PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA PUBLIC POLICYSAM LEWANDO

Outline

Pollution One Child Policy Re-Education Censorship Others

Pollution

500 million in China without clean drinking water

1% of the population of city dwellers (560 million total) breath air considered clean by the EU.

16 of the 20 most polluted cities in the world Outdoor pollution accounted for the death of

1.2 million in 2010

Pollution Causes

Corruption, growth and underdeveloped infrastructure Corrupt local government Huge population and economic growth People migrating west to east

Pollution & Government Effort

Ministry of the Environmental Protection of the People’s Republic of China replaced State Environmental Protection Agency (SEPA) in 2008. Led by Zhou Shengxian

Environmental Protection Leadership Group upgraded to ministry-level agency to become SEPA in 1998

$280 Billion over the next five years to be invested into environmental protection Over the next five years, China will use as much coal as the rest of the world combined

Re-Education Through Physical Labor

Part of laogai system of prison camps Average sentence from 1-3 years Government was able to send

prisoners to jail for up to 4 years without a trial.

Some labor camps being turned into drug rehabilitation centers.

One Child Policy

One Child Policy

Intended to produce a generation of “high-quality” people.

Limits children to one in urban areas and two in rural areas

Policy tools Fines Preferential treatment

Exceptions

Urban areas enforced heavily, rural areas lenient

Ethnic minority exceptions Tibetans have no limit Ethnic minorities have higher limit

Effects of the Policy

Chinese declared it has prevented 400 million births

Population growth rate is 0.49% “Spoiled singlets” Female infanticide and gender imbalance

Censorship

Taking down sites and blocking information

Run by Ministry of Public Security of the PRC

Golden Shield Project and Intranet “Great Firewall of China”

Economic consequences and insularity

http://www.greatfirewallofchina.org/

South China Sea Territorial Disputes

Disputes between China and other countries over small islands

Estimates for resources in area range up to $20 trillion

Chinese aggression & Exclusive Economic Zone

Currency Devaluation

Devaluation means cheap exports Grows economy at expense of citizens Insular banking system

Activity: Censorship

No unit or individual may use the Internet to create, replicate, retrieve, or transmit the following kinds of information:1. Inciting to resist or breaking the Constitution or laws or the implementation of administrative regulations;2. Inciting to overthrow the government or the socialist system;3. Inciting division of the country, harming national unification;4. Inciting hatred or discrimination among nationalities or harming the unity of the nationalities;5. Making falsehoods or distorting the truth, spreading rumors, destroying the order of society;6. Promoting feudal superstitions, sexually suggestive material, gambling, violence, murder;7. Terrorism or inciting others to criminal activity; openly insulting other people or distorting the truth to

slander people;8. Injuring the reputation of state organizations;9. Other activities against the Constitution, laws or administrative regulations.