneous
• Classify people into 4 main types:
a) Extrovert / Introvert (E or I)
b) Sensing / Intuitive (S or N)
c) Thinking / Feeling (T or F)
d) Perceiving / Judging (P or J)
• The classification is then combined into 16 personality types
a. MBTI (Myers-Briggs Type Indicator)
Myers-Briggs Type Indicator(MBTI)
Decision makingStyle
Perceptive (P)
In makingDecision
Feeling (F)
Type of social interaction
Extrovert (E)
In ObtainingInformation
Sensing (S)
Introvert (I)
Intuitive (N)
Thinking (T)
Judgmental (J)
INTJ = Visionary (having original thoughts and a strong drive for ideas and goals)
ESTJ = Organizer (realistic, logic, analytic, assertive)
ENTP = Initiator (innovative, individualistic)7
b. Big Five Model
1. Emotion Stability:
A dimension that characterizes a person's ability to managestress to be calm and confident (as opposed to being notcalm, nervous, and depressed)
2. Extraversion
The degree to which a person is able to socialize
3. Openness to new things (Openness to Experience):
One's area of interest on something new
An open person is creative, curious, sensitive, (as opposed toa closed mind)
According to the BIG FIVE MODELThe personality can be divided into 5 dimensions:
4. Agreeability/ agreeableness:
The degree to which one works well with others
Dimensions that include a person's ability to work with others,cooperative, and the ability to trust others
5. Conscientiousness:
Dimensions that describe someone who is responsible,reliable, stable, dicipline
The lowest value of this dimension is lazy, disorganized andirresponsible
9
Model of How Big Five Traits Influence OB Criteria
Personality attributes that influencing OB
Locus of control Narcissism
Risk taker PersonalityType A
Machiavellism Self – Evaluation
Main Personality Traits That Effect Organizational Behavior
The degree to which people believe that they are masters of their
own fate (success or fail)
Internal locus of control: They believe that they are able to control
what happens to them
External locus of control: They believe that what happens to them
is controlled by outside forces (other people, luck, chance)
Locus of control:
Internal locus of control External locus of control
JOB SATISFACTION High Low
ABSENTEEISM Low High
WORK PERFORMANCE Better at work that requires initiative and independence of action
Better at routine and well-structured work
RESIGNATION Dare to take action, then he can be better prepared to leave work
Vice versa (Search safe)
LOCUS OF CONTROL EFFECT ON ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOR
MACHIAVELLISM: The degree to which individuals arepragmatic, distance their emotions, and believe thatgoals can be achieved by justifying any means
• Manipulating more, always wanting to win, lessbeing persuaded, and more persuading others
• High performance in jobs with situations that havefew rules that can improvise
• Example: Work that contains elements ofnegotiation, sales commissions, etc.
14
RISK TAKER
• Individuals have different courage to take chances• To produce high performance, one's risk taking must be
adjusted to the demands of the job
Example:• High risk takers produce more effective work
performance for a stock trader in an intermediarytrading company (broker), because this type of workrequires quick decision making.
• On the other hand, the willingness to take risks mayprove to be a major obstacle for an accountantconducting audit activities. This job might be better doneby someone who has a low risk-taking tendency.
PERILAKU ORGANISASI 15
NARCISSISM: Tendency to be: arrogant, have a sense of self-interest that is excessive, requires excessive recognition, andput yourself first
• A study revealed that when narcissistic individuals think theyare better leaders than their peers, their superiors actuallyjudge them as worse leaders
• Narcissistic individuals also tend to be selfish (egoist) andexploitative, and they often utilize the attitudes of otherindividuals to their advantage.
• Research also shows that narcissistic individuals are judged bytheir superiors as less effective individuals, especially whenthey are asked to help other individuals.
SELF-MONITORING: The ability of an individual toadapt his behavior to external situational factors
• Have better work performance, and more likely tobe a leader
• Have a dynamic career path, get more promotions
• More likely to occupy a core position in anorganization
• Individuals with a high level of monitoring will bemore successful in holding managerial positions
TYPE A PERSONALITY: Aggressively continuing involvementto achieve more - in less time, and if necessary will resistattempts by other people or other matters
Type A Personality Type B Personality
1. Fast paced in moving
2. Can not wait for everything that goeson
3. Try to do several jobs at once.
4. Can't enjoy free time
5. Obsessed with numbers
1. Never feel pressured
2. Feel no need to show off theirachievements
3. Play to get excitement
4. Can relax without feeling guilty
• Type A gets the job faster• Type B more to the top manager• Why? Because type A prefers quantity over quality.
