people forget how fast you did a job but they remember how well you did it
TRANSCRIPT
People forget how fast you did a job
but they rememberhow well you did it.
People forget how fast you did a job
but they rememberhow well you did it.
Acids and Bases Acids and Bases
Lesson 4Lesson 4
AnhydridesAnhydrides
Problem 1Problem 1Find the OH- if the [H+] is 2.3 x 10 -3 M.
RememberKw= [H+] x [OH-]
1x 10 -14 M2 = 2.3 x 10 -3 M x [OH-]
Answer4.35 x 10 -12 M
Find the OH- if the [H+] is 2.3 x 10 -3 M.
RememberKw= [H+] x [OH-]
1x 10 -14 M2 = 2.3 x 10 -3 M x [OH-]
Answer4.35 x 10 -12 M
Problem 2Problem 2Find the [H+] if the [OH-] is 7.31 x 10 -3M.
RememberKw= [H+] x [OH-]
1x 10 -14 M2 = 7.31 x 10 -3 M x [H+]
Answer1.37 x 10 -12 M
Find the [H+] if the [OH-] is 7.31 x 10 -3M.
RememberKw= [H+] x [OH-]
1x 10 -14 M2 = 7.31 x 10 -3 M x [H+]
Answer1.37 x 10 -12 M
Problem 3Problem 3Find the pH if the [H+] is 8.91 x 10 -5 M.
RememberpH = - log of [H+]
(-)Log of 8.91 x 10 -5 M
Answer4.05
Find the pH if the [H+] is 8.91 x 10 -5 M.
RememberpH = - log of [H+]
(-)Log of 8.91 x 10 -5 M
Answer4.05
Arrhenius Arrhenius
• Came up with theory of ionization.
• Stated that acids are compounds containing hydrogen that ionize to yield H+ in aqueous solution and bases are compounds that ionize yield OH- in aqueous solution.
• Came up with theory of ionization.
• Stated that acids are compounds containing hydrogen that ionize to yield H+ in aqueous solution and bases are compounds that ionize yield OH- in aqueous solution.
Ionization Ionization
• When ions form from a covalent compound.
• When ions form from a covalent compound.
Lewis acid Lewis acid
• Substance that can accept a pair of electrons to form a covalent bond.
• Acids are electron - pair acceptors.
• Substance that can accept a pair of electrons to form a covalent bond.
• Acids are electron - pair acceptors.
Lewis base Lewis base
• Substance that can donate a pair of electrons to form covalent bond.
• Bases are electron - pair donors.
• Substance that can donate a pair of electrons to form covalent bond.
• Bases are electron - pair donors.
Naming acids: Rule 1Naming acids: Rule 1• If anion ends with ide.
• The acid is named with the prefix hydro, the root name of the anion, and the suffix ic.
• ide Hydro (base word) ic
• Ex: HCl - hydrochloric acid.
• If anion ends with ide.
• The acid is named with the prefix hydro, the root name of the anion, and the suffix ic.
• ide Hydro (base word) ic
• Ex: HCl - hydrochloric acid.
Naming acids: Rule 2Naming acids: Rule 2• If the anion ends with ite.• The acid named is formed from the
root name of the anion with a suffix of ous or rous, which replace ite
• Example: H2SO3 - sulfurous acid . Anion was sulfite SO3
-2.
• Ite (base word) ous
• If the anion ends with ite.• The acid named is formed from the
root name of the anion with a suffix of ous or rous, which replace ite
• Example: H2SO3 - sulfurous acid . Anion was sulfite SO3
-2.
• Ite (base word) ous
Naming acids: Rule 3Naming acids: Rule 3• If the anion ends with ate.• The acid named is formed from the root
name of the anion with a suffix of ic or ric, which replace ate.
• Example: H2SO4 Sulfuric acid. Anion was sulfate SO4
-2
• ate (base word) ic
• If the anion ends with ate.• The acid named is formed from the root
name of the anion with a suffix of ic or ric, which replace ate.
• Example: H2SO4 Sulfuric acid. Anion was sulfate SO4
-2
• ate (base word) ic
Strong acid plus a weak base
Strong acid plus a weak base
• Will yield an aqueous salt and water.
• The ions in the salt are dissociated.
• Will yield an aqueous salt and water.
• The ions in the salt are dissociated.
Problem 4Problem 4Find the pH if the [OH-] is 3.71 x 10 -8 M.
RememberpH = - log of [H+] , but you have the [OH-] .
Find the [H+] first.
Find the pH if the [OH-] is 3.71 x 10 -8 M.
RememberpH = - log of [H+] , but you have the [OH-] .
Find the [H+] first.
WorkWork• 1 x 10 -14 M2 = 3.71 x 10 -8 M x [H+]
• [H+] = 2.70 x 10-7 M
• Take the –log of 2.70 x 10-7
• Answer = • 6.57
• 1 x 10 -14 M2 = 3.71 x 10 -8 M x [H+]
• [H+] = 2.70 x 10-7 M
• Take the –log of 2.70 x 10-7
• Answer = • 6.57
Problem 5Problem 5Find the pH if the [OH-] is 9.18 x 10 -5 M.
RememberpH = - log of [H+] , but you have the [OH-] .
Find the [H+] first.
Find the pH if the [OH-] is 9.18 x 10 -5 M.
RememberpH = - log of [H+] , but you have the [OH-] .
Find the [H+] first.
WorkWork• 1 x 10 -14 M2 = 9.18 x 10 -5 M x [H+]
• [H+] = 1.09 x 10-10 M
• Take the –log of 1.09 x 10-10
• Answer = • 9.96
• 1 x 10 -14 M2 = 9.18 x 10 -5 M x [H+]
• [H+] = 1.09 x 10-10 M
• Take the –log of 1.09 x 10-10
• Answer = • 9.96
Problem 6Problem 6
• Find the molarity of the sodium hydroxide solution if you have 57 g of sodium hydroxide dissolved in 800 ml of water.
• Find the molarity of the sodium hydroxide solution if you have 57 g of sodium hydroxide dissolved in 800 ml of water.
WorkWork
57 g NaOH 1 mol NaOH =.8 L 40.01 g NaOH
Answer1.78 M
57 g NaOH 1 mol NaOH =.8 L 40.01 g NaOH
Answer1.78 M