perception of stimuli
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Perception of stimuli. By Martin Samaj IB study guide: 133. Perception and Stimulus. Perception – the act of apprehending by means of the senses of the mind Stimulus – something causing or regarded as causing a response - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Perception of stimuli
By Martin SamajIB study guide: 133
Perception and Stimulus• Perception – the act of apprehending by
means of the senses of the mind• Stimulus – something causing or regarded as
causing a response • Humans have a large variety of sensory
receptors which enable us to perceive a wide range of stimuli
Examples of receptorsType Stimulus Example
Mechanoreceptors Mechanical energy in the form of sound waves
Hair cells in the cochleaPressure receptor cells in
the skinChemoreceptors Chemical substances
dissolved in water (tongue)Chemical substances as
vapor (nose)
Receptor cells in the tongue and nerve endings
in the nose
Thermoreceptors Temperature Nerve endings in the skin detecting warm or cold
conditionsPhotoreceptors Electromagnetic radiation
usually in the form of lightRod and cone cells in the
eye
Structure of the human ear
Hearing• Hearing is one of the 5 major senses (hearing,
touch, smell, sight, taste) that allows us sound perception
• Because of how our auditory systems are constructed a typical human being is able to perceive sounds in the frequency range from 20 – 20 000 hertz.
Perception of sound• Eardrum
– Sound waves cause the ear drum to vibrate. The role of the eardrum is to pick up sound vibrations from the air and send them to the middle ear
• Bones of the middle ear– There is a series of small bones in the middle ear called ossicles. All are in
contact with each other. They transmit vibrations from the eardrum to the oval window
• Oval window– A membranous structure that transmits the sound waves to the fluid filling
the inside of cochlea
• Hair cells in the cochlea– Hair cells enable the transmission of messages across synapses and into
the brain through the auditory nerve
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