pensions core course 2013: boosting income security for older persons - non-contributory pension...
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Boosting
Income Security for
Older Persons:
Non-Contributory
Pension Benefits
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A9467-EA-2 11/2011
Main Research Goals
• What is the best design for cash transfer programs?
– Method of payment (cash or debit card)
– Frequency of payment (monthly or bimonthly)
• What is the impact of the program on health, nutrition,
and well-being of recipients?
• What are the effects of additional health interventions?
– Detection of undiagnosed anemia or hypertension
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A9467-EA-3 11/2011
Our Program Is the First To Experiment With
Cash Transfers for Older Adults
• $550 pesos per month ($78 USD PPP) to adults age 70+
in Yucatan
• Treatment and control groups were surveyed
before/after and at six and 18 months
• Proven questionnaire adapted from previous
surveys(MHAS) administered in CAPI
• Large investment in human capital
– Staff of 70
– Spanish and Maya speakers
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A9467-EA-4 11/2011
Yucatan
• Experiment 1 (2008)
– Treatment: Valladolid
– Control: Motul
• Experiment 2 (2009)
– Randomized treatment
and control: Merida
• Experiment 3 (2010)
– Randomized treatment
and control: Merida
Program Was Phased into Three Yucatan
Towns with Populations of 20,000+
Mexico
Motul
Valladolid Merida
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A9467-EA-5 11/2011
Evaluation Study Is Called Escuchar
or “Listen”
• Baseline survey for treatment and
control groups before the intervention
• Follow-up interviews approx every six
months
• Data collection includes in-person interviews,
biomarkers, and anthropometric measurements
• Community level surveys: prices, community
infrastructure, economic activity, and macro
shocks
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A9467-EA-6 11/2011
All of the Questions Are Translated Into
Spanish and Maya
• English
– Do you have any difficulty with getting into or out of
bed or a hammock?
• Spanish
– ¿Usted tiene dificultad al acostarse o levantarse de
la cama o hamaca?
• Maya
– Teche’ istikiaj a chital wáa a líik’il ti’ a kaama wáa ti
a k’aan?
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A9467-EA-7 11/2011
The Survey Measures a Variety of Health
Indicators Before and After Intervention (1 of 3)
Blood pressure
Pulmonary capacity
Balance
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A9467-EA-8 11/2011
The Survey Measures a Variety of Health
Indicators Before and After Intervention (2 of 3)
Waist circumference
Weight
Height
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A9467-EA-9 11/2011
The Survey Measures a Variety of Health
Indicators Before and After Intervention (3 of 3)
Anemia
Diabetes and other
conditions measured
with blood test
Grip strength Grip strength is correlated
with disability, mortality,
and health-related quality
of life
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A9467-EA-10 11/2011
Results So Far Suggest that Cash Transfers
Improve Well Being
• Increases use of medical services and medicine
• Improves food availability and decreases hunger
• Reduces number of older people still working
• Decline in cash transfers from family members
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A9467-EA-11 11/2011
Results So Far Suggest More Frequent Cash
Transfers Alleviate Poverty More Effectively
• Monthly benefit is more effective improving food
availability and decreasing hunger
• Bi-monthly benefit increases consumption of durable
goods (for example: cell phones and bicycles)
• Monthly benefit decreases cash transfers from family
members
• Bi-monthly benefit increases transfers from the older
person to family members
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A9467-EA-12 11/2011
• Analyze cost effectiveness for the government
– Have health care costs in hospitals decreased
due to investment in preventive medicine?
– Merge administrative records of hospitals to
individual survey data
• Conduct other experiments
– Health intervention
Future Research Projects
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