A
I
S
C
E
R
Artistic
Co
nve
nti
on
al
Associated Personality Types
With work
Holland Theory:
Holland Theory: The theory of compatibility of people with the type of work
Type Personality Congruent Occupation
Realistic
Investigative
Social
Conventional
Enterprising (giat)
Artistic
Shy, stable, practical
Analytical, independent
Cooperativesociable
Efficient, not flexible,practical
Ambition, energetic
Imaginative, not practical,idealist
Mechanics, farmers,assembly worker
Biologist, economist,mathematician
Social workers, teachers,counselor
Managers, accountants,teller
Lawyer, seller
Painters, musicians,author
PERILAKU ORGANISASI
PERILAKU ORGANISASI
AFFECT, EMOTION, AND MOODS
EMOTION
PERILAKU ORGANISASI
Emotions are strong feelingstowards something or someone
EMOTION
• Emotions are different from moods
• Emotions are reactions to objects, notpersonalities
• According to Daniel Goleman (2002: 411)emotions refer to a specific feeling andthought, a biological and psychological stateand a series of tendencies to act
PERILAKU ORGANISASI
Affect, Emotion, and Moods
Six Basic Emotions
Happy
Wonder
Afraid
Sad
Angry
Fed up
Emotions are intense feelings directed at someone or something
EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCECOMPETENCIES
Social Awareness
Self Management
RelationshipManagement
Self Awareness
Empathy, understanding the emotion of others and their impact on relationship
Understanding our emotion and their impact on ourselves and others
Self-regulation, thinking before acting and staying in control of our emotion
Rapport, making use of emotions to build and maintain good relationships
Four key emotional intelligence competenciesfor leadership success
Mood
SN 322023 PERILAKU ORGANISASI 28
POSITIVE AFFECTION: A mood dimension consisting of specific positive emotionssuch as: alert, excited, excited, and happy (at high positive affection).Satisfaction, peace, relaxation and calm (at low positive affection)
NEGATIVE AFFECTION: A mood dimension consisting of emotions such as:tension, nervous, stress, and disappointment (at high negative affection). Sad,depression, bore, and sluggish (at low negative affections)
Mood = positive affection or negative affection
Moods
The Structure of Mood
++
--
People without Emotion
Other KeyIssues
Gender andEmotion
Culture andEmotion
Can people be emotionless?
• Some people have great difficulty expressingtheir feelings and understanding the emotionsof others called Alexithymia
• Alexithymia does not always lead to lowperformance
• Jobs that are suitable are jobs that requirelittle or no emotion at all– Suitable: Programmer
– Not suitable: Salesperson
Gender and Emotion
Is it true that women reactmore emotionally? Yes• Women show greater
emotional expressionthan men
• Women are morecomfortable in expressingemotions than men
• Women are better atreading non-verbal cluesthan men
Explanation:
• Men are trained to be hardand brave, women aresocialized as caregivers
• Women need greaterattention to get socialrecognition
• Women have an better abilityto read other people anddisplay their emotions
Culture and Emotion
• Culture gives different interpretations ofemotions
• Example: in the US a smile is considered aform of hospitality, but in Israel it isconsidered a form of inexperience
The Role of Emotion in Organizational Behavior
• E.I. (Emotion Intelligence) High performance is positivelyrelated to Emotional Intelligence
• Decision Making Negative emotions can lead to limitedalternatives and inaccurate use of information in decisionmaking
• Motivation People who are highly motivated in their work,emotionally attached
• Leadership Effective leaders almost all rely on theexpression of feelings to help communicate their message
• Conflict Managers' success in dealing with interpersonalconflict is often strongly influenced by their ability to identifyemotional elements in conflict
Fakultas Komunikasi dan BisnisInspiring Creative Innovation
Program studi Administrasi Bisnis Tel-